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PubMed1980

[Secondary caries].

On the basis of a survey of the literature, the author emphasizes the considerable clinical importance of secondary caries and the dependence of its incidence upon the filling material used. Further predisposing factors (such as marginal leakage, cavity preparation, age and size of the filling, and the kind of cavity wall working) are discussed, and relevant measures for the prevention of secondary caries are presented.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1995

Marginal adaptation and seal of direct and indirect Class II composite resin restorations: an in vitro evaluation.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal adaptation and seal of posterior composite resin restorations made with direct (three-sited multilayering) or indirect (extraoral inlay) techniques. The influence on the marginal quality of the cervical finishing design (butt or beveled) and residual enamel height (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm up to the cementoenamel junction) was also evaluated. This trial was performed on sound, freshly extracted human molars. When residual enamel was less than 1.0 mm in height or 0.5 mm in thickness, indirect restoration resulted in superior marginal quality. For preparations with sufficient residual enamel height (greater than 1.0 mm), beveling of gingival margins appeared mandatory for good adaptation of direct restorations and beneficial to the adaptation of indirect restorations. Residual gingival enamel height and thickness demonstrated an influence on marginal quality only in indirect restorations with butt margins.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1993

Clinical placement of modern glass-ionomer cements.

The main advantages of glass-ionomer cement are its ionic exchange with dentin and enamel and its continuous fluoride release, which acts as an effective anticariogenic agent. The new dual-curing (light-activated) cements have enhanced physical properties and excellent esthetics, so the situations in which they can be placed as a complete restoration are greatly increased. If the occlusal load is too great to use glass-ionomer cement alone, the dual-curing cements are ideal for the lamination technique, in which the cement is used as a dentinal substitute and is covered with composite resin. This paper discusses the clinical placement techniques required to ensure success with either technique.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1995

Considerations and techniques for multiple bulk-fill direct posterior composites.

Many variables must be considered when placing posterior composites as compared to amalgam. Contemporary adhesive and composite technology now allow for bulk-filling or directed-shrinkage techniques. This article discusses posterior composite physical properties that influence clinical technique. Direct posterior composites can be placed efficiently for the benefit of the patient and the dentist.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An in vitro caries inhibition of photopolymerized glass ionomer liners.

Caries inhibition of traditional chemical cure glass ionomers has been established. The newer photopolymerized glass ionomers demonstrate a different composition that may impair the ability of providing prevention to secondary caries at restoration margins. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the caries inhibition of photopolymerized glass ionomers (Vitrebond-3M Dental Products, Photac Bond-ESPE/Premier Dental Products) compared to a photopolymerized composite resin (Pertac Universal Bond-ESPE/Premier) control. Two standardized Class V preparations were placed in thirty permanent molars, the gingival margin placed below the cementoenamel junction. Equal numbers of preparations were restored with Vitrebond, Photac Bond and Pertac Universal Bond, according to manufacturer's instructions. The teeth were coated with an acid resistant varnish to within 2 mm of the restoration margins. All teeth were subjected to an artificial caries challenge (pH 4.2) for five days, then axial sections of 100 microns were cut longitudinally through the restored margins and photographed under polarized light microscopy. The polarized micrographs were projected onto a digitizing pad, where demineralized areas adjacent to the restoration margins were quantitated. Results demonstrated the mean (+/- S.D.) area (microns2) demineralization 100 microns from the restoration gingival margin to be: Photac Bond 66.1 +/- 27.8; Vitrebond 47.2 +/- 37.2; Pertac Universal Bond 120.9 +/- 66.0. Duncan's multiple range test indicated there was no statistically significant difference in demineralization inhibition between the two photopolymerized glass ionomers Photac Bond and Vitrebond (p < 0.05), but both photopolymerized glass ionomers demonstrated significantly less demineralization than the Pertac Universal Bond composite resin control (p < 0.05).

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1998

An innovative approach to Class II preparation and restoration.

When patients exhibit Class II defects requiring restoration, the treatment modality and respective preparation requirements may present challenges to the clinician. Aesthetics, chairside time, and expense become factors for the consideration of both dentist and patient. However, a new sonically driven system for the preparation and restoration of proximal defects was recently introduced (SONICSYS, Ivoclar Vivadent, Amherst, NY). This system, composed of diamond-coated tips and prefabricated ceramic inserts, promises to enable clinicians to efficiently, confidently, and expertly prepare and restore Class II defects in a timely, consistent, and cost-efficient manner. This article describes the components of the system and demonstrates its utilization in a case report.

Adult↗