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PubMedDate not supplied

[Fatal mitral valve endocarditis by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae].

A fatal case of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae mitral valve endocarditis is described in a 45 years old male, with a history of chronic alcohol abuse and without animals contact. He presented intermittent fever, polyarthralgia, weight loss, and low back pain. In blood cultures (2 bottles), gram-positive pleomorphic rods grew after 48 hours of incubation. The subculture on blood agar media showed a small, alpha-hemolytic colony, catalase and oxidase negative, PYR and LAP positive and the production of H2S in triple sugar iron agar, was demonstrated. The isolate was initially identified as E. rhusiopathiae, and confirmed by API Coryne (BioMérieux). On the basis of these findings and a transthoracic echocardiogram, an endocarditis was confirmed. Intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin treatment was initiated. The patient became afever, nevertheless he died on day 19 after admission as a consequence of acute pulmonary edema. Susceptibility testing by E-test showed that the microorganism was resistant to vancomycin and gentamicin, and susceptible to penicillin and cefotaxime. We emphasize the importance to consider the isolates of gram-positive pleomorphic rods, catalase and oxidase negative, and the addition of H2S production test in TSI medium. Vancomycin-resistance helps in the identification, and to establish the correct antimicrobial therapy. Although E. rhusiopathiae is usually reported as an occupational pathogen, the contact with pigs and other farm animals may be underestimated.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1990

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-induced septic arthritis in a calf.

A 14-week-old Holstein heifer with a 48-hour history of left tarsocrural joint effusion was referred for evaluation when lameness developed 24 hours after needle aspiration was attempted at the farm. Results of synovial fluid analysis were compatible with diagnosis of septic arthritis, and bacteriologic culture of the fluid yielded Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The calf responded to tarsocrural joint lavage and penicillin G administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bacteremia in a horse.

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae serotype 5 was isolated from blood obtained antemortem from a horse with presenting problems of laminitis, uveitis, acute blindness, localized ventral edema and depression. The patient failed to respond to therapy and died 96 hours after the onset of clinical signs. Cultures of the lung postmortem yielded Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae serotype 5, Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., and Klebsiella sp.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of a live oral vaccine to immunize turkeys against erysipelas.

Turkeys were vaccinated via the drinking water with a commercial live erysipelas vaccine licensed for use in swine. The vaccine provided partial protection against challenge with a virulent isolate of the same serotype. Efficacy was determined by comparing the mortality rates of vaccinates with nonvaccinates. Two vaccine treatments (2 weeks apart) with the live vaccine, each treatment consisting of two doses (4 x 10(9) organisms/dose), were effective in inducing protection. Turkeys vaccinated similarly with live vaccine doses containing 10(5) or 10(7) organisms/dose were not protected against challenge. A bacterin-production strain of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (EW-2) was not effective as a live vaccine. Turkeys vaccinated subcutaneously with a commercial bacterin, the current immunoprophylactic agent for erysipelas control, were protected against challenge. These results indicate the potential usefulness of an orally administered live vaccine for erysipelas control in turkeys.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphologic studies of reactive changes in the joint cartilage in experimental erysipelas arthritis].

In experimentally Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-induced polyarthritis of pigs, important pathomechanisms of bacterial invasion of the articular cartilage matrix were studied. Furthermore, observations were made concerning inflammatory cartilage changes in the transitional zone of the distal femur condyle. The morphological changes were a loss of proteoglycans, proliferation and transformation of cartilage cells, compensatory formation of collagenous fibers progressing to cartilage fibrosis and pannus formation. As histology only represents a static picture, different methods are necessary to finally verify the dynamics of this process. It appears likely, that cartilage and pannus combined, and synergistically after fibroblastic transformation, produce a reparative scar in the area of cartilage alteration.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The pathogenesis of erysipelas arthritis].

Experimental chronic erysipelas polyarthritis in rat, induced by living erysipelas bacteria, histologically can be divided into four different phases. In the phase of population bacteria are distributed diffusely within the whole joint but accumulate in the transitional zones and entheses by multiplication within the ground substance of cartilage. In the phase of acute destruction a severe inflammation of all joint tissues predominates. Bacterial antigen is eliminated by a pannus tissue destroying the cartilaginous structures. In the following phase a diffuse dystrophy of articular cartilage dominates. The reason for this process is not clear; within the cartilage bacterial antigen can seldom be demonstrated, but it accumulates intracellularly in the periphery of the joints (e.g. dense connective tissue, muscles). In the chronic phase we find a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the subsynovium, a lining cell hyperplasia, and pannus formation arising from the epiphyseal bone marrow cavity. The relation between chronic inflammation and destruction in the central and antigen persistence in the outer parts of the joints is a matter of current investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Acid-base status and antibody production in pigs immunized with a vaccine against erysipelas].

Studied was the correlation between the acid-alkaline status and the antibody production in pigs treated with the VR-2 vaccine against swine erysipelas. A progressive growth of the values of the B-system indices was established as early as the 24th hour in correlation with the higher HCO3 and CO2 values. The latter substantiated a new profile of the acid-alkaline state, which persisted up to the 10th day. The subsidiary increase in the concentration of HCO3 from the 10th to the 15th day as well as of pCO2 on the 15th day was associated with the highest percent and absolute number of B lymphocytes and 'AOK' at 10(6). This confirmed the presence of a gradual correlation between the indices of the acid-alkaline state and the B system.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1987

[Swine erysipelas: from yesterday to today].

The history of swine erysipelas in the Netherlands is reviewed, with special reference to the significance of vaccination and the views on epidemiology. The paper of D. A. de Jong Jzn. (1891) is discussed. The activities of the National Serum Institute in Rotterdam in this regard are discussed in detail. In conclusion, it is stated that vaccinations designed to prevent swine erysipelas are no longer required under conditions prevailing in the Netherlands.

Animals↗