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Results for “Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice”

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PubMed2002

Capacity building in rural mental health in Western Australia.

A regional success story in capacity building in terms of workforce development in rural Western Australia is described. A rural and remote distance education program in mental health was delivered in 1999 across 10 rural sites to 31 health professionals (26 general nurses, four allied health and one Aboriginal health worker) who are in contact with mentally ill patients at the primary level in country areas. Evaluation on completion of the program and at 4 months postprogram was extremely positive, with participants reporting that they have gained knowledge of mental health management regimens, developed mental health assessment skills and enhanced their clinical practice. Both participants and their line managers identified that the program had greatest impact on improving relationships with the mental health team. The program has also been an example of capacity building in terms of innovative resourcing to address a statewide need in mental health education for those at the forefront of rural practice.

Education, Distance↗
PubMed2003

More than just a virus: the sexual health needs of consumers with HIV and mental illness in the third decade of AIDS.

This paper provides a review of the literature concerning risk taking behaviors for HIV amongst the mentally ill and knowledge of HIV/AIDS amongst this group. The paper presents a comparison of Australian and international statistics of prevalence and new infection rates and outlines the subsequent psychiatric complications arising from AIDS. Suggestions are made as to the development of appropriate patient sexual health teaching by nurses. Above all the purpose of the paper is to inform clinicians and develop discourse concerning the implications for clinical practice.

Australia↗
PubMed2004

Nurses' attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs related to the promotion of breastfeeding among women who bear children during adolescence.

This descriptive study examined the attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs of maternal child nurses related to the promotion of breastfeeding among adolescent mothers. Nurses (N = 151) employed by three nonprofit hospitals and city and county public health departments located in the southeastern part of the United States were surveyed. Overall, the findings revealed that participants were generally knowledgeable about and supportive of breastfeeding by adolescent mothers. However, some of the nurses did not know that there are nutritional differences between breast milk and infant formula, continued the practice of imposing time limits for feedings at the breast, and indicated that they were skeptical about young mothers' potential for success with breastfeeding because of immaturity and lack of commitment. Statistically significant differences were noted in mean attitude and knowledge scores based on the participant's specialty; knowledge and attitude were positively correlated with the nurse's level of education. Implications for nursing practice and future research are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Australian sexual health nurses: variations in practice.

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to describe the scope of practice of Australian Sexual Health Nurses in order to inform development of nationally consistent role functions. METHOD: Descriptive cross sectional survey of 201 sexual health nurses utilising an anonymous self-administered questionnaire with reply paid envelope which was sent to members of the Australian Sexual Health Nurses Association along with a letter which encouraged them to ask non member sexual health nurses to also complete a questionnaire. MAJOR FINDINGS: Despite the fact that most Australian Sexual Health Nurses are employed in sexual health centres and family planning clinics, this study showed the scope of their practice to be extremely varied both in and between states/territories. CONCLUSION: The scope of practice of Australian sexual health nurses is varied. While questions remain as to the reasons for difference, the authors argue that the specialty needs to work toward a national model for basic sexual health nursing care. It is recommended that this model be based on knowledge of and rationales for variations in practice.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluative case study of online learning for healthcare professionals.

BACKGROUND: This evaluation study assessed the pedagogical and instructional design (e-pedagogy) effectiveness of online continuing professional education (CPE) courses offered by a large Australian CPE provider. METHODS: A naturalistic theory approach and a multilevel evaluation were used to examine the impact of web-based learning on more than 300 healthcare professionals. Participant satisfaction, learning achievement, self-reported practice performance change, and e-pedagogical courseware characteristics were assessed by various qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. RESULTS: Findings revealed that learning online was an effective means for increasing CPE knowledge (p < .05) and improving self-reported practice performance change (p < .05). Courses containing a clinical tool resulted in an increased self-reported practice performance change over courses that did not (Zobs = 3.757). CONCLUSION: Online CPE offers a convenient format for healthcare professionals from educationally and geographically diverse populations to update their knowledge and view best practice.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurse practice issues regarding sperm banking in adolescent male cancer patients.

The impressive increase in the survival rate of childhood cancer patients has produced increased interest in quality of life issues. This research addresses nurse practice issues in determining whether the newly diagnosed adolescent male patient is offered the option of sperm banking before undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Questionnaires were distributed to nurses and nurse practitioners on 3 inpatient and outpatient units who care for adolescent male cancer patients at the time of diagnosis, during chemotherapy, and during follow-up care. Findings indicate that 96.3% of respondents agreed that all male patients undergoing cancer treatment with infertility as a potential side effect should be offered sperm banking. Respondents viewed oncologists and nurse practitioners as appropriate professionals to discuss the option. Lack of knowledge regarding sperm banking could be limiting nurses' willingness to introduce the topic, and education regarding cryopreservation may improve their knowledge and practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Family Medicine residents' knowledge and attitudes about end-of-life care.

The medical management of end-of-life symptoms, and the psychosocial care of the dying and their families have not been a specific part of the curriculum for undergraduate medical students or residency training programs. The purpose of our research was to assess family medicine residents' knowledge of and attitudes toward care of the dying. All entering (PGY1) and exiting (PGY2) residents of the Dalhousie University Family Medicine Residency Program were given a 50-item survey on end-of-life care. They survey contains two 25-item subscales concerning attitudes/opinions toward end-of-life care, and knowledge about care. Thirty-one of the 33 entering PGY1s 94%) and 26 of the 30 exiting PGY2s (86%) completed the surveys. Overall attitude scores were felt to be high among both groups, with little difference between them. Areas of concern regarding the adequacy of knowledge were found in relation to managing opioid drugs and the symptom of dyspnea. Interventions are now in development to address these issues in the residency program. In an era of subspecialties, the challenge of integrating these areas into the curriculum without creating rotations in specialist palliative care is an issue faced by most family medicine residency programs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2003

Knowledge, attitudes and practices survey among health care workers and tuberculosis patients in Iraq.

A cross-sectional study was made of 500 patients and 500 health care workers randomly selected from 250 primary health care centres throughout Iraq to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices towards tuberculosis (TB). Using structured questionnaire interviews, the study showed 64.4% of patients had good knowledge, while 54.8% had negative attitudes and practices towards TB. The 2 most important sources of patient information about TB were physicians and television. Of health care workers, 95.5% had good knowledge about TB and this was significantly associated with age and job duration. By contrast, health care workers' practice was poor: only 38.2% handled suspected TB cases correctly. The national TB programme in Iraq has had a good impact on knowledge of TB patients and health care workers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

An analysis of psychosocial theories of ageing and their relevance to practical gerontological nursing in Sweden.

BACKGROUND: Theories exist to challenge current practice, create new approaches to practice and remodel the structure of rules and principles. One question is whether nurses could find in psychosocial theories of ageing a theoretical foundation on which to base support of older people in their ageing process. AIM: The aim of the present paper was to analyse five psychosocial theories of ageing and to discover what they could mean for gerontological nursing in Sweden. METHOD: A literature search was conducted to find original works. Research questions inspired by Fawcett's framework guided the analysis. FINDINGS: Psychosocial theories of ageing cover different aspects of the ageing process, but do not address crucial issues regarding the attitudes and structure of good nursing care. These theories provide no clear guidance on how to care for older people and how to support them in their ageing process. However, the analysis did show that the theories contain underlying values that influence society and staff as regards their views on the ageing process and how care of older people should be carried out. Nursing interventions to support ageing will be quite different depending on the theoretical perspective taken by nurses. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to translate the ageing theories into guidelines, so that staff in gerontological care will have tools to use in practice irrespective of which theoretical perspective they choose to use in care. This could also promote care that is tailored to each individual older person.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

Knowledge of and attitude toward patient confidentiality within three family medicine teaching units.

PURPOSE: To describe the knowledge and attitudes about confidentiality issues within family medicine teaching units (FMUs) at McGill University. METHOD: The authors surveyed McGill University FMU staff (physicians, nurses, and support staff) on their knowledge of and attitudes toward confidentiality issues. RESULTS: The response rate was 84%. Only one of nine questions on confidentiality laws was correctly answered by more than 80% of the respondents. Only 55% of the support staff knew that police are not permitted free access to charts, although the majority of those who answered incorrectly held attitudes that were consistent with the law. Only approximately 25% knew that physicians and nurses are not permitted free access to any medical record within the center. There were minimal differences between the professions or between the FMUs. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that FMU staff do not fully understand their obligations towards patient confidentiality.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

Professional competence: factors described by nurses as influencing their development.

AIM: To discuss the results of a study that explored factors that may influence competence development. BACKGROUND: Competence, a controversial issue in health care settings, affects many aspects of the nursing profession, including education, practice and management. Although a number of research and discussion papers have explored the issue, in particular the meaning and assessment of nursing competence, to date little research has explored factors identified by nurses themselves as influencing their development of professional competence. METHODS: A purposive sample of 27 registered nurses was recruited from two university-affiliated hospitals. Data collection was by tape-recorded semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed according to the qualitative methodology of content analysis. FINDINGS: Six descriptive categories were identified from the data: experience, opportunities, environment, personal characteristics, motivation and theoretical knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the factors influencing the process of developing professional competence in nursing extend across personal and extra-personal domains. An understanding of these factors may enhance the ability of nursing managers and educators to enable student and qualified nurses to pursue effective competency development pathways to prepare them to provide a high standard of care. These findings, which may have important implications for nursing practice, management and education, are being further tested in a larger study.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

Areas of intervention for genetic counselling of dementia: cross-cultural comparison between Italians and Americans.

OBJECTIVE: Purposes of this study are: (1) to evaluate attitudes, beliefs and experiences towards dementia among relatives of Italian familial cases; (2) to perform a cross-cultural comparison between Italian and American samples; (3) to identify predictors of intentions to undergo hypothetical genetic testing. METHODS: Participants were 134 relatives of patients affected by familial forms of dementia. We administered tests measuring health psychological styles, social variables, illness perceptions, intentions regarding genetic testing, and perceptions of the pros and cons of genetic testing. RESULTS: Respondents had a poor Alzheimer's disease knowledge and a low perceived dementia threat. When compared to Americans, Italians reported greater willingness to undergo genetic testing and perceived a different subset of benefits and risks. The strongest predictors of test intention were decisional balance, homemaker status and two beliefs concerning dementia causes. CONCLUSIONS: Italians had a poor knowledge of the disease and a low awareness of personal risk of developing dementia. As compared to Americans, they expressed higher intentions to undergo genetic testing and they have a different perception of benefits and risks. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Understanding of cultural differences in knowledge, attitudes and perception of the disease is important to design optimal health services and education programs for dementia.

Adult↗