PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Life Style”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The hemoglobin system of Pleuragramma antarcticum: correlation of hematological and biochemical adaptations with life style.

The hematological properties and the oxygen-transport system of the antarctic fish Pleuragramma antarcticum were investigated. Most blood parameters are at the lower end of the range of values known for red-blooded antarctic fish, suggesting a link with the sluggish mode of life of this species. P. antarcticum is the only species of the family Nototheniidae and of the suborder Notothenioidei having three major hemoglobins, which were isolated and fully characterized. The complete amino acid sequence of the alpha- and beta-globin chains was determined. The three hemoglobins showed strong Bohr and Root effects, and their oxygen-binding properties were differently regulated by temperature. None of the three hemoglobins of P. antarcticum can be considered as evolutionary (or larval) remnants. Therefore, this oxygen-transport system is one of the most specialized ever found in fish. The data suggest a strong relationship between hematological/biochemical adaptation and life style.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of demographic, life-style, and stress variables to blood pressure in adolescents.

The relationship of selected predictor variables to blood pressures of freshman students (N = 323) attending rural, urban, and suburban high schools was examined. Independent variables included 7 anthropometric and demographic factors, 10 life-style factors, and 38 stress factors. Significant predictors of higher systolic pressure in the regression analysis were age, gender, body mass index, and urban residence. Urban subjects also had poorer health habits. Significant predictors of diastolic pressure were body mass index, smoking, and lack of regular exercise. Gender differences in amount and types of stressors were independent of geographic location. Males and females exhibited different dietary and exercise patterns; males exercised more, but had less healthy eating habits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Maternal bonding and a healthy life style during pregnancy].

Maternal bonding in pregnancy appears to be an important factor, which may influence psychical and physical development of the child both before and after the birth. One of the significant determining factors of such influence is change in the general life style of the pregnant woman, which correspond with the strength of the maternal bonding. The study brings information on the basis of an empirical research, which was done, in ninetieths at a Research Institute of the Child Health in Brno. The investigated group comprised of 481 pregnant women who were all living in Brno. Results of our research bring the information about relations between the strength of maternal bonding and occupational position of the pregnant women, intensity of working activities and the way of spending their leisure time. Beside it, out research informs about some health risk activities in pregnancy and their relations to the formation of the emotional bonding towards unborn child.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1993

Blood pressure and life style in the People's Republic of China: three samples in the INTERSALT Study.

In INTERSALT, the International Cooperative Study on Electrolytes and Blood Pressure, three centres located in the People's Republic of China (PRC) had distinctive patterns of BP and of life style variables that, in INTERSALT overall, were found to relate to BP. The PRC centres had low body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption but high urinary sodium and sodium/potassium ratio (Na/K). Compared with 45 other INTERSALT centres, average BMI was 22.7 vs. 25.4 and alcohol consumption was 32% vs. 61%, with heavy drinking 3% vs. 14%. However, Na/K in the PRC was 6.7 vs. 3.2 in the other centres. This combination of factors may underlie the BP pattern observed. While mean BP in the PRC was lower than in the 45 centres (-7.0 mmHg SBP, -5.6 mmHg for DBP), this was counterbalanced by other findings. Upward slope of systolic pressure with age was 45% greater for the PRC than the other centres and 24% greater for diastolic pressure. As a result, although percentage hypertensive for ages 20-49 years for the PRC was half that in the 45 centres (6% vs. 12%), by age 50-59 years the prevalence was 31% in the PRC and 38% in the other centres. Hypertension prevalence in Tianjin, with highest Na/K in INTERSALT (7.6) was 40% for ages 50-59 years. While sample size in individual centres does not provide power to demonstrate aetiological relationships, these findings permit formulation of the following hypothesis: although lower body mass and lower alcohol intake may counteract to some degree impact of high salt intake, such intake over decades eventually takes its toll on BP.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Working with problems of assault to self-image and life-style.

This paper defines two groups of patients in general hospitals who require special attention to the social and emotional components of their illnesses: those patients who experience assaults to self-image and those patients who must make basic changes in their life-style. These two groups comprise a large segment of the adult patient population found in medical and surgical services of the general hospital. The emotional reactions of patients and family members to the process of illness and its treatment by surgery and prescribed regimen are examined. Although therapeutic intervention is the shared responsibility of all health care practitioners, the social worker is particularly equipped to deal with these attitudes and reactions. Methods of social work intervention useful to both groups of patients during hospitalization are discussed. The author urges greater utilization of therapeutic milieu concepts in medical and surgical services and identifies the role of the social worker in fostering this.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence of volatile solvent inhalation among junior high school students in Japan and background life style of users.

In order to estimate the prevalence of volatile solvent inhalation among junior high school students in Japan and to assess certain characteristics of the lifestyle of these users, the authors surveyed 5240 students 12-15 years of age. This was the first major survey of the prevalence of volatile solvent inhalation among junior high school students in Japan, from the point of view of the number of subjects and schools. 1.5% of subjects were students who had inhaled solvents. The regularity of life style rhythm was more significantly disturbed in Lifetime Users than in Non-Users. School life and family life were significantly less relaxed for Lifetime Users than for Non-Users. Drinking alcohol and smoking had a strong relationship with inhaling volatile solvents. The authors suggest that greatly increasing education on the harmful effects of volatile solvents inhalation and increasing the frequency with which the entire family eats dinner together will be an effective prevention strategy in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Aging-related physical and life style changes in the patients with reflux esophagitis].

Incidence of reflux esophagitis(RE) has increased over the past 10 years in Japan, where aging of the population is rapidly progressing. The majority(73.6%) of the patients with RE consisted of non-elderly males having life style problems and of elderly females suffering from posture alterations. This suggested the importance of the disease onset among elderly female population in addition to that of the non-elderly male population. The risk factors specific to the elderly patients include not only persistent acid secretion and presbyesophagus, but also complication with orthopedic regression diseases with posture changes and osteoporosis. The association with the latter orthopedic regression diseases has been significantly increasing and is suggested to promote development of RE. Further increase in the prevalence of RE is foreseen in this aging-accelerating country.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Life style intervention in general practice: effects on psychological well-being and patient satisfaction.

The objectives of this study were to: (1) study if an opportunistic screening of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors among male attenders in general practice (GP) influenced the overall subjective satisfaction with life of persons labelled 'high risk' compared to other screened persons; (2) compare psychological well-being and patient satisfaction in a patient centred and self-directive (PCSD) intervention with conventional care (CC); and (3) evaluate patient satisfaction and psychological well-being among subjects with high CHD risk during a one year intervention study. Effects of 'labelling' were evaluated in 115 subjects with high CHD risk in comparison with a low risk reference population. The 22 participating GP centres were randomly allocated to follow either a PCSD intervention or a CC approach. An overall satisfaction with life question was employed and psychological well-being were measured using the General Health Questionnaire (20 item version). Satisfaction measures on health care aspects were also included. No difference of change between the high risk and the reference population was found concerning satisfaction with life after screening. No significant difference of change was found within or between the PCSD and the CC group concerning emotional well-being or overall satisfaction with life during one year intervention. Satisfaction with the care received was significantly better in the CC group as compared with the PCSD group (p = 0.02). Satisfaction with own efforts for improving health was, however, more pronounced in the PCSD group (p = 0.01). A substantial number (n = 61) of the participants reported distaste of being reminded of the risk of heart disease and no more than 60 of the participants were satisfied with their own efforts for improving health. Although no significant change of satisfaction with life and emotional well-being due to screening or intervention could be detected, clinicians should be aware that encouraging patients to change life style may lead to patients' annoyance of being reminded of the risk of disease and dissatisfaction with their own efforts. Increasing patient responsibility and self-determination may improve their satisfaction with their own efforts, but reduce satisfaction with medical care.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

Some psychosocial aspects of nonlethal chondrodysplasias: I. Assessment using a Life-Styles Questionnaire.

Studies concerning the psychosocial aspects of skeletal dysplasias that cause disproportionate short stature have been few and have usually involved small numbers of patients. As part of a study involving patients with chondrodysplasias and their families, an assessment battery of standardised instruments designed to measure depression, anxiety, self-esteem, personal support networks, marital adjustment, and family structure were completed by patients and, in many cases, their sibs, spouses, and/or parents. This first in a series of six papers reports the results of a Life-Styles Questionnaire which provides some insights into the levels of satisfaction with various aspects of life, including friendships, employment, the use of some substances and services, and the impact of the skeletal dysplasia on career, marriage, and childbearing. Results are presented for patients and the unaffected parents of patients. Overall, the study has shown a high level of satisfaction with many aspects of life. However, there are important differences in attitudes between the married and unmarried patients, and in some cases the unaffected parents, in a number of areas including health, overall satisfaction with life, and concerns surrounding child bearing and employment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Greek centenarians: assessment of functional health status and life-style characteristics.

Centenarians represent an intriguing model for ageing studies, since they demonstrate extreme longevity by definition, and at the same time a proportion of them have aged successfully. Here, we present data from the first nationwide study on Greek centenarians concerning their functional health status and life-style characteristics. We have identified 489 individuals (77% women) born in 1900 or before who were still alive between the years 2000 and 2002. Socio-demographic characteristics, activities of daily living (ADLs), living conditions, dependence on other people, former and current diseases and health disorders, current medication, nutrition and personal habits were recorded for every subject. Interestingly, only 2% of Greek centenarians lived in nursing homes, while the majority lived with their family or relatives. Furthermore, 6% were free from severe health disorders, autonomous (based on simple criteria for ADLs) and also leading an active social life, and hence may be considered as being in optimal condition. This group of centenarians may serve as a valuable source of information on genetic, environmental, and psychosocial determinants of successful ageing.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

How to reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. Teaching patients a healthy life-style.

Studies have proven beyond doubt that certain behaviors (smoking, inactivity) and conditions (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia) increase the risk of coronary artery disease. In many cases, the risk can be reduced dramatically with nonpharmacologic methods, but if needed, effective medications are available. First, however, patients at risk must be identified and educated about the importance of adopting a healthy life-style. The authors address all of these issues.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Relationship between regular exercise and life style, social network, education and subjective symptoms in Japanese middle aged and elderly residents].

OBJECT AND METHODS: A community-based survey of 12,630 residents of Gunma Prefecture aged 40 to 69 years was conducted to investigate the relationship between the habit of regular exercise and life style, social network, and subjective physical and mental symptoms in particular. The subjective physical and mental symptoms were measured using the Todai Health Index (THI). The response rate was 91.6%. A total of 6,736 responses were analyzed after excluding respondents with chronic diseases from the analysis. On the question about the habit of regular exercise ("Do you exercise regularly?"), the responses were divided into three categories: 1. Often, 2. Sometimes, 3. Hardly ever or Never. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results are summarized as follows: 1. The proportions of residents who exercise "often" were 14.2% and 11.1% for males and females, respectively, while those of "hardly ever or never" were 52.3% and 59.4% for males and females, respectively. More males than females had the habit of regular exercise. Respondents were divided into three age categories: 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years. Among the female respondents, it was shown that the older the age category the greater the habit of regular exercise. 2. Both male and female respondents who had regular exercise habits scored significantly lower on the THI scales for vague complaints, depression, and irregularity of life, while they scored higher on the aggression and lie (social desirability) scales. 3. Both male and female respondents who had regular exercise habits also tended to have be better perceived health and social networking, i.e. having close friends, having a hobby and involvement in community social activities, as well as taking care of pets. This group also had a higher average education level and less of a smoking habit. This study suggests that regular exercise habit correlates not only with physical health and fitness levels but with mental health status as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Life-style and cancer prevention. Activities of the Department of Cancer Prevention, Osaka Cancer Prevention and Detection Center].

The role of the Department of Cancer Prevention, Osaka Cancer Prevention and Detection Center which was established in 1987 is to conduct practical research works in the area of primary prevention of cancer through life-style modification. We have so far examined the applicability and efficacy of such tools as population-based smoking cessation contest, nicotine gum, health risk appraisal and "Know Your Body" program. The outline of our activities and future plans are introduced.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2002

Reliability of reporting on life-style and agricultural factors by a sample of participants in the Agricultural Health Study from Iowa.

Repeat interviews from 4,088 Iowa pesticide applicators participating in the Agricultural Health Study provided the opportunity to evaluate the reliability of self-reported information on pesticide use and various demographic and life-style factors. Self-completed questionnaires were administered 1 year apart when participants returned to county agricultural extension offices for pesticide certification or training. Percentage agreement for ever-/never-use of specific pesticides and application practices was quite high, generally ranging from 70% to more than 90%, and did not vary by age, educational level, or farm size. Agreement was lower (typically 50-60%) for duration, frequency, or decade of first use of specific pesticides. Level of agreement regarding pesticide use in this population is similar to that generally found for factors typically used in epidemiologic studies such as tobacco use and higher than typically reported for diet, physical activity, and medical conditions.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1991

Life-style: marital status, education, living situation, social contacts, personal habits (smoking, drinking). Euronut SENECA investigators.

Data on marital status, living conditions and social contacts of 2586 elderly persons living in 19 towns from 12 European countries, who were born between 1913 and 1918, and who participated in the Euronut SENECA study on Nutrition of the Elderly in Europe, reflect on the whole a high quality of life in the elderly population of these small traditional European towns. Housing offers adequate comfort in general and many elderly people have access to gardens. In most survey towns the majority of men and women of this age group have at least one child within the town or nearer. In some of the southern and eastern towns 40% or more live with their children. In most survey towns 30-50% of the women live alone (more than 50% in the Danish and Norwegian towns Roskilde and Elverum) but in general social nets are strong enough to prevent the danger of acute isolation. But in four towns (Roskilde/Denmark, Chateau Renault-Amboise/France, Elverum/Norway and Padua/Italy) 10-13% of all women lived alone and did not know a neighbour well enough to call on for help. In three towns (Monor/Hungary, Vila Franca de Xira/Portugal and Marki/Poland) social contacts were distinctly less frequent than in all other towns and participation in community activities virtually non-existent. These were the same towns in which substantial groups reported food budgeting problems. Danger of isolation, however, seemed to be rather low. A high intensity of social contacts and no danger of acute isolation in spite of relatively few available children was noted in the German-speaking town of Switzerland (Burgdorf). Further analyses will have to test whether food consumption or nutritional status is related to any of the studied life-style factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of life style and health practices between the subjects of occupational health services and those of community health services].

A questionnaire was mailed to a total of 3,889 residents 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65 years of age living in 11 municipalities of Hida district, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, to inquire about their life style and health practices. Of the 3,889 residents, 2,919 (75.1%) responded to the questionnaire. They were divided into two groups for comparison; the subjects of occupational health services and those of community health services. The subjects of occupational health services at ages 40-55 showed lighter daily physical activity level than those of community health services. However, the subjects at ages 60 and 65 showed equally heavy daily physical activity level in two groups, which indicates that the subjects of occupational health services aged 60 and 65 years are engaged in heavier job at worksite and home. The prevalence of self-rated stress tended to be higher in the subjects of occupational health services. The mean health practice scores tended to be higher for the subjects of occupational health services than for those of community health services at ages 40-55. The percentage of people who had examinations for circulatory diseases were higher among the subjects of occupational health services at ages 40-60 compared with those for the subjects of community health services. Many of the subjects of occupational health services receiving an examination for stomach cancer had obtained the examination service at municipalities provided by local governments. The subjects of occupational health services generally showed superior attitudes toward health care, which suggests that health management for the former is more easily approached than the latter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Activities of Daily Living↗