[Action of different mouthwash solutions on infection rate of gingiva --study with army recruits].
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This paper presents the reliability of the "BAC-values" (AAKB) at the application and consumption of substances of daily usage, ascertained with the help of the "Alcomat". Hereby it was found that especially at the application of preparations for the mouth- and throat-hygiene like toilet lotion values of max. 0.30% had to be taken into consideration, even if there was no "alimentary" alcohol existing in the blood.
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In a short-term longitudinal study the authors intended to compare the effectiveness in controlling plaque formation and gingival inflammation of a 1% chlorhexidine gel to the one of a 0.2% chlorhexidine solution. The gel, used once a day, resulted as good as the chlorhexidine solution, but showed a localized activity.
The influence of 0.5% zinc chloride mouth rinsings on the number and vitality of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leucocytes in the sulcus fluid has been examined in comparison with selected clinical indices in 6 healthy probands during a 10 day plaque accumulation phase. The development of an experimental gingivitis could be suppressed significantly by the drug. The evidence has been the course of clinical inflammation parameter and the leucocytes activity. Only a slight inhibition of plaque formation could be identified in the first days of the study.
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The effects of a program of 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthrinse was studied on diabetic adult patients with periodontal disease. The experimental group consisted of 19 diabetic patients on the chlorhexidine regime, while the control group of 21 patients used a placebo mouthrinse. The effects were measured utilizing the plaque index, gingival index and pocket depths. The results showed a significant improvement in gingival inflammation and pockets depths in the experimental (chlorhexidine) group.
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Several brands of anticalculus dentifrices and mouthrinses claim to reduce the formation of supragingival calculus. These products contain soluble pyrophosphates (with or without Gantrez), zinc citrate trihydrate or zinc chloride which reduce the amount of supragingival but not subgingival calculus after a scaling. Most of the clinical anticalculus trials ran for 3 or 6 months and the calculus reductions were assessed using the Volpe-Manhold Index. This index assesses the coronal extension of supragingival calculus. Calculus reductions varied from 9% to 50% but no plaque scores were quantitated. However, the ADA has stipulated that dentifrices claiming anticalculus effects must clearly state that the products have not therapeutic effect on periodontal diseases. Some of the placebo dentifrices used in the clinical trials also reduced the calculus scores although they are not as yet advertised as anticalculus dentifrices.
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The results obtained in a short-term longitudinal study suggest that sanguinarine mouthrinses are less effective in plaque control than those containing chlorhexidine. It is concluded that the real clinical effectiveness of sanguinarine mouthrinses has to be further studied in clinical trials.
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