Variation in resistance to herpes simplex virus type 1 of oligodendrocytes derived from inbred strains of mice.
Primary oligodendrocyte (OL) cultures from three inbred strains of mice with known differences in resistance to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in vivo (A/J, susceptible; BALB/cByJ, moderately resistant; C57BL/6J, resistant), also display a similar pattern of resistance in vitro. The nature of the in vitro resistance at the cellular level was investigated. Virus production at different m.o.i.s indicated that the differences in HSV-1 replication are m.o.i.-dependent. Overall, virus yield from the OL cultures infected at a multiplicity of 1 increased 48 h post-infection (p.i.); no additional enhancement occurred 72 h p.i. However, the difference in the replication capacity of the three OL cultures observed at 24 h p.i. persisted at 48 and 72 h p.i. Serial electron microscopy studies on infected OL cultures derived from the different murine strains suggested that the resistance to HSV-1 infection occurs at different stages during the replicative cycle. Virus was detected at the nuclear membrane 5 min p.i. in A/J cells, but was not observed until 120 min p.i. in BALB/cByJ cells, whereas virus could not be detected at the nuclear membrane of C57BL/6J cells, even at 24 h p.i. Virus adsorption, determined by assay of residual non-adsorbed virus infectivity and cell-associated, radiolabelled HSV-1, did not differ in the OL cultures. The cumulative data suggest that A/J cells display the same replication pattern as permissive CV-1 cells, whereas the major replicative blocks in the other two murine strains occur at the level of the cytoplasmic membrane in C57BL/6J OLs, and at the level of the nuclear membrane in BALB/cByJ cells.