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PubMed2006

Outcomes from the Mount Sinai Social Work Leadership Enhancement Program: Evaluation and extrapolation.

This article presents an overview of outcomes from the Mount Sinai Leadership Enhancement Program as identified by previous program participants from Melbourne, Australia. These are categorised into: (1) Personal/professional, (2) Intra-organisational, (3) Interorganisational, and (4) International outcomes. Two illustrative examples are provided of international outcomes demonstrating how the ongoing commitment of Professor Epstein has extended and embedded the principles of practice-based research in Melbourne, and how the over-riding principles of the program have been applied by participants in establishing collaborative relationships with colleagues in our neighbouring South-East Asian region.

Australia↗
PubMed1983

Program evaluation in epilepsy rehabilitation.

The Vocational Services Program of the University of Washington Regional Epilepsy Center is described, and data relating to the first 106 clients who entered the program are examined. A major emphasis of the study was characteristic differences between those clients later competitively employed and program dropouts. Other study purposes related to examining client satisfaction ratings of different aspects of services and establishing whether a relationship existed between seizure occurrences and job loss. Stepwise discriminant function analysis indicated that "months employed in the last 24" appeared to be the stable discriminator between the employed and dropout groups. The group later employed averaged 12 of the prior 24 months in employment, whereas dropouts approximated 7. Associated psychiatric/addictions treatment was initially a key outcome discriminator, but it did not hold up on cross-validation. Subjects were more satisfied with individualized client services (e.g., counseling sessions) than with group activities (e.g., Job Club). As opposed to seizures, emotional/attitudinal difficulties with this rehabilitation population appeared to be the primary reason for job loss. A work adjustment or job station program can be critical for these individuals and others with neurological impairments. The importance of counselor follow-up after the initial job placement is also underscored. This program, with about half of its clients entering unsubsidized jobs, basically replicated the results of other community-oriented epilepsy rehabilitation programs.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2004

Distance assisted training in sub-Saharan Africa: a program evaluation.

Technologists working in nuclear medicine departments in sub-Saharan African countries do not have access to formal training in nuclear medicine and have been recruited mostly from related fields of radiologic technology. Because of the nature of the specialty, the numbers that require training are small, and it is therefore not cost-effective for higher-education institutions in these countries to set up training programs. There is also a lack of expertise in this field in Africa. Assessing the feasibility of running a distance assisted training program to provide training where none exists was undertaken as part of a project sponsored by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the African Co-Operative Agreement for Research, Development, and Training related to Nuclear Science and Technology. Seven countries were nominated, but only 3 centers in 2 countries, Sudan and Tanzania, had the infrastructure to support training. Twenty-one students received the first modules in November 1999, and 13 completed the course in December 2001. All students except one were examined in their own departments. Students received an IAEA Certificate of Achievement at the end of the course, at which time the program was evaluated. Analysis of the data indicated that the conceptualization and design of the material were excellent. There were, however, some problems with the implementation of the program, notably the lack of preparedness of the supervisors, limited departmental resources, and a range of nuclear medicine investigations inadequate for clinical competency. The course was seen to have a positive impact, as it not only allowed technologists to develop skills necessary for the profession but also encouraged critical thinking, reflection, and problem solving. One third of untrained nuclear medicine technologists working in sub-Saharan Africa have now received cost-effective, structured on-site training.

Africa South of the Sahara↗
PubMed2004

Mectizan Donation Program: evaluation of a public-private partnership.

The Mectizan Donation Program (MDP) has been perceived as a highly effective public health programme, and as a possible model for addressing future problems in international health. This evaluation examines how the MDP partnership has been functioning from the perspectives of partner organizations. The results of a survey of 25 partners show that the perceived benefits far outweigh the problems, and that the direct costs to the organizations have been minimal. The partnership is rated highly on many aspects of governance and management, with relatively few problems identified. A factor analysis demonstrated that a wide range of factors have influenced the partners' perceptions. The benefits with the largest weights appear to be those related to external perceptions of the organization, and those indicating that the organization feels that its opinions will matter and lead to action in the partnership. The biggest factors influencing the positive perceptions on the governance and management of the MDP partnership appear to be the involvement of senior leaders from different organizations, and being able to agree on priorities. The MDP has been able to involve a large and heterogeneous number of partner organizations through relatively informal mechanisms that rely on goodwill and reciprocity. The survey results show how there was a strong alignment of the MDP with the interests of the various partners, and that a manageable number of problems were addressed and services provided. While having long-term goals, the MDP and the onchocerciasis control programmes have been effective at demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach through regular, professional, and outcome-oriented evaluations. Although the MDP is considered to be central to concerns of national officials, this feature is not rated as high as public perceptions, the internal characteristics of the partnership, or its accomplishments. Similarly, the need to secure resources is not viewed as a major determinant of the partnership's success, perhaps because resources were readily available through Merck and the partner organizations and programmes. These findings, along with the strategic and operational success of the MDP confirm the view that this type of public-private partnership should be pursued vigorously in other areas of public health. Other potential partnerships would do well to examine the characteristics of the MDP partnership, with careful attention to the features of its governance and the management, including a strong alignment of interests with partners, balancing a long-term vision with clarity of roles and intensive management of coordination, and professional and results-oriented accountability.

Developing Countries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Innovative solution: Mentor program: evaluation, change, and challenges.

Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center is a level 1 tertiary teaching facility in the southwestern United States. The center developed an 18-month registered nurse mentoring program. The program, now in its third year, is revisited looking at the evaluation of retention, program challenges, and change.

Arizona↗
PubMed2006

Evaluating program effectiveness using the regression point displacement design.

Most health care initiatives are evaluated using observational study designs in lieu of randomized controlled trials (RCT) due primarily to resource limitations. However, although observational studies are less expensive to implement and evaluate, they are also more problematic in determining causality than the RCT. This trade off is most apparent in the initial planning stage of program development. An RCT is generally preferred though the cost of implementing a pilot program using the RCT might outstrip the potential benefit if the desired results are not obtained. This article describes a simple quasi-experimental model called the regression point displacement (RPD) design, which compares the prepost results of a single or multiple treatment groups to that of a control population. This design has shown great potential in evaluating health care pilot programs or demonstration projects-especially those that are community based-due to its relative ease of implementation and low cost of analysis.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Continuing education program evaluation for course improvement, participant effect and utilization in clinical practice.

An evaluation of a single continuing education (CE) program was conducted by the presenter to assess impact of the offering and gather information for course improvement. The purpose of this evaluation was to document if and to what extent the learners attained the program's objectives and also to systematically examine the program to see how it might be improved. The third purpose was to document if participants' interest was stimulated by the program and if they actually used the information in clinical practice or at least found it helpful. Fifty-five nurses participated in completing a pretest and posttest, reactionnaire at the conclusion of the program and follow-up questionnaire. Participants made significantly (p less than .05) better scores on the posttests as compared to the pretest. On the evaluation form, 98% of the nurses responded that they had learned new facts, and 75% indicated that information was moderately new. In addition, a slight majority (58%) responded that they changed their beliefs about assertiveness. Of returned follow-up questionnaires, 95% told others about the program, and 59% read articles. All nurses indicated they had found the information useful, and 87% had actually used the information in clinical practice. This study documents a method for CE administrators and educators to evaluate the impact of CE and provide information for course improvement. The evaluation supports the program's worth. Participants benefited in terms of knowledge and interest. In addition, program strengths/weaknesses were identified.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physical workload demands: the combined use of 2 evaluation programs].

A computerized methodology is presented for the "on-site" evaluation of work-related physical activities in industrial plant workers. Subjects were videotaped during the activities while heart rate and subjective perception of effort were monitored. The videorecordings were then analyzed with two appropriate software, in order to identify activities at high risk for musculoskeletal injuries ("Vision 3000" program, Promatek Ltd., Montreal) and to evaluate energy expenditure ("Energy" program, University of Michigan). Validation of the energy expenditure indirect analysis system was done by monitoring oxygen consumption (VO2) with a portable telemetric oxygen uptake analyzer ("K2", Cosmed, Rome). No statistically significant differences were found between direct measurements of VO2 and laboratory-derived estimates of energy consumption. The utilization of these two software provides a fast and reliable profile of job requirements and associated risks of musculoskeletal injury.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1997

[The evaluative cycle of the process of an overall geriatric evaluation program at a health center].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the procedures in an Elderly Persons' Care programme. DESIGN: A complete evaluative cycle of the care process, with an analysis phase and a phase to implement corrective measures. SETTING: Primary care. Ortuella (Bizkaia) Health Centre. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: Data on the first 50% on the list of residents over 75 in Ortuella were analysed in this evaluation (n = 249). Residents in elderly people's homes, people passing through and who had recently moved were excluded. In the re-evaluation all those still to be evaluated were analysed once corrective measures had been implemented (n = 81). INTERVENTIONS: After analysis of the first phase, corrective measures were applied, and both the coverage and the correct performance of activities generated in the development of the programme were re-evaluated. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There was similar coverage (72.3 to 66.7%). There was improvement in registration (76.9 to 90.7%), long-treatment card (60 to 85.7%), medicines (42.9 to 75%) and nutritional habits (46.1 to 57.1%). Action taken on visual (93.1 to 75%) and hearing (76 to 71.4%) pathologies deteriorated. CONCLUSIONS: The programme's procedures improved with simple corrective measures (a session concerning proper recording of the history and how to follow the protocol; professionals who controlled registration and coverage). A proper record was important.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Program evaluation.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Certification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Economic gains of a home fortification program: evaluation of "Sprinkles" from the provider's perspective.

INTRODUCTION: This paper models the effects of a home-fortification program (using Sprinkles which contain zinc and iron and other micronutrients), in Pakistan, a country with high levels of infant mortality, anemia, and diarrhea. It uses the results of randomized trials of the effect of Sprinkles on anemia and on longitudinal prevalence of diarrhea. METHODS: Based on previous literature, the effect of Sprinkles on intermediate outcomes (diarrhea and anemia) is linked to longer-term outcomes (infant and young child mortality, and cognitive achievement and hence adult wages). Three different measures of cost effectiveness are presented: the cost per death averted (effect via zinc supplementation on reduction of longitudinal prevalence of diarrhea); the cost per 'disability adjusted life year' (DALY) saved (same modality); and the gain in earnings due to higher cognitive functioning for each dollar spent (effect via iron supplementation on reduced anemia). RESULTS: We estimated that the cost per death averted is dollars406 (dollars273-dollars3248), the cost per DALY saved is dollars12.2 (dollars8-dollars97) and the present value of the gain in earnings is dollars37 (dollars18-dollars51) for each dollar spent on the Sprinkles program. These estimates were developed for a low-income country (GDP per capita = dollars417) with a high infant mortality rate (IMR = 83/1000), high prevalence of anemia (93%), and high mean longitudinal prevalence of diarrhea (17%). DISCUSSION: These outcomes are particularly favourable in Pakistan. The outcomes are more favourable when used with children 6-12 months. Further longer-run field trials of Sprinkles with larger populations would be helpful.

Anemia↗
PubMed2005

The effect of a campus-community environmental alcohol prevention initiative on student drinking and driving: results from the "a matter of degree" program evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: Motor vehicle crashes involving alcohol are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among college students in the United States. This study evaluates the effect on drinking and driving outcomes of the "A Matter of Degree" program, a campus-community coalition initiative to reduce college binge drinking. METHODS: We used a quasi-experimental longitudinal study design that compared student responses at 10 colleges participating in the program and students attending 32 similar colleges that did not participate in the program. We also divided the program sites into two groups of five according to their level of program implementation and compared each with the non-program colleges. We examined driving after any alcohol consumption and driving after five or more drinks among drinkers who drove one or more times a week per month and riding with a high or drunk driver among all students at these colleges beginning in 1997 through 2001. Outcomes were based on data collected from repeated cross-sectional surveys using the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study. Analyses were conducted using MLwiN multilevel statistical software. RESULTS: We found significant reductions in driving after drinking, driving after five or more drinks and riding with a high or drunk driver at the program colleges relative to the comparison colleges. Further analyses indicated that these reductions among the AMOD program colleges occurred at the sites with high program implementation relative to comparison sites, while no statistically significant change was noted at the program sites with low implementation. The program effect on the two drinking and driving outcomes appeared to be mediated by frequent binge drinking, while significant decline in the riding with an intoxicated driver outcome was not mediated by the individual's drinking. CONCLUSIONS: Campus-community based environmental alcohol prevention is a promising approach for reducing alcohol-impaired motor vehicle crashes among this population.

Adult↗