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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The immunological monitoring of patients with acute radiation sickness 12 to 36 months after the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

Immunoassays of the 1st and 2nd levels were investigated in patients with acute radiation disease 12-36 mos. after irradiation. A decrease in the level of helper/inducer T-lymphocytes, a tendency to a decrease in the number of suppressors and an increase in the number of theophylline-stimulated T-cells in patients with acute radiation disease of the 3rd degree were observed. Control of the immune status of this group of patients is recommended.

Accidents↗
PubMed1986

[Immunologic methods for assessing neurotoxic and neuro-radiation effects in acute human radiation sickness].

A study was made of a possibility to use immunological methods (the leucocyte migration inhibition test, leukergia reaction, the test of the cold fixation of the complement with cerebral antigen) for the assessment of neurotoxic and neuroradiation effects in total therapeutic irradiation of man at a dose of 10 Gy with preceding polychemotherapy. A rapid development of agranulocytosis made cellular reactions impossible. The above effects could be assessed using humoral specific immunological reactions. A possible role of anticerebral antibodies in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders was discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Effects of radiofrequency radiation on rabbit kidney: a morphological and immunological study.

The histopathology of the acute and chronic kidney reaction to low-frequency nonionizing electromagnetic radiation was evaluated in New Zealand white rabbits treated with multiple exposure to 27.12-MHz radiofrequencies. At the end of treatment, the animals exhibited focal tubular necrosis and focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis which in a few months evolved into a membranous nephropathy. The latter was characterized by a diffuse, granular localization of rabbit gamma-globulin and complement in most glomeruli and by electron-dense deposits in the subepithelial zone of the glomerular capillary walls, suggesting that these glomerular changes are induced by the localization of antigen-antibody complexes. The data obtained provide strong evidence for the potential nephrotoxicity of radiofrequency radiation and indicate that these nonionizing types of radiation may be capable of eliciting autoimmune phenomena that are likely responsible for the evolution of renal disease in rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Immediate and long-term effects of radiation on the immune system of specific-pathogen-free mice.

Studies on the immediate and long-term effects of radiation on the immune system of specific-pathogen-free mice are summarized in this paper. There was a striking difference in the radiation response of lymphocyte subsets; B cells consist of a fairly radiosensitive homogeneous population, whereas T cells consist of a large percentage (greater than 90 per cent) of radiosensitive and a small percentage (less than 10 per cent) of extremely radioresistant subpopulations. Ly 1+ and Ly 2+ lymphocytes appear equally radiosensitive, although the percentage of radioresistant cells was slightly larger for the former (approximately 5.5 per cent) than the latter (approximately 2.5 per cent). There was a significant strain difference in the radiosensitivity of immune-response potential in mice; immunocompetent cells of C3H mice were more radioresistant than those of BALB/c, C57BL/6, and B10.BR mice. Studies on the long-term effect of radiation on immune system in mice indicated no evidence for accelerated ageing of the immunologic functions when radiation exposure was given to young adults. Preliminary results on the enhancing effect of low dose radiation on cytotoxic T cell response in vitro are also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Alan Frederick Williams 25 May 1945 - 9 April 1992.

Alan WIlliams is noted for his seminal contributions to the field of leucocyte membrane glycoproteins (that is, differentiation antigens). He played a leading role in the development of approaches to the purification and structural analysis of cell surface antigens. His comprehensive characterization of the structure of the rat Thy-1 antigen, as well as the application of monoclonal antibodies to the designation and subsequent isolation of multiple new leucocyte antigens, were exemplary. His discovery that Thy-1 is structurally related to immunoglobulin led directly to the concept of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, which embraced a spectrum of cell surface molecules involved in a variety of cell recognition systems. He was a very strong advocate in support of the rat as a model animal in the study of immunological phenomena. He was energetic and courageous, as well as radiating enthusiasm for immunological research, inspiring others, critically analysing accepted dogmas and setting high standards. In short, he was a brilliant research scientist.

Allergy and Immunology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disorders of immunologic response in mice under prolonged radiation effects and possibilities of their correction with alpha-interferon].

Reduction in effectoral functions of macrophages and natural killers in CBA mice exposed within the 30-km zone of Chernobyl station for 6 months was found. Disturbance in production of regulatory mediators such as IL-1, TNF and interferons, participating in cell immunity was also observed. Single application of alpha-interferon in a dose of 10(3) U/mouse results in partial or full restoring of immune characteristics disturbed.

Accidents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunological reaction of UV-induced radiation damage in coliphage DNA.

Denatured DNA of coliphage T1, poly-dT and dTpT were UV-irradiated (2537 A) and conjugated to methylated bovine serum albumin. These molecules act as haptens after injection into rabbits. Antibodies are predominantly formed against UV-induced cyclobutane-type of cis-synthymine dimers. They belong to the IgG-type of antibody molecules. Antigen-antibody complexes were detected by means of the CsCl-density gradient method. Denaturation of the DNA strongly influences the amount of specific antibodies bound to the antigen. In native DNA thymine dimers are masked concerning their reaction with antibodies. Photoproducts of UV-irradiated dTpT induce a specific production of antibody. Our results indicate that the cyclobutane type of thymine dimers is the relevant antigenic determinant group in UV-irradiated DNA.

Animals↗