SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Temporomandibular joint pain: radiological diagnosis].

Pain in the temporomandibular joint is often the result of internal derangement, other causes are traumatic, functional or inflammatory processes. Conventional radiography is indicated in case of suspected trauma or for specialised preoperative measurements to plan the treatment of various facial dysplasias. MRI and CT should be used in the context with the results of clinical investigation and of axiography to differentiate the various functional and morphological abnormalities of this joint.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1999

Mandibulofacial adaptations in a juvenile animal model of temporomandibular joint arthritis.

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a chronic systemic disease of childhood that affects synovial joints including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Individuals with JRA of the TMJ frequently show aberrations in mandibulofacial development. Since the basis for these developmental perturbations is poorly understood, they remain a perplexing clinical problem to manage. To begin dissecting the mechanisms for altered craniofacial development in JRA of the TMJ, we characterized the gross morphologic adaptations in the facial skeleton in a juvenile animal model of TMJ arthritis. Arthritis was induced in ten 87-day-old male rabbits by intra-articular challenge with ovalbumin. Eight sham-challenged and 4 unchallenged rabbits were used as controls. Serial lateral head cephalograms, taken at 73 (T1), 87 (T2), 108 (T3), 129 (T4), and 150 (T5) days of age, were evaluated by linear measures of maxillary, mandibular, and posterior dental height dimensions. Differences in the absolute dimensions and relative percent incremental changes were compared by ANOVA and Fisher's test. The body weights, as well as the absolute measures and incremental changes in maxillary and posterior dental height dimensions, were not significantly different between the antigen-challenged and control groups. In contrast, absolute measures of posterior mandibular height, condylar neck height, and total mandibular length were significantly smaller (P < 0.05) in antigen-challenged rabbits than in both control groups at T5. Furthermore, the antigen-challenged rabbits demonstrated significantly smaller (P < 0.05) relative increases in all measures of mandibular length, and in total posterior mandibular and condylar neck heights. Cephalometric superimpositions on the cranial base and tantalum implants confirmed these quantitative observations. This investigation demonstrates mandibulofacial developmental aberrations in experimental JRA-like disease of the TMJ that are similar to those observed in humans with this disease.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed1994

Histopathologic changes of the temporomandibular joint disk in patients with chronic arthritic disease. A comparison with internal derangement.

Histopathologic examination was performed of the disk and the posterior attachment extirpated from 17 temporomandibular joints from 15 patients with chronic arthritic disease. Seven patients had rheumatoid arthritis (including two with juvenile type), five had ankylosing spondylitis, and three had psoriatic arthropathy, which affected more joints than the temporomandibular joint. Specimens removed from 16 temporomandibular joints from 15 patients with internal derangement were used for histopathologic comparison. In both groups of patients, inflammatory changes were observed, but no specific histopathologic signs could distinguish the groups. Patients with chronic arthritic disease seemed to have more pronounced changes of vascular proliferation, perivascular cellular infiltrate, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis throughout the soft tissues. Destruction of the disk was another finding evident in patients with chronic arthritic temporomandibular joint disease; there was no visible disk structure in 8 of these 17 joints, compared with 1 of the 16 joints in the internal derangement group.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

[Diagnosis of temporomandibular joint diseases in the ambulatory practice].

The temporomandibular joints of 977 students of the Rostock University were examined clinically and radiographically. Objective findings (laterodeviation of the mandible, crackling noises of the joint, radiographic changes of the position of the condyle) were frequently obtained, whereas subjective complaints (arthralgia, crackling noises of the joint) were rare. Only the occurrence of both symptom complexes requires an exact diagnosis and therapy of the temporomandibular joint disease after optimal oral rehabilitation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Routine tomography of the temporomandibular joint.

Routine lateral tomography of the temporomandibular joint has resulted in a three-fold increase in the detection of positive findings. The technique is easily accomplished, eliminates the problem of superimposition of unwanted structures, permits a true lateral view of the condyle and condylar fossa, and allows small articular surface abnormalities to be identified. Although the entrance skin dose to the patient's face in the beam is about two times greater per exposure than that for our previous conventional open and closed lateral views, we believe that the increased dose is reasonable and the resulting improved diagnostic accuracy outweighs this disadvantage.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Angiography of the temporomandibular joint. Description of an experimental technique with initial results.

The vascular supply to the temporomandibular joint is not completely understood. To form a base for advancement in this area we developed a method for experimental angiography of the temporomandibular joint that was applied to fresh temporomandibular joint autopsy specimens. Via the external carotid artery the vessels were infused with a mixture of barium and an acrylic resin. The specimens were sectioned and contact radiographs were obtained. These showed the vascularity of the joint and the surrounding structures with great detail. Most of the vascular supply appears to come from the lateral and medial aspects of the condyle head and from the anterior and posterior disk attachments. The method was applied to both normal and abnormal joints and the results suggest that this method could be used to gather further understanding of the vascularity of the temporomandibular joint relative to disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[An experimental study on change on the contralateral temporomandibular joint after unilateral condylectomy on one of the bilateral joints].

In this study I examined the macroscopic, radiological and histopathological changes on the contralateral temporomandibular joint following condylectomy on one of the bilateral temporomandibular joints on adult female Macaca fuscatas. I made a standardized radiographic apparatus for the temporomandibular joint and head for the Macaca fuscata on an experimental basis for radiological observation through the whole passage of time before making the experiment. The results were as follows: 1) In macroscopic observation, I noticed the entire mandible directed toward the operated side at opening the mandible and the anterior and molar (unoperated side) open bite after the operation. Besides the masticatory side altered and the degree of tooth attrition made progress with the passage of time. 2) According to radiographic investigation with an anteroposterior radiograph, complicated shift and rotation of the mandible were observed since the operation. According to the radiograph of condyle, distal displacement of the temporomandibular joint, widening of joint space and clockwise rotation of the mandible were confirmed. A shadow of bone was found in the articular surface of the mandibular head on the 123rd day. 3) The following findings were obtained in histopathology. (1) Heterotopic calcification appeared in an articular disk of one Macaca fuscata in control group and two in the 83rd-day-passaged Macaca fuscatas. (2) In the articular disk and the tissue around them, a tiny projection of connective tissue appeared in the posterior synovial portion of the superior articular cavity on the 10th day. And the intermediate zone of the articular disk showed itself to be fibrous small bundle daily as days passed on and cartilaginoid cells were found. (3) In the front edge of mandibular corpus and attachment region of the lateral pterygoid muscle, absorption of bone was observed by the 40th day from the operation, and additions of bone were observed during the period between the 40th and 83rd days from the operation. (4) The thickness of the cartilaginous lamina of mandibular head and fibrous velum varied much in different periods and areas. In the 83rd-day-passaged sample, osteosclerotic change and the irregularity on the articular surface were remarkably noticed. On the 123rd day the back of the mandibular head and the contralateral front wall of the back of the articular process showed absorption of the bone on a large part. (5) A large part of the articular surface in articular tubercle was irregular and some osteosclerotic change was observed. And on the 83rd day a good number of clones of cartilage cells were found.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

'Costen's syndrome'--correlation or coincidence: a review of 45 patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction, otalgia and other aural symptoms.

Forty-five patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and otalgia together with other aural symptoms (deafness, tinnitus, pressure/blockage and vertigo) were evaluated clinically and audiometrically. The theoretical mechanisms by which aural symptoms may be produced as a result of temporomandibular joint dysfunction are outlined and discussed in the light of the patients under review. The wide diversity in the incidence of additional aural symptoms apart from otalgia reported in the literature is noted, together with the general lack of full objective audiometric assessment. In 37 patients the aural symptoms were directly attributable to other coincidental otolaryngological pathology. Details of the remaining 8 cases are presented. The other aural symptoms of 4 of these patients were also probably accounted for by other coincidental otalaryngological pathology. It may be significant that 2 of the other patients were suffering from concurrent psychiatric disorders. Thus in this series at least 9% of the patients were considered to have other aural symptoms coincidental to temporomandibular joint dysfunction. This is compatible with the relatively common occurrence of both temporomandibular joint dysfunction and aural symptoms in the general population. This study leads us to believe that there is no direct aetiological basis to link temporomandibular joint dysfunction and other aural symptoms apart from otalgia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Pressurized infusion of sodium hyaluronate for closed lock of the temporomandibular joint. Part I: A case study.

Patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) report a myriad of problems including headaches, facial pain, limited mouth opening capacity, and clicking and/or grating sounds from the temporomandibular joints. Although conservative therapy with an occlusal splint can bring relief for many of these patients, a small number of subjects must be treated by means of surgical procedures. Direct injections of either air or fluids (saline, local anesthetic, corticosteroid, hyaluronate) into the superior and/or inferior temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cavities have gained popularity. The injection of a local anesthetic and hyaluronic acid can provide relief for patients with persistent, painful nontranslatory closed-lock conditions of the TMJs. As documented through objective electronic and computer-enhanced measurements, this case report describes the effect of sodium hyaluronate on a closed lock condition of the TMJ. This case report explains the methodology employed for a larger group of closed lock patients treated and monitored for over one year. The results of that larger group will be reported at a later time after long-term efficacy is confirmed.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction: an occasional manifestation of serious psychopathology.

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is multifactorial in etiology. In many patients, psychological factors contribute to the development of symptoms. This is a retrospective study of 25 patients who had temporomandibular joint dysfunction and facial pain as an early sign of significant primary psychopathology. The diagnoses were: acute depression, manic-depressive illness, hysteria, and schizophrenia. Diagnosis of the underlying psychopathology and recognition of its role in the etiology of temporomandibular joint symptoms permitted more effective treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Avascular necrosis of temporomandibular joint in sickle cell disease.

Avascular necrosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in sickle cell disease was not reported in patients suffering from this disease. In this report, we present a case of a young Saudi female with avascular necrosis of the left temporomandibular joint associated with avascular necrosis of head of left femur, and early changes of infarction of the humeral head of the left shoulder. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, tomography and computerized tomography scanning, confirmed the diagnosis of sickle cell disease, and the development of avascular necrosis of the left temporomandibular joint.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Presence of denatured hemoglobin deposits in diseased temporomandibular joints.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that hemoglobin recovered by arthrocentesis of the superior joint space of symptomatic human temporomandibular joints (TMJs) is "old" hemoglobin that was not iatrogenically introduced by the arthrocentesis procedure and that it exists primarily in a non-native or denatured conformation state that may be sufficient to catalyze a reaction leading to the formation of damaging free radicals. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients diagnosed with a unilateral articular disk displacement with TMJ arthralgia were included in this study. A superior joint space arthrocentesis was performed in the affected TMJ, and outflow lavage volumes were collected in serial 2-mL fractions. alpha-Hemoglobin/albumin ratios were determined for each collected fraction by densitometric analysis of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In addition, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) assays were used to determine the conformation state of the recovered hemoglobin. RESULTS: High alpha-hemoglobin/albumin ratios relative to that of serum (at least 10 times greater) were observed in several collected fractions of TMJ lavage fluid in all subjects studied. Because the tissue half-life of hemoglobin is significantly longer than that of albumin, these findings indicate that much of the hemoglobin recovered by arthrocentesis of symptomatic TMJs represents "old" hemoglobin that was present in the joint before the procedure. Furthermore, based on reactivity in the TMB assay, we estimate that up to 89% of the alpha-hemoglobin present in TMJ lavage fluid samples exists in a denatured state. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a significant amount of hemoglobin recovered by arthrocentesis of symptomatic TMJs exists in a denatured state and was present in the joint before arthrocentesis. Recent studies suggest that denatured hemoglobin may contribute redox active iron that can catalyze a reaction, leading to the formation of damaging free radicals. Such a process may represent one of the earliest molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of degenerative TMJ disease.

Albumins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Radiologic techniques used to evaluate the temporomandibular joint; I. Conventional methods.

Symptoms of temporomandibular joint pathology are present in a relatively high proportion of the population. Conventional radiographic techniques used to evaluate the morphology of the joint provide data which may be difficult to interpret. These techniques are reviewed briefly and their interpretational shortcomings are noted. Computed tomography is currently being used by some clinicians to evaluate the joint. This technique may also yield data which are difficult to interpret. Extended processing of CT data to provide three-dimensional images of the joint enhances the technique as a means of diagnosing hard tissue pathology, but despite reports in the literature detailing its use in diagnosing soft tissue pathology, CT is not optimal for this purpose. The introduction of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging provides a means of examining the soft tissues of the joint in either two- or three-dimensional images and has the advantage over all previous techniques in that the patient is not subjected to ionizing radiation during the scan process.

Humans↗

PubMed1979

Results of a clinicopsychological study of diseases of the temporomandibular joint.

Patients' complaints relating to disorders of the temporomandibular joint appear to be becoming more frequent and to be occurring in younger age groups. In many cases no organic cause affecting the joint or the masticatory system can be identified as the sole cause of the symptoms. An investigation was therefore undertaken to determine whether psychological causes might also be implicated. Two questionnaires were used to establish a complete picture of patients from a number of countries who suffered from disorders of the temporomandibular joint. The first questionnaire sought particulars of the dental condition, family status, type of education, satisfaction with job and pay etc. The second was a personality questionnaire which had originally been prepared for the Olympic Games in Munich. Although the extensive data collected has not yet been fully evaluated it is clear that in addition to the well established dental causes such as shortened dental arches, deep overbite and cuspal interferences, a psychosomatic element is superimposed in many cases. It is hoped to develop a means by which those whose symptoms require a psychotherapeutic approach, either alone or in conjunction with dental treatment, can be identified.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Arthroscopy of the human temporomandibular joint.

Diagnostic arthroscopy of the human temporomandibular joint was investigated on both fresh human cadavers and presurgical arthrotomy patients. It was possible to visualize all of the major anatomic structures in the superior joint space. Inferior joint space techniques were explored on cadavers but not perfected for clinical use. Closed arthroscopic surgical techniques were performed on the cadaver specimens using a variety of instruments such as probes, miniature biopsy forceps, and motorized soft tissue resection and bone abraiding devices.

Arthroscopy↗

PubMed1995

Angle of the articular eminence in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and asymptomatic volunteers.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare structural variations of the temporomandibular joint anatomy between symptomatic patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and asymptomatic controls. STUDY DESIGN: There were 74 symptomatic patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction, 29 asymptomatic volunteers with normal joints, and 6 asymptomatic volunteers with disk displacement with reduction included in this study. All subjects had bilateral high resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans performed in the sagittal (closed and opened) and coronal (closed) positions. All subjects had right and left full profile laminagraphs, one in the centric occlusal position, and one with the incisors edge to edge. RESULTS: Student-Newman-Keuls tests demonstrated no significant angular or linear differences for depth of the articular fossa, angle of the articular eminence, horizontal and vertical overlap of the incisor teeth, and linear condylar translation. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that there are no significant differences in angular and linear measurements in the articular fossa of asymptomatic volunteers and symptomatic subjects with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

A protocol for management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

A management protocol for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis consisting of 1) aggressive resection, 2) ipsilateral coronoidectomy, 3) contralateral coronoidectomy when necessary, 4) lining of the TMJ with temporalis fascia or cartilage, 5) reconstruction of the ramus with a costochondral graft, 6) rigid fixation, and 7) early mobilization and aggressive physiotherapy is presented. The protocol was retrospectively evaluated in the first 14 patients (18 involved TMJs) treated and followed postoperatively for at least 1 year. The facial asymmetries present in all unilateral cases remained corrected. The mean maximum postoperative interincisal opening at 1 year was 37.5 mm (292.36% mean increase), lateral excursions were present in 16 of 18 joints (vs 0 of 18 joints preoperatively), and pain was present in 2 of 18 joints (vs 13 of 18 preoperatively). The results of this study indicate that this protocol is effective for treatment of TMJ ankylosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint].

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint is a rare, benign condition of unknown etiology. It is characterised by the presence of loose cartilage bodies in the joint space which gradually leads to increased functional disturbances. The clinical, radiological, histopathological and therapeutical aspects are presented together with a new case report.

Adult↗