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Results for “Tooth Wear”

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PubMed1996

[Occlusion-building with tooth-colored restoration materials].

Severe localized or generalized tooth wear will result in loss of vertical dimension. Rehabilitation of the dimensional height is often required. A causal approach is the choice of preference to prevent progression of destructive processes. However, the etiology of pathological wear is not yet clarified, so reversible and non-destructive tooth saving restorative procedures are essential. For adjustment and stabilization of the occlusion of CMD problems the philosophy and treatment approach are similar. Tooth coloured adhesive restorations can be fabricated in different manners, directly and indirectly. In this article treatment objectives for occlusal rehabilitation are described and two cases presented where tooth coloured restorations are used.

Color↗

PubMed2004

Prevention and minimally invasive treatment of erosions.

Erosive tooth wear is a multifactorial cumulative lifetime process, which may lead to tooth surface loss. Acids of intrinsic and extrinsic origin are the main etiological factors. This paper focuses on preventive measures and minimally invasive restorations. The application of high fluoride, time of toothbrushing as well as the intake of erosive foodstuffs or beverages should be optimized. Sealing of the tooth surfaces and small composite fillings are minimally invasive treatments for erosive lesions.

Beverages↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A study on occlusal stability in shortened dental arches.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that shortened dental arches constitute a risk to occlusal stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using cluster samples, 725 subjects with shortened dental arches comprising intact anterior regions and zero to eight occluding pairs of posterior teeth and 125 subjects with complete dental arches were selected. Subjects with shortened dental arches were classified into eight categories according to arch length and symmetry. Parameters for occlusal stability were interdental spacing, occlusal tooth wear, occlusal contact of incisors in intercuspal position, and vertical and horizontal overlap. Additionally, tooth mobility and overeruption of unopposed teeth were assessed. Influence of independent variables (dental arch category, age, gender, and residence) on the parameters for occlusal stability was assessed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple range tests. RESULTS: Extreme shortened dental arches (zero to two pairs of occluding premolars) had significantly more interdental spacing, occlusal contact of incisors, and vertical overlap compared to complete dental arches. Occlusal wear and prevalence of mobile teeth were highest in these categories. The category with three to four occluding premolars had significantly more interdental spacing and, for the older age group, more anterior teeth in occlusal contact compared to complete dental arches. Age was consistently associated with increased changes in occlusal integrity. CONCLUSION: Signs of increased risk to occlusal stability seemed to occur in extreme shortened dental arches, whereas no such evidence was found for intermediate categories of shortened dental arches.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Dental erosion: diagnostic-based noninvasive treatment.

Lesions that result from dental erosion can be difficult to recognize--particularly when abrasion and attrition are also present. Consequently, dental erosion is often misdiagnosed and mistreated by radical restorative modalities that compromise the vitality of the pulp. This article provides clinicians with knowledge concerning the diagnosis of the complex lesions of dental wear and demonstrates the conservative treatment of this condition. Two cases that exhibit marked tooth wear in anterior teeth and their subsequent restoration utilizing occlusal principles and composite resin are presented.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed1997

Changes of surface texture of enamel in vivo.

There are various methods of measuring tooth wear, including that which could be considered to be associated with acid erosion. However, the present systems are limited in that they require an extended period of study to detect wear and also they do not give any insight as to the underlying mechanism of the tooth tissue loss. The aim of this study was to use a profilometric measuring system analysing novel surface texture parameters normally associated with the automobile industry to describe the wear and run-in behaviour of machined sliding engine parts. The texture parameters selected were the traditional Ra parameter and also parameters derived from the bearing ratio. Analyses of the surface texture of the labial surface of upper central incisors at an interval of three months indicated that the enamel surface was smoother but there were subtle changes occurring to the enamel. There was a statistically significant increase in the depth of pits/pores of the enamel surface, which could be identified as sites of retention of exogenous acid or chelating agent. The effects of acid erosion are not uniform but are dependent upon several factors; the configuration of the enamel surface may play an important part in the mediation of acid erosion type lesions.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Changes in articular eminence morphology with dental function.

Measurements of mandibular fossa depth and slope of the articular eminence were obtained for human skeletal samples chosen to represent a wide spectrum of subsistence strategies and oral function: hunter-gatherers (Eskimos, Australians), American Indians dependent to a variable extent on maize agriculture, and early twentieth century American whites and blacks. In the Eskimo and Australian samples, a generalized and steady increase in fossa depth and slope was observed with increasing functional age (tooth wear) through wear level 5 (of 8), followed by a levelling off or slight decrease in fossa depth in later wear levels on the anterior teeth and sharp decrease in fossa depth in later wear levels on the molars. Although much less consistent due in part to extensive and early molar loss, patterns of variation in the remaining samples were characterized overall by a decrease in fossa depth and slope with increasing wear, especially on the molars. Further, in those samples with high incidences of posterior tooth loss, fossa depth was routinely less and the eminence more gently sloped in subsamples having experienced molar loss than in subsamples retaining all their molars. These data provide evidence that the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) undergoes continuous morphological alteration throughout adult life, and that these alterations are probably mediated by dental function. Moreover, they suggest that differences in patterning of such alterations may exist among human groups with contrasting patterns of tooth use.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed1983

Microscopic observations of the wear of a tooth restorative composite in vivo.

The wear of a composite restorative material in the oral cavity was followed by examining impressions by scanning electron microscopy. It was demonstrated that filler particles protrude from the polymeric matrix and, eventually, are lost leaving holes in the surface. A measure of the rate of wear was obtained by following the recession of the matrix on the faces of a large prominent particle. For a restoration that had been in place for 7 years, the average rate of wear over a further period of several months was estimated to be about 0.1 microns/day. For comparison, the gross wear of 2 mm over the entire 7-year period gives a greater average rate of wear of 0.8 microns/day.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed1996

Evaluating the antagonistic wear of restorative materials when placed against human enamel.

Several clinical and laboratory studies have reported data on the nature of tooth wear against restorative materials (that is, amalgam, gold, glass ceramic and various composite resin systems). Several antagonistic substrates are known to cause various in vitro wear rates when placed in opposition to enamel. In this study, the authors evaluated 10 commercially available posterior composite resin systems and a gold alloy control. The findings showed that posterior composite resins containing zirconium silicate or quartz fillers caused greater antagonistic enamel wear than did microfilled or barium silicate-filled composite resins.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1997

Comparison of the clinical abrasion resistance of six commercially available denture teeth.

PURPOSE: Clinical abrasion of denture teeth has certain implications when dentures are worn in excess of the average useful lifetime. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical denture tooth wear over a period of 3 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The wear of six commercially available denture teeth (Premierdent, Acrotone, vitapan, Rx1, Duravite, and Ivoclar Orthosit) and a seventh combination of teeth was compared. Seventy patients with complete dentures were divided into seven groups of 10 each to form the study population. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the commercial denture teeth. Porcelain/Vitapan teeth exhibited the highest amount of abrasion. Significant wear was also measured between the Ivoclar Orthosit and Porcelain/Vitapan teeth.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed1996

Prevalence of dental erosion and the implications for oral health.

The literature on dental erosion is made up of a number of areas, some of which are reviewed here: there are anecdotal case reports, linking a small number of clinical cases with a possible etiological factor. The second area of evidence concentrates on case control studies in which there is a strong association with dental erosion, for example, patients with bulimia. The final piece of epidemiological evidence is beginning to emerge as prevalence studies, but the information from prevalence data worldwide is scanty. It is difficult to compare prevalence studies because of the different indices used in the various studies and also because of the different teeth assessed in the sample. Standardization of indices used would overcome some of these differences as would the reporting of results in a comparable way. However, identifying the true prevalence of erosion per se is fraught with difficulty because there may be more than one etiological factor operating and attrition and or abrasion may complicate the picture, especially in older populations. Case reports frequently associate evidence of erosion with excessive use of particular drinks or foodstuffs so they must be viewed with caution. There is an increasing awareness, amongst the dental profession, of the potential for this particular form of tooth wear to occur. It is important that the dental team is vigilant and instigates preventive measures before tooth tissue loss becomes clinically significant. The importance of erosion in dental health promotion should not be overlooked.

Beverages↗

PubMed1997

Development of a novel system for assessing tooth and restoration wear.

OBJECTIVES: This investigation sought to develop a mapping apparatus for use in the assessment of both tooth and restoration wear. METHODS: A computer controlled mapping device, capable of scanning a suitably prepared electroconductive tooth replica by means of an electrical feedback mechanism, was constructed and its accuracy assessed by measuring the thicknesses of four engineers' slip gauges 12 times each. The reproducibility of three potential methods of rendering a die stone replica electroconductive was also investigated. Finally, tooth replicas were surface profiled and compared empirically with the originals using a commercial surface mapping program. RESULTS: The overall mean accuracy of the mean thicknesses of the slip gauges was 4.4 (2.8) microns. Surface deposition of either nickel spray or gold leaf, upon a ready formed replica, did not give a reproducible thickness. Precoating silicone impressions with nickel spray prior to replica production overcame this problem. On an empirical basis the instrument yielded accurate digital terrain models of tooth replicas. CONCLUSIONS: A surface mapping device has been developed which is both accurate and reproducible. A satisfactory electroconductive surface may be produced upon a tooth replica by precoating a silicone impression with nickel spray before casting the replica. The technique should prove invaluable for monitoring both tooth and restoration wear but further work is necessary to examine how such an approach will perform clinically.

Dental Impression Materials↗

PubMed1999

Experimental studies of human dentine wear.

Previous in-vitro studies have described the relation between rates of enamel wear and variables such as applied load and lubricant pH. The aim here was to extend understanding of tooth-wear processes by considering the rate of wear in human dentine. Enamel was removed from extracted third molar teeth that had been sectioned mesiodistally. Moisture fluctuation within dentine was minimized by conducting all procedures under copious irrigation or in sealed containers of lubricant at pH 7.0. Specimens were subjected to wear using a purpose-built apparatus at loads of 6.2, 9.95 and 13.2 kg. All experiments were done with a unidirectional wear stroke of 3 mm at a rate of 80 cycles/min for 75 min and repeated for 75 min. Dentine wear was assessed by specimen weight loss. At pH 7.0, wear rates ranged from 0.50 mg/10(3) cycles at a load of 6.2 kg to 0.77 mg/10(3) cycles when a load of 13.2 kg was applied. At higher loads, dentine wear rates were similar to those of enamel. Increasing load is thus associated with a progressive increase in the rate of dentine wear. This relation differs significantly from that for enamel, reflecting fundamental differences in the composition and structure of these tissues.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed2000

[Bruxism and overload of periodontium and implants].

Bruxism is responsible for occlusal tooth wear but can not induce nor aggravate gingivitis or periodontitis. Bruxism induces jiggling forces, which cause a clinical tooth hypermobility, radiologically seen as a widened periodontal space. Although there is no direct causal relation between bruxism and implant failure, implant overload may lead to fractures of the components and bone loss.

Bruxism↗

PubMed2003

Dento-alveolar lesions and nutritional habits of a Roman Imperial age population (1st-4th c. AD): Quadrella (Molise, Italy).

The study of teeth is very important in archaeoanthropology for reconstruction of the nutritional habits and living conditions of past populations. We have analysed dental lesions of pathological (caries, abscesses and ante mortem tooth loss) and non-pathological origin (calculus), linear enamel hypoplasia and tooth wear in 67 adults from the Roman Imperial age necropolis (1st-4th c. AD) of Quadrella (Molise, Italy). The high frequency of caries (likely giving rise to the abscesses and ante mortem tooth loss), the abundant calculus and the low frequency of heavy wear are probably due to a limited use of hard fibrous foods and a high consumption of carbohydrates. The high frequency of linear enamel hypoplasia suggests metabolic problems during growth. Comparison of these data with those for two coeval Italian necropoleis near Rome (Latium), Isola Sacra and Lucus Feroniae, indicates poorer living conditions in the Quadrella population.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Management of worn dentition with resin-bonded cast metal lingual veneering.

The treatment of excessive tooth wear with limited interocclusal space is complicated. Nonprecious alloys may be cast into thin sections and bonded to the tooth surface with an adhesive cement. The technique may be applied to the provision of veneers to restore and protect worn tooth surfaces. This article describes the conservative management of excessively worn maxillary anterior teeth by use of this technique.

Cuspid↗

PubMed2006

[Pseudo-Sjogren's syndrome and bulimia].

INTRODUCTION: Bilateral parotid enlargement are presenting features of some metabolic and systemic disease but also of chronic emesis. CASE RECORD: A 24-year old woman consulted during three years many physicians asking for the treatment of a painless parotid swelling confusing with a Sjogren's syndrome. After an initial denial, the weight history, alteration of tooth wear and hypokaliemia conducted to admit a self inducing vomiting with bulimia nervosa. CONCLUSION: Gender, young age, weight history, tooth alteration and electrolytic disorders are the main diagnostic tool of this dissimulated etiology of parotid swelling.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Failure of copper or vitamin D supplements to affect the dental condition of young sheep on two Wairarapa farms.

Regular injections of copper or vitamin D had no overall effect on growth rate, fleece weight, or the amount of wear of the central incisor teeth of sheep on two Wairarapa farms over 26 months. The greatest amount of tooth wear occurred during the period when soil ingestion (measured by acid-insoluble residue, titanium or aluminium in the faeces) was also greatest. Various indicators of copper, calcium or nutritional status were measured in the blood of control sheep and those receiving vitamin D or copper. At no sampling time was there a significant difference for any of these between groups on either farm. Pasture samples were analysed regularly for calcium, cobalt, copper, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, phosphorus, sulphur, zinc and percentage ash. At most times values were, on the basis of existing criteria, considered normal. Although the pasture calcium/phosphorus ratio fell below one on several occasions this did not result in a change in plasma calcium or phosphorus levels. On the basis of criteria established for pen-fed sheep, dietary available copper levels on both farms were considered low for much of the time. However, liver and blood copper values were adequate at alI times.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Case report: management of tooth tissue loss from intrinsic acid erosion.

Acid erosive tooth wear is increasingly being reported in many western countries, and is also being recognised as a significant cause of tooth destruction in persons with xerostomia. The primary aetiology is related to a high consumption of dietary sources of acids and also to an increasing awareness of gastric acid as a significant factor in both children and adults. Recommended preventive dental treatments aim to neutralise the effects of acids, reduce the severity of xerostomia, stimulate salivary flow and buffering capacity, and increase the acid resistance of tooth substance. Initial restorative treatments should be conservative, using adhesive dentistry techniques. This treatment approach is illustrated by the oral rehabilitation of a severe erosion case using adhesive onlays, veneers and all ceramic crowns.

Adult↗