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PubMed1990

Physiatric therapeutics. 2. Therapeutic heat and cold, electrotherapy, and therapeutic exercise.

This self-directed learning module highlights the general concepts and advances in therapeutic heat and cold, electrotherapy, and therapeutic exercise. This article is part of the chapter on physiatric therapeutics for the Self-Directed Medical Knowledge Program Study Guide for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Special advances include lasers in medicine and the description of the appropriate type of exercise for weight control.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1996

[Erythrodermia].

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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1998

Psoriasis.

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Humans↗
PubMed1992

Photodynamic therapy of chemically- and ultraviolet B radiation-induced murine skin papillomas by chloroaluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer combines irradiation of tumors with visible light following selective uptake of the photosensitizer by the tumor cells. PhotofrinR-II (Pf-II) is the only photosensitizer which is in clinical use in PDT, whereas chloroaluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (AlPcTS) has also shown promise in preclinical studies. In most such studies, the effectiveness of the photosensitizers has been assessed in implanted tumor model systems rather than in model systems where tumors are allowed to grow in their own connective tissue matrix. In this study the pharmacokinetics, tumor ablation capability and cutaneous photosensitization response of AlPcTS have been assessed in mice bearing chemically- and ultraviolet B radiation (UVB)-induced benign skin papillomas. When tumor-bearing animals were injected intraperitoneally with AlPcTS (5 mg/kg body wt), maximum tumor:normal skin ratio of 2.4 was observed at 48 h, at which time the mice were irradiated within the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer. In tumor ablation studies with SENCAR mice bearing chemically-induced skin tumors, AlPcTS resulted in greater than 80% ablation in tumor volume at 20 days post-irradiation. In cutaneous photosensitization response, AlPcTS produced only transient effects (no effect after 24 h) in SENCAR mice. Pharmacokinetics data, tumor ablation effects and cutaneous photosensitization response of AlPcTS were comparable in SKH-1 hairless mice bearing UVB-induced skin tumors. Our data indicate that AlPcTS produces significant photodynamic effects towards the ablation of murine skin tumors, and that it does not produce prolonged cutaneous photosensitivity.

Animals↗