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Results for “construct validity”

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PubMed1992

A construct validation study of the Haan defense scales.

This study tested the validity of the Haan (1965) psychological defense scales, which have shown promise for clinical and research assessment. Three subject samples participated: ex-inpatients (n = 80) from a longitudinal high-risk project, their spouses (n = 104), and private college students (n = 124). Valid defense scales were predicted to show a specific pattern of correlations with MMPI ego-strength and standard scales across all three cohorts, with measures of symptoms among the ex-inpatients, and with overall severity of pathology for all groups in a pattern consistent with Vaillant's defense model. The regression scale showed excellent validity, and projection received equivocal support, but the other scales were not validated. Denial appeared to reflect psychological health.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The Missouri Children's Behavior Checklist behavioral classification system: a construct validity study with nonreferred children.

This study provides validity information about the Missouri Children's Behavior Checklist (MCBC) classifications system with nonreferred children. MCBC behavior patterns of 41 children were related to DSM-III symptomatology ascertained through a structured clinical interview, the Child Assessment Schedule, conducted with the mother. The findings indicated that considering the Undifferentiated Disturbance pattern as an indicator of poor adjustment may be unwarranted with nonreferred children.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Understanding muscle markers: aggregation and construct validity.

Musculoskeletal markers are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Yet, the reliability of muscle marker measurements has been called into question because they allegedly fail to correlate with cross-sectional properties and exercise patterns, and are confounded by body size. In this study, the principle of aggregation was used to sum muscle markers over 7 insertion sites (4 humeral, 2 radial, and 1 ulnar) and examine the effects on them of body size, age, sex, and cross-sectional properties. Analyses were made of a sample of 91 (66 males, 25 females) Native British Columbians (3500-1500 years BP) and 18th century Quebec prisoners. Muscle markers were measured using three-point observer rating scales; size was measured by standard methods; age and sex were determined through pelvic, cranial, and dental morphology; and cross-sectional properties were calculated from radiographs. Whereas any single muscle marker component failed to correlate with age, size, sex, or cross-sections, aggregate muscle marker correlated with: age, r = 0.49; size, r = 0.38; sex, r = 0.40; and, cross-sections, r = 0.38; P < 0.001. Older individuals had greater muscle markers, as did larger individuals, males, and those with more robust cross-sections. Based on partial correlations and regression analyses, age was the best overall predictor of aggregate muscle marker.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The construct validity of the client questionnaire of the Wisconsin Quality of Life Index--a cross-validation study.

The Wisconsin Quality of Life Index (W-QLI, Becker, Diamond and Sainfort, 1993) consists of eight scales: satisfaction with life domains, occupational activities, symptoms, physical health, social relations/support, finances, psychological wellbeing, and activities of daily living. The W-QLI has been modified to fit the characteristics of the Canadian population, the universal Canadian health system, and community and social services in Canada and the modified form was named CaW-QLI (Diaz, Mercier, Hachey, Caron, and Boyer, 1999). This study will verify the empirical basis of these theoretical dimensions by applying a cross-validation procedure on two samples, most of whose subjects have a serious mental illness. Confirmatory factor analyses and exploratory factor analyses using the principal component extraction technique with varimax rotation were applied. With the exception of the occupational activities domain, the remaining scales were correctly identified by the factor analyses on each sample. The occupational activities scale should be developed by additional items for representing this scale, which is too brief, and two other items should be revised in order to improve the quality of the instrument.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The multitrait-multimethod approach to construct validity.

The multitrait-multimethod matrix approach as proposed by Campbell and Fiske (1959) was an important contribution to our understanding of the nature of validation procedures. There are, however, problems encountered when using the Campbell and Fiske (1959) approach. The purpose of this article is to discuss the method and selected problems, and to propose an alternate approach to address those problems.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measuring religious faith in cancer patients: reliability and construct validity of the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith questionnaire.

Growing attention has focused on associations between religious involvement and health outcomes for cancer patients. Unfortunately, research has been hampered by lack of measures suitable for use in oncology settings. This study examined the performance of one recently developed measure, the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSORF). Initial investigations with cancer patients in a bone marrow transplant program and with non-oncology patients yielded promising results. This study provided additional information about temporal stability and convergent validity. The measure was evaluated in two well-defined samples: (1) 95 breast cancer patients, and (2) 53 healthy young adults. Most of the cancer patients had recent diagnoses and localized or regional disease. In each sample, the instrument demonstrated high test-retest reliability (r's=0.82-0.93) and internal consistency (r's=0.95-0.97). It displayed strong correlations with measures of intrinsic religiosity (r's=0.67-0.82, p<0.0001), and moderate correlations with organizational religiosity (r's=0.61-069, p<0.0001), non-organizational religiosity (r's=0.52-0.55, p<0.0001), comfort from religion (r=0.58, p<0.0001), and ratings of self as religious (r=0.58, p<0.0001). Among cancer patients, scores were significantly associated with optimism (r=0.30, p<0.01), but not with openness of family communication about cancer or perceived social support. These data build on previous findings with cancer patients, and suggest that the SCSORF may be a useful measure of religious faith in oncology settings.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2003

Construct validity of newly developed quality of life assessment instrument for child and adolescent cancer patients in Taiwan.

The purpose of this study was to test the convergent, discriminant, and clinical validity of the Quality of Life in Childhood Cancer (QOLCC) instrument for measuring the quality of life of Taiwanese children who suffer from cancer. In total, 160 patients were recruited for the study, including 105 male and 55 female. Overall, QOLCC consisted of generic measure and disease-specific domains to assess the Quality of Life (QOL) for children treated for cancer. The QOLCC is a symptom or problem-based questionnaire with the conceptual framework that health-related problems can be solved from both a biomedical perspective (e.g. changing the patient's medical treatment can enhance the QOL) and from a biobehavioral perspective (e.g. problem solving on a daily basis). This QOLCC, which can be administered in 15 min, is the first documented measure of the QOL administered directly to Taiwanese Children. It demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties. Application of the QOLCC to Taiwanese children with cancer produced encouraging results, validation from a larger independent parent population is still necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The development and construct validation of a consumer satisfaction questionnaire for psychiatric inpatients.

A consumer satisfaction scale was developed for psychiatric inpatients. The scale was administered to a state-wide sample of (n = 366) patients discharged from acute psychiatric units throughout Missouri. The scale was factor analyzed and given to another sample of (n = 390) discharges. Three out of five factors that were found in the first sample were replicated in a factor analysis of data from the second sample. Acceptable coefficient alphas were obtained on all three factors, demonstrating internal reliability. The three factors were labeled Treatment Effectiveness, Trust of Staff, and Hospital Environment. Comparable levels of satisfaction with prior studies were found on the first general satisfaction factor of Treatment Effectiveness. Subjects discriminated areas of satisfaction by expressing higher levels of dissatisfaction on the factors of Trust of Staff and Hospital Environment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Development and construct validity of a knee pain questionnaire.

A knee pain questionnaire, consisting of 15 dichotomous items, was submitted to an item analysis, based on the probabilistic model of Rasch. Five items had to be discarded but the remaining 10 constituted a homogeneous set, fit to be used as a scale. In particular, this meant that the total number of positive responses to the questionnaire could be used as a simple measure of the patients' knee pain. Further studies must be performed in order to analyze the reliability and empirical validity of the scale.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

An experimental investigation of the construct validity of the McGill Pain Questionnaire.

In order to circumvent problems with self-report measures of pain we conducted an experimental analysis of MPQ pain descriptors using a Stroop task. In this task subjects are asked to name the colours in which stimulus words are written. Previous research has demonstrated that words with emotional significance interfere (indexed by increased latencies to respond) with a person's ability to name the colour. We predicted that: (1) chronic pain patients, compared with normal controls, would show more interference to words drawn from the MPQ, and (2) affective/evaluative descriptors would produce greater interference than sensory descriptors. There was support for the first hypothesis but not the second. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

An investigation of the construct validity of the Dutch Restrained Eating Scale.

In the present investigation, the scores of 50 men and 50 women on the Restraint, Dutch Restrained Eating and Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability scales were compared in an effort to determine the convergent and discriminant validity of the Dutch Restrained Eating Scale. The obtained results suggest that, although both restraint scales are independent of body weight and social desirability, the convergent validity of the Dutch Restrained Eating Scale with the Restraint Scale is questionable, particularly with female subjects. The implications of these psychometric findings are discussed.

Adult↗