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External iliac artery blood flow in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans.

Blood flow in the left external iliac artery was measured by means of a densitometric technique in 21 patients with arteriosclerosis of the lower extremities and in 21 controls. Normal flow volumes were (mean +/- S.D.) 604 +/- 104 ml./min. for males and 478 +/- ml./min. for females. Flow volume was significantly lower in the patients with ischemia of the legs. There was no correlation between flow volume through the artery and the degree of stenosis at its narrowest point. The diameter of the iliac artery and the flow volume were significantly larger in males than in females; however, flow velocity was significantly larger in females.

Aged↗

Dissecting aneurysm of thoracic aorta: reappraisal of radiologic diagnosis.

In a series of 24 cases of acute dissecting aneurysm of the aorta (not including Marfan's disease) the diagnosis was usually suspected on the basis of the clinical picture and plain chest roentgenograms. The most consistent clinical sign was severe pain. Absent pulses and a neurological deficit were each noted in only five patients. In many cases there was no correlation between the clinical picture and the type or the extent of the dissection. Widening of the aortic arch and obliteration of the aortic knob with displacement of the trachea to the right are the most common signs in plain chest roentgenograms. A barium swallow examination in these cases reveals an elongated compression and displacement of the esophagus by the aortic arch. Calcification in the area of the aortic arch is the exception rather than the rule in dissecting aneurysms. Angiography is essential for the definitive diagnosis of dissecting aneurysms. The diagnosis is based on the demonstration of two channels, either by the presence of a linear radiolucency separating the two lumens, or by differences in flow that present as delayed opacification or delayed washout. If only the true lumen is opacified, widening of the outer extraluminal border of the aorta or narrowing of the lumen indicates the presence of a dissection. Abnormal catheter recoil and position were helpful in only two cases, and are not informative when the false lumen is catheterized. Failure to visualize main aortic branches was not always due to involvement by the dissection. It can also be caused by reduced flow due to severe proximal compression of the main lumen. The exact location of the intimal tears is usually not demonstrated unless additional injections are made in the area assumed to contain the tear. If only the false lumen is opacified in the ascending aorta, this can be recognized by the demonstration of a blind end, by failure to visualize the sinuses of Valsalva, from flattening of the medial border of the opacified channel, and from delayed washout in the blind end.

Aged↗

Vascular lesions associated with impotence in diabetic and nondiabetic arterial occlusive disease.

Translumbar aortographies performed in 91 patients for limiting leg ischemia were reviewed, and stenosis was graded by points from one (normal vessel) to five (complete occlusion) for each vessel. Of 62 nondiabetic patients, 18 (29 per cent) were impotent, while of 29 diabetics, 17 (58.6 per cent) were impotent (p less than 0.01). Significantly greater stenosis (p less than 0.005) was found in the internal pudendal arteries of impotent patients when compared statistically with potent patients. This was true for the group as a whole, for diabetics and nondiabetics, and for patients over 50 years old both with and without diabetes. There was no significant difference in the extent of stenosis of the iliac arteries (common and internal) between potent and impotent patients. There was also no significant difference in the pattern of stenosis between diabetic and nondiabetic patients in the group as a whole and also in the potent and impotent subgroups analyzed separately. Neither diminished femoral pulses nor aortographic evidence of external iliac and common femoral arterial stenosis correlated significantly with impotence. These observations indicate that vascular lesions are as important in diabetics as in nondiabetics in the genesis of impotence. Clinical implications regarding diagnostic investigations and treatment are discussed.

Adult↗

Yielding behavior of Israeli drivers: interaction of age and sex.

The main objective of the present study was to explore the yielding behavior of Israeli drivers. A series of observations were carried out at a busy crosswalk during rush hour to determine the association between demographic factors, i.e., the sex and age of both pedestrians and drivers and the rate of compliance with yielding regulations. The rate of yielding observed did not exceed 53%. Drivers within the 26-50 age range, excluding other age groups, tended to exhibit a higher yielding rate towards the members of their own age group.

Adult↗

The interproximal height of bone: a guidepost to predictable aesthetic strategies and soft tissue contours in anterior tooth replacement.

Enhanced aesthetic objectives can be achieved with precision and predictability due to recent advances in restorative materials and procedures. Although these developments have expanded the therapeutic options available to practitioners and their patients, anterior hard and soft tissue deformities in the aesthetic zone continue to represent a significant technical challenge to the reconstructive team. The objective of this article is to present diagnostic and prognostic criteria that emphasize the osseous-gingival relationship as a means to achieve predictable aesthetic results in the anterior segment with conventional or implant-supported restorations.

Adolescent↗

[Yersinosis].

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Enterobacteriaceae Infections↗