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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effect of the Palmaz balloon-expandable metallic stent in the trachea of pigs.

Endoscopically placed airway stents offer a viable option in primary or adjunctive treatment of severe pediatric tracheobronchial stenoses. Optimistic clinical reports substantiate the need for experimental studies to more effectively evaluate their clinical role. Development of an animal model comparable with the pediatric airway, amenable to endoscopic instrumentation, and capable of assessing effect on growth was the purpose of this pilot project. Nine 4-week-old piglets underwent endoscopic midtracheal placement of the balloon-expandable Palmaz metallic stent. Initial expansion and stent position were verified fluoroscopically and by direct videobronchoscopy. Serial endoscopic examination and stent reexpansion were performed 2 and 4 weeks after stent insertion. Animal weight, clinical tolerance, tracheal growth, and stent integrity were observed. Tracheal inflammation was evaluated grossly and by objective histopathologic criteria. Successful endotracheal stent placement and expansion were accomplished in all piglets. One pig died of anesthesia complications less than 24 hours after stent insertion. The remaining pigs exhibited excellent clinical tolerance through experiment completion. No detrimental effect on growth was noted, and effective dilatation of the stented tracheal region was observed. Stent incorporation was evident with significant mucosal ingrowth. Inflammation in the form of nonobstructing granulation tissue was present, and no evidence of necrosis or cartilage invasion was evident. The piglet trachea appears to be an excellent model for evaluation of expandable metallic airway stents in management of congenital and acquired tracheobronchial stenoses.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood in Norway: a prospective, population-based registration.

A prospective, population-based registration of children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was performed in Norway in 1996 and 1997. Ninety-two cases were identified, indicating an incidence of 5.3 per 100,000 children under 15 years. The sex ratio (female/male) was 1.2/1. Fifty-six percent presented with cutaneous signs only. The lowest platelet count was < 20 x 10(9)/L in 91%. In spite of mild bleeding symptoms, medical treatment was given in 68%, in most cases (57/63) with intravenous immunoglobulin. A total of 41/44 patients with platelet counts of < or = 5 x 10(9)/L were treated, regardless of whether they had mucous bleedings or not. Eighteen percent had platelet counts < 150 x 10(9)/L at 6 months, and 9% at 12 months following diagnosis. One patient with therapy-resistant chronic ITP died 16 months after diagnosis from an anesthesia complication related to profound epistaxis. This study shows a relatively high incidence. As in other studies, there was a tendency to treat platelet counts rather than bleeding symptoms.

Adolescent↗