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PubMed2005

Working conditions, compensation and absenteeism.

This paper examines absence behaviour in relation to the working environment. A theoretical model is built in order to separate the effects of voluntary absences and absences related to ill health, where health effects are assumed to be tied to working conditions. This model is based on the Shapiro and Stiglitz efficiency wage model. In addition, work environment is introduced as a part of the compensation package. The model gives a testable hypothesis of compensating wage differentials. A panel of quarterly firm level data from 1990 to 1998 are used and the theoretical model is supported by the empirical findings. The result indicates that the workers may not be fully compensated when experiencing high levels of noise in the work area, or when the job involves a high degree of monotonous work, heavy or frequent lifting or poor work postures. Ill health, and thus increased long-term absence, is not highly related to economic variables. However, long-term absence is relatively higher if the firm is troubled with many accidents or near misses. In addition, disamenities for which workers are not fully compensated cause ill health and increased long-term absence.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1999

Would removing indoor air particulates in children's environments reduce rate of absenteeism--a hypothesis.

To conduct a controlled trial to test the ability of a newly developed electrostatic air cleaning technology (EAC) to improve Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) as defined by levels of airborne particles and to investigate the potential to reduce non-attendance rates due to illness among children in two Swedish day care centres. The EAC technology was shown to significantly reduce the indoor particulate load for very fine particles caused by outdoor air pollution by 78% and to reduce the number of fine particles produced indoors by 45%. To test the hypothesis, non-attendance was followed in two centres during 3 years. The EAC technology was in operation during year 2. Non-attendance rates among children in the larger day-care centre decreased by 55%, equalling those levels noted in family-based day care. It is speculated that the air cleaning effect may be due to alterations in electrostatic forces operating within the room enabling fine particulate matter to more easily become and stay airborne. The EAC technology is cost-efficient and might be a way forward to improve IAQ.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2001

[Professional absenteeism and surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome. Results of a prospective series of 233 patients].

AIM: The aim of our work was to evaluate the influence of the type of patient's insurance ant the return to work interval after carpal tunnel release. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An prospective analysis of 233 patients (18-65 years old, full time workers) undergoing a carpal tunnel release between January and June 1998 was conducted to determine the interval between surgery and return to work. For statistical analysis we used the Ms Works and Status software package. The mean return-to-work intervals were determined for the following and compared for three groups. Group 1: independent worker, n = 87; group 2: wage earner, n = 90; group 3: civil servant, n = 56; and 4 others subgroups: manual workers, n = 164; non manual workers, n = 69; patients with social security insurance, n = 191; patients with workers compensation, n = 42. RESULTS: For the patients in group 1 the average return to work was 17 days (11 days for non manual workers, 29 days for manual workers). In group 2, the average was 35 days (21 days for non manual workers, 42 for manual workers). In group 3 the average was 56 days (49 days for non manual workers and 63 days for manual workers). The statistical analysis showed the civil servant took significantly longer to return to work than independent workers or wage earner (p < 0.05). The work related patients took significantly longer than patients covered by social security. The effect of occupational han (manual versus non manual) use was clear in the group 1 and 2, but there was no difference in the group 3. DISCUSSION: Our study of 233 patients demonstrated significant difference between independent workers, wage earners, and civil servants in term of return-to-work intervals. In comparing manual and non manual workers, we found a significant difference in group 1 and 2, but in civil servants group non difference were found. We cannot explain these findings on medical grounds.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1995

Objective and subjective work monotony: effects on job satisfaction, psychological distress, and absenteeism in blue-collar workers.

The relation of objective work conditions (work underload, repetitive or varied work) and subjective monotony to job satisfaction, psychological distress, and sickness absence was examined in 1,278 male and female workers. Subjective monotony was moderately related to the objective work conditions. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that the effects on all outcomes were partially mediated by subjective monotony and were also directly related to repetitive work and work underload. Job satisfaction and psychological distress were mainly related to subjective monotony, whereas sickness absence was equally related to the work conditions and subjective monotony. The highest impact was observed for short-cycle repetitive work. Testing sex interactions revealed that sickness absence was related to the work conditions in women but not in men. The findings highlight the significance of noting the actual work conditions in predicting employee outcomes.

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