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PubMed1987

Acute functional psychoses: treatment with zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride ('Clopixol') tablets.

An assessment of the efficacy and tolerability of zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride tablets in the treatment of acute psychotic episodes was undertaken in 63 patients in an open multi-centre study. Most patients prior to entering the study had received other neuroleptic drugs, but with inadequate effect. During the 10-week study, the dosage of zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride tablets could be adjusted to obtain optimum clinical benefit. The majority of patients received 20 to 75 mg daily (range 10 to 150 mg daily) at the start of the study and later, for most of those patients successfully treated, the dosage was 20 to 55 mg daily. Assessments before and during treatment utilized the BPRS and CGI rating scales and a check-list of side-effects. A successful response to treatment was achieved in 70% of 50 patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychoses and in 69% of 13 patients with mania or hypomania. Almost half (30) of the patients studied had a successful response within 4 weeks of starting treatment and some after only 1 week of treatment. All patients but 1 had either no side-effects or side-effects not overtly affecting performance.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1987

The use of oral zuclopenthixol in the treatment of functional psychotic illness.

An open study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and tolerance of oral zuclopenthixol in 40 patients with functional psychotic illness. Patients received zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride (25 mg tablets) in daily doses of 25 to 150 mg according to clinical response. Assessments were performed at weekly intervals using either the Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale (BRMS) or the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), as appropriate; in addition, a Clinical Global Impression (CGI) was recorded and side-effect inventory completed. Patients were to be studied for a maximum of 13 weeks or until a successful response to treatment was obtained. Success was defined as a score of less than 15 on the BRMS or BPRS, accompanied by a marked or moderate improvement on the CGI. Twenty-six (65.0%) patients had a successful response to treatment within 3 weeks; this increased to 35 (87.5%) by Week 4. There were significant reductions in the total BPRS and total BRMS scores from Week 1 onwards. Most sub-scales and sub-items also showed significant improvements. Four patients were withdrawn from the study, (3 due to lack of efficacy and 1 with side-effects). One patient was non-evaluable due to concomitant chlorpromazine therapy. Side-effects were slight and the medication was well tolerated. Twenty-five patients received antiparkinsonian treatment during the study.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Influence of food intake on the bioavailability of zuclopenthixol.

The single-dose kinetics of the neuroleptic thioxanthene zuclopenthixol was assessed in 12 healthy volunteers who ingested 10 mg of the drug orally, both on an empty stomach and together with a standardized breakfast of 1840 kj (440 kcal). The serum concentrations of zuclopenthixol were measured by HPLC. Concomitant food intake did not influence the peak concentration nor the time to reach the peak concentration or the elimination half-life of zuclopenthixol, but the AUC values were significantly increased. Hence it seems likely that concomitant food intake enhances the bioavailability of zuclopenthixol, without influencing its absorption rate. The most likely mechanism is that food reduces the presystemic clearance of the drug. As the increase in AUC was only 26%, it is doubtful whether zuclopenthixol has to be administered in a standardized relation to meals.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

An open clinical trial with the long-acting neuroleptic zuclopenthixol decanoate in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia.

Nineteen chronic schizophrenics were included in an open trial to evaluate the depot neuroleptic, zuclopenthixol decanoate. The treatment period was 24 weeks and clinical evaluations were carried out every 4 weeks including the CGI, the BPRS (completed at Weeks 0, 4, 8, 16, and 24), the Hamilton Depression Scale (completed at Weeks 0, 12, and 24), and a side-effects check list. Patients received 200 mg zuclopenthixol decanoate intramuscularly at intervals dependent on the severity of the illness. Statistically significant reductions were found for most of the symptoms on the BPRS. The reduction was already seen after 4 weeks of treatment. A clear improvement was also recorded on the Hamilton Depression Scale. The frequency of side-effects was low and decreased during the treatment period. The side-effects recorded were mild and, according to the CGI, they did not interfere with the patients' functioning except in 1 case (Week 24). It is concluded that zuclopenthixol decanoate is an effective and well-tolerated drug in the maintenance treatment of chronic schizophrenia.

Adult↗

PubMed1974