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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia, 1995 to 2000.

Health agencies are increasingly conducting systematic reviews of foodborne disease outbreak investigations to develop strategies to prevent future outbreaks. We surveyed state and territory health departments to summarise the epidemiology of foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia from 1995 to 2000. From 1995 through 2000, 293 outbreaks were identified, with 214 being of foodborne origin. One hundred and seventy-four (81%) had a known aetiology, and accounted for 80 per cent (6,472/8,124) of illnesses. There were 20 deaths attributed to foodborne illness. Of the 214 outbreaks, bacterial disease was responsible for 61 per cent of outbreaks, 64 per cent of cases and 95 per cent of deaths. The most frequent aetiology of outbreaks was Salmonella in 75 (35%) outbreaks, Clostridium perfringens in 30 (14%), ciguatera toxin in 23 (11%), scombrotoxin in 7 (3%) and norovirus in 6 (3%). Salmonellosis was responsible for eight of the 20 (40%) deaths, as was Listeria monocytogenes. Restaurants and commercial caterers were associated with the highest number of outbreak reports and cases. Outbreaks in hospitals and aged care facilities were responsible for 35 per cent of deaths. The most frequently implicated vehicles in the 173 outbreaks with known vehicles were meats 64 (30%), fish 34 (16%), seafood 13 (6%), salad 12 (6%), sandwiches 11 (5%) and eggs 9 (4%). Chicken, the most frequently implicated meat, was associated with 27 (13%) outbreaks. This summary demonstrates the serious nature of foodborne disease and supports the move to risk-based food safety interventions focusing on mass catering and hospital and aged care facilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of Australia's National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System.

The Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) is a passive surveillance system that collects information on communicable diseases. The Australian Government manages NNDSS under the auspices of the Communicable Diseases Network Australia (CDNA). Data collected by each state and territory are collated, analysed and disseminated by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. We report the first evaluation of NNDSS since it was established in 1991. Three primary stakeholder groups were surveyed: (a) CDNA members, (b) the National Surveillance Committee and (c) the readership of Communicable Diseases Intelligence, the primary means of data dissemination from NNDSS. The evaluation revealed that the system was acceptable, structurally simple, and that the data collected were actively used by stakeholders. However, the lack of clearly documented aims and objectives for NNDSS, inflexibility to changing needs, lack of timeliness and complexity in processes were seen as problematic. The results of this evaluation, supported by recent federal funding to enhance national biosecurity, will provide the framework for enhancing NNDSS to meet national communicable disease surveillance requirements in Australia.

Australia↗
PubMed2004

OzFoodNet: enhancing foodborne disease surveillance across Australia: quarterly report, April to June 2004.

Salmonella incidence was increased during the quarter, similar to the first quarter of 2004. There were several outbreaks of different phage types of S. Typhimurium occurring in multiple Australian states. OzFoodNet held several discussions during the quarter to try to identify links between these increases. In total, Salmonella infections were responsible for 32 per cent of foodborne outbreaks. Large norovirus outbreaks were reported in association with food service industries where people had worked while ill. It is vital that people responsible for preparing and handling food do not work while they have symptoms of gastroenteritis, as the results can be devastating for food businesses. Imported Japanese oysters were again implicated in an outbreak of suspected viral illness, highlighting the need for improved control measures for these products.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

OzFoodNet: enhancing foodborne disease surveillance across Australia: quarterly report, 1 October to 31 December 2003.

A key feature of the quarter was the significant number of outbreaks of gastroenteritis spread by person-to-person transmission, especially in outbreaks of norovirus. There were also a large number of outbreaks of foodborne illness prior to Christmas 2003. Also important have been the significant efforts to investigate outbreaks relating to oysters imported from Japan. These oyster related outbreaks highlight the importance of norovirus as a cause of foodborne gastroenteritis with potential for international spread.

Annual Reports as Topic↗
PubMed2002

Confronting bioterrorism: physicians on the front line.

The events surrounding September 11, 2001, and its aftermath have compelled the public health and medical community to face the hitherto unfamiliar reality of bioterrorism. Physicians and public health personnel are frontline soldiers in this new form of warfare. This article provides a general overview of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of patients infected with the 6 highest priority agents that could potentially be used in bioterrorism. The diseases discussed include anthrax, smallpox, tularemia, plague, botulism, and viral hemorrhagic fevers. Despite the unpredictable nature of bioterrorism, disaster preparedness and knowledge of essential diagnostic and epidemiological principles can contribute substantially toward combating this new threat.

Anthrax↗