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Results for “Fractures, Compression”

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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Management of patients with vertebral compression fractures.

Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mass that may not manifest until a patient has a fracture. Hip fracture is the most devastating, but vertebral fracture is the most common, occurring in 25% of women over 50 years of age and 40% of those age 80-85 years. Although 60% of vertebral fractures are clinically silent, they are easily diagnosed radiographically. They are associated with height loss, deformity, impaired mobility, and pain. Patients should be evaluated for the cause of both the fracture and osteoporosis. Therapy includes education about the disease, an exercise program, and advice about tailoring routine activities. Pharmacotherapy includes annual influenza vaccines, and daily calcium (1200-1500 mg elemental calcium/day) and vitamin D (400-800 IU/day) supplements. New antiresorptive agents alendronate, hormone replacement therapy, and salmon calcitonin should be offered to all patients as they reduce fracture rates.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relation between bone mineral content, experimental compression fractures, and disc degeneration in lumbar vertebrae.

The bone mineral content and the ultimate compressive strength were determined in 109 fresh lumbar vertebrae from 36 different subjects, 31 to 79 years of age. The degree of macroscopic disc degeneration and the types of fracture were determined. Three types of fracture-central, wedge and transverse-were found, but only under magnification and at simultaneous movements of the fracture segment. The central type of fracture was found predominantly in specimens with high bone mineral content surrounded by normal discs. The wedge type of fracture was consistent with lower bone mineral content and more severe disc degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensitivity and specificity of MRI in detecting malignant spinal cord compression and in distinguishing malignant from benign compression fractures of vertebrae.

The accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection of metastatic compression of the spinal cord and the cauda equina (MCCE) in 75 patients with known primary malignancy outside the central nervous system is determined retrospectively by comparing the MR results with findings of myelography, surgery, clinical follow-up and autopsy. The sensitivity is 93%, the specificity 97% and the overall accuracy 95%. The signal intensity measured in the sagittal MR images of a collapsed vertebral body is divided by that of an average of three adjacent normal vertebrae to form a signal intensity ratio (SIR). The SIRs of 41 metastatic and 15 post-traumatic collapsed vertebrae are calculated. A ratio of 0.8 has the most differentiating power. All benign and one malignant compressed vertebrae have SIRs greater than 0.8.

Cauda Equina↗
PubMed1988

Fixation of displaced subcapital femoral fractures. Compression screw fixation versus double divergent pins.

One hundred and twenty-seven consecutive patients with displaced subcapital fractures of the femoral neck (Garden Grade III or IV) all under 80 years of age and independently mobile, were randomly allocated to fixation with either double divergent pins or a single sliding screw-plate device. The incidence of non-union and infection in the sliding screw-plate group was significantly higher, and we believe that when internal fixation is considered appropriate multiple pinning should be used. Mobility after treatment was disappointing in about half of the patients, and we feel that internal fixation can only be justified in patients who are physiologically well preserved and who maintain a high level of activity.

Adult↗