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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Neutrophil-mediated tumor cell destruction in cancer ascites.

Intraperitoneal injections of OK-432, originated from Group A streptococcus pyogens of human origin, were administered to 77 patients with ascites caused by cancer of the digestive tract. Complete disappearance of effusion was observed in 43 cases, its reduction in five out of 77. They received cytologic examination of ascites daily before and after OK-432 injection. One of these patients, a 77-year-old man with carcinomatous peritonitis due to gastric cancer, showed an interesting phenomenon after OK-432 injection. All adenocarcinoma cells in his ascites disappeared at least with 36 hours after OK-432 injection with increasing number of intraperitoneal neutrophils. In addition, neutrophils collected from his ascites or peripheral blood showed cytostatic effect on his ascites-derived tumor cells in vitro. His neutrophil-depleted intraperitoneal cells, however, had no significant effect on DNA synthesis of his tumor cells in vitro. OK-432 itself had no significant effect on DNA synthesis of his tumor cells in vitro. This report describes a patient in whom OK-432-induced neutrophils may play an important role in his tumor cell destruction in ascites.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

CA 19-9 and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

The diagnostic place value of CA 19-9, a tumor-associated antigen, was tested in 611 patients. This group of patients included 273 patients who suffered from a malignant disease (48 patients with pancreatic carcinomas and 225 patients with extrapancreatic malignant growths) and 338 patients with benign diseases (66 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 36 patients with acute pancreatitis, and 236 patients with general surgical diseases). In 93% of the patients with pancreatic carcinoma (media value, 528 U/ml), in 37% and 19% of the patients with carcinoma of the stomach and colorectal carcinomas (median value 8 U/ml), respectively, the CA 19-9 value was estimated as being above the normal limits of 6 to 37 U/ml. A sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 85%, as well as a total accuracy of 82%, were established in pancreatic carcinoma during preoperative observation. The preoperatively raised CA 19-9 concentration in patients with pancreatic carcinomas dropped after curative resection of the carcinoma to within normal limits. However, a serum concentration of less than 37 U/ml was not recorded in any CA 19-9 estimation after a palliative surgical intervention, or in any case of inoperable carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Cancer risk in male veterans utilizing the Veterans Administration medical system.

Age-specific incidence curves, cumulative rates, and relative risks were estimated for selected malignancies among male veterans utilizing the Veterans Administration (VA) medical system during 1970 to 1982. Relative risks for malignant tumors of the lung, bronchus, larynx, oral cavity, and esophagus in males using VA hospitals were approximately double the rates for men of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry, thereby supporting the existence of strong effects of chronic cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on the development of neoplasms at these specific anatomic sites. Relative to the SEER male population, there were significant reductions in the cumulative rates of neoplasms of the colon (15%) and extrahepatic biliary tract (30%), no differences in the rates of cancer of the stomach, small intestine, or pancreas, and a 50% increase in the cumulative rate of liver cancer among the veterans. Rates of malignancies of the genitourinary tract were similar in the VA and SEER registries with the exception of cancer of the penis, for which the cumulative rate was 50% higher in the veterans. These results are consistent with an excess of specific risk exposures among male veterans using VA hospitals, viz., cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, poor nutrition, and other factors related to low socioeconomic status. The ultimate utility of the VA tumor registry will depend upon its exploitation by epidemiologists to provide leads for etiologic research.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

A double missense variation of the BUB1 gene and a defective mitotic spindle checkpoint in the pancreatic cancer cell line Hs766T.

To determine sequence variations of the BUB1 and BUB1B genes in pancreatic cancer, the entire coding regions of the BUB1 and BUB1B genes were sequenced in pancreatic cancer cell lines and xenografts. Although only polymorphic alterations were found in the BUB1B gene, the aneuploid pancreatic cell line Hs766T had two novel missense variants (p.[Y259C;H265N]) in the BUB1 gene. These mutations were on the same allele, accompanied by a wild-type BUB1 allele. This change was not found in other samples, the literature, or 110 additional chromosomes from a reference population. Compared to two cell lines having microsatellite instability (MIN), the TP53 wild-type pancreatic cell line Hs766T had a defective mitotic spindle checkpoint, indicative of a cell line with chromosomal instability (CIN). Evidence that this checkpoint pathway can be abrogated by mutations in the BUB1 gene (Cahill et al., 1998) supports the suggestion the missense mutations of the BUB1 gene in the Hs766T cell line may contribute to its observed mitotic checkpoint defect.

Cell Cycle Proteins↗
PubMed1991

Expression of beta 1-integrins, H-CAM (CD44) and LECAM-1 in primary gastro-intestinal B-cell lymphomas as compared to the adhesion receptor profile of the gut-associated lymphoid system, tonsil and peripheral lymph node.

beta 1-Integrins (VLA-1 to -6) are cell-surface molecules binding to matrix molecules such as collagen, fibronectin and laminin. VLA-4 is the human homologue to the murine Peyer's patch homing receptor mediating cell/cell adhesion required for lymphocyte extravasation or "homing". Other structures which have a homing-receptor function through recognition of venular endothelium are H-CAM (CD44) and LECAM-1 (LAM-1, human MEL-14 equivalent). In order to elucidate whether these adhesion receptors are expressed in primary gastro-intestinal malignant B-cell lymphomas (GI BmL) which, in this case, might contribute to the initial confinement to this extranodal site, 31 extensively characterized tumors were examined together with reactive lymphoid tissues from small and large intestine, tonsil and lymph node using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against these receptors. All types of adhesion receptors were differentially expressed in the cytologically and microtopographically defined B-cell subsets [follicular center cells (FC), mantle-zone cells (MZ), extrafollicular cells (EF) and plasma cells (PC)] of the normal B-cell system. With the exception of differences in LECAM-1 levels among EF and PC of intestinal vs. nodal vs. tonsillar sites, receptor profiles were almost identical in different lymphoid organs. The expression pattern of these molecules in GI BmL was markedly heterogeneous, mimicking to some extent the receptor equipment of their reactive cellular counterpart. Thus, we failed to find a unifying adhesion receptor profile indicative of a tissue-specific homing of reactive and neoplastic B-cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Tomatoes and risk of digestive-tract cancers.

In view of the persisting uncertainty concerning possible mechanisms by which high vegetable and fruit intake decreases cancer risk, foods with divergent values for potentially important micronutrients are a priority for investigation. Tomatoes are low in beta-carotene, but high in lycopene, an active antioxidative agent. In order to assess the effect of tomatoes on risk of cancers of the digestive tract, data were analyzed from an integrated series of case-control studies conducted between 1985 and 1991 in northern Italy, where tomato intake is high but, also, heterogeneous. The overall dataset included the following histologically confirmed cancer cases: oral cavity and pharynx, 314; esophagus, 85; stomach, 723; colon, 955; and rectum, 629; and a total of 2,879 controls admitted to hospital for acute non-neoplastic or non-digestive conditions, unrelated to long-term dietary modifications. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for subsequent quartiles of intake of raw tomatoes were derived, after allowance for age, sex, study center, education, smoking and drinking level, and tertile of total caloric intake. There was a consistent pattern of protection for all sites (OR in the upper quartile ranging between 0.4 and 0.7), most notably for gastrointestinal neoplasms. All trends in risk were highly significant. The beneficial effect of raw tomatoes in this population may be partly due to the fact that they constitute perhaps the most specific feature of the Mediterranean diet. However, if it is true that tomatoes protect against digestive-tract cancers, this is of interest from both a scientific and a public health viewpoint.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Unknown primary.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Endoscopic laser therapy for esophageal cancer: present status with emphasis on past and future.

Although the major initial application for endoscopic laser therapy was for the management of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, it is now more common to use the laser endoscopically for the treatment of gastrointestinal neoplasms. A major body of literature surrounds the use of endoscopic laser therapy for esophageal cancer. The initial patient evaluation to determine if laser therapy is indicated includes a contrast radiograph, a screening endoscopy, and an imaging study. After these tests have been performed, it can be determined whether endoscopic laser therapy (ELT) is the best of the many endoscopic options. There is some difference of opinion as to the specifics of the treatment technique, and these are described. There is general agreement from reviewing the clinical data that it is possible to open the obstructed lumen in a large majority of cases and that functional success (the ability to achieve technically good results as well as clinical improvement without complications) is also possible in the majority of patients. Despite the information suggesting the benefits of ELT for esophageal cancer, there are both conceptual and technical limitations to the current approach to therapy. These limitations as well as potential future applications are discussed.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Treatment of endocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors with somatostatin analogues.

Somatostatin is a hormone that regulates the function of several exocrine and endocrine glands. The peptide mediates its actions via five different receptors. These proteins are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Somatostatin receptors are also present in neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors. Two long-acting somatostatin analogues, octreotide and lanreotide, are recognized by the receptor subtypes 2 and 5. Excessive hormone secretion in carcinoid syndrome can be controlled by these drugs. In addition, at least a subgroup of patients with carcinoid syndromes respond with delayed tumor growth during octreotide therapy. In the future, the availability of the somatostatin receptor cDNAs will allow the development of specific and even more potent receptor analogues.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Adjuvant therapies of postsurgical minimal residual disease.

The review summarizes the most recent results obtained with present combined adjuvant strategy for the treatment of resectable cancer. Recent important randomized clinical trials, either unicentric or polycentric, are discussed. As far as pediatric tumors are concerned post-surgical adjuvant chemotherapy was proved to play a useful role in prolonging the disease-free survival in Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma. Results obtained in the treatment of medulloblastoma and osteogenic sarcoma need further investigations. In adult neoplasms the most important results with combined modality approach are presently being obtained in breast cancer and probably in melanoma. No consistent improvement by adjuvant chemotherapy has been observed in colorectal cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Tumor host relations. II. Influence of tumor extent and tumor site on plasma cortisol of patients with malignant diseases.

The increase of plasma cortisol in patients with tumors of five different sites compared with a control group of patients with benign surgical diseases amounted to: +39% (breast), +34% (stomach), +86% (intestine), +60% (skin) and +194% (gall bladder). The first detectable increase of cortisol occurred in patients with tumors classified T 2 according to the TNM scheme (+27% above the control). Highly significant increases were observed for T 3 (+82%) and T 4 (+77%) patients. Patients with palpable lymph nodes showed a most significantly increased cortisol mean value compared with patients without palpable lymph nodes. Similarly, the cortisol mean value of patients with distant metastases was significantly higher than the corresponding value of tumor patients without distant metastases. The question remains open, whether the primary site, the extent of the tumor or the occurrence of metastases is the main determinant for the cortisol increase.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Extirpation of metastases (author's transl)].

Seventy-two lung and 25 liver metastases were excised after radical local removal of the primary tumor. The 5-year survival rate was 41% and the 10-year survival rate 22% for patients in whom lung metastases had been excised. After the removal of liver metastases the 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 36% and 29% respectively. It is concluded that lung or liver metastases should be excised in certain defined cases. Pathologic fractures caused by bone metastases are stabilized by palliative internal fixation. In the cases of bone metastases, cure can only be expected when they are caused by hypernephroid and thyroid carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗