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PubMed1999

[Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in different gynecologic diseases].

The incidence of Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) y Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) was investigated in 113 endocervical samples obtained from women who were seen for different gynecological pathologies. Forty-seven (42%) patients were positive to these microorganisms; 26 cases (23%) were positive for M. hominis and 21 (19%; p = NS) for U. urealyticum. Average age was 32.1 +/- 7.7 years; the average number of sexual partners was 1.7 +/- 1.1. Eleven of 17 patients with 3 o more sexual partners were positive for Genital Mycoplasma (GM), and U. urealyticum was found more often in this group. A higher incidence of GM was found in women between 26 and 30 years (34%); 57.5% of the patients with positive cultures for GM had begun sexual activity before 20 years of age. M. Hominis was found in 61% of women with no parity and U. urealyticum in 71% of parous women. The cultures were positive in 10 of 14 patients with pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID). A cervical biopsy was taken from 52 cases and the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was made in 49 (94%) but only 24 of them were positive for GM (50%). Thirty-five patients suffered sterility, and 12 (34%) were positive for GM, however all positive cases consulted because of primary sterility. The conclusions obtained from this study are: 1) Near half of the patients was positive for GM and none of the species was predominant over the other. 2) The more sexual partners the higher was the incidence of GM, especially U. Urealyticum. 3) The lower the age of the first sexual intercourse the higher the probability of contamination with these microorganisms. 4) M. hominis was more common in nulliparous women and U. urealyticum was found more often in parous patients; the number of deliveries did not have influence in these findings. 5) A statistical significance between GM and PID was found (p = 0.03). 6) GM have no influence on spontaneous abortion. 7) No statistical significance was found between GM and the beginning and evolution of CIN. 8) No relation statistically significative was found between GM and sterility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Clinical evaluation of ovarian tumor antigen NB/70K: monoclonal antibody assays for distinguishing ovarian cancer from other gynecologic disease.

Circulating human ovarian tumor antigen NB/70K levels were assessed with four monoclonal antibody radioimmunoassays. A total of 844 blood samples from patients with ovarian cancer and gynecologic control subjects was evaluated to determine the specificity of each of the four assays for ovarian cancer. It was determined that the mean and percent positivity for patients with ovarian cancer were significantly higher than those values for all control groups. When clinical parameters of the patients with ovarian cancer were examined, it was found that NB/70K appeared to be elevated in patients with all of the pathologic types of early stage, low-grade epithelial ovarian cancers studied. One of the four radioimmunoassays (the NB12123 assay) was capable of detecting elevated blood NB/70K levels in greater than 50% of patients with early stage ovarian malignancies. The NB12123 assay was also able to detect NB/70K in the blood of 45% (9 of 20) of patients with stage I, well-differentiated ovarian cancer. These results indicate that NB/70K may be a useful marker for the early detection of localized tumors as well as for monitoring patients with ovarian cancer, as has been demonstrated previously. In addition, NB/70K appears to be a marker for all stages, grades, and pathologic types of human ovarian epithelial tumors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 and CA 125 serum markers in patients with gynecologic diseases.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical values of tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 serum levels alone or in combination with CA 125 in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with ovarian cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Serum samples from 293 patients, 142 with primary carcinoma and 151 with benign diseases of the genital tract, were evaluated for the presence of CA 125, tumor-associated glycoprotein-72, and carcinoembryonic antigen. All patients underwent surgery for the primary tumor, and stage was defined according to the classification of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. RESULTS: When the measurement of serum tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 is combined with that of CA 125, the sensitivity for the detection of primary ovarian cancer increased from 60% to 73%, with no significant change in specificity, and resulted in a more accurate clinical assessment for detection of residual disease before the second-look procedure. In fact, when both markers were positive, 100% specificity was achieved; conversely, when both markers were negative, no residual disease was found. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 may be considered as a supplementary serum marker for CA 125, providing further clinical information for the diagnosis of primary and recurrent ovarian cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

Clinical evaluations of the tumor marker sialyl SSEA-1 antigen for clinical gynecological disease.

Sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) is a highly specific tumor marker composed of sugar chain antigens that have Lewis X at their terminals and bind to sialic acid. This antigen is rarely detected in normal tissues, and is present in adenocarcinoma and fetal tissues. We studied the clinical usefulness of SLX in gynecological patients and obtained the following results. (1) The antigen was frequently positive in patients with ovarian cancer with a mean of 89.5 +/- 48.3 U/ml (72.8%, 8/11) and in those with endometriosis with a mean of 39.8 +/- 10.3 U/ml (75.0%, 6/8). (2) Among the gynecological malignancies, the percent positivity was low in those with cervical cancer (20.0%, 5/25), endometrial cancer (33.3%, 1/3), and cancer of the fallopian tube (33.3%, 1/3). (3) The antigen was negative in 20 with myoma uteri, 20 normal pregnant women, and 9 nonpregnant healthy women during the follicular, luteal, or menstrual phase. It was negative in 8 of 9 patients with benign ovarian cyst. False negative results were rare. (4) The SLX level was higher in the ascites than in the serum in patients with ovarian cancer and in those with benign ovarian tumors. (5) The serum SLX in patients with ovarian cancer, which was positive before tumor resection, became negative 2 weeks postoperatively. These results suggest that SLX is a tumor marker with a high specificity to adenocarcinoma of the reproductive organs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Malignant gynecologic disease: applications of magnetic resonance imaging.

Malignancies of the female genital tract account for 25% of all cancers diagnosed in women. The decreasing incidence and mortality associated with cervical and uterine corpus carcinomas reflect earlier detection and improved therapies. Although not practical as a screening tool, magnetic resonance imaging is playing an expanding role in the diagnosis and staging of gynecologic cancers. Its unsurpassed soft tissue contrast resolution and multiplanar imaging capabilities allow better depiction of depth of tumor invasion and extent of local spread than either computed tomography or ultrasound.

Female↗