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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Striatal implants of fetal striatum or gelfoam protect against quinolinic acid lesions of the striatum.

Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that intrastriatal implants of fetal striatum significantly attenuate excitotoxic damage resulting from a 240 nmol quinolinic acid (QA) challenge delivered 7 days later. In contrast, animals with intrastriatal implants of other tissue types (adipose tissue, peripheral nerve or adrenal medulla) demonstrate a more limited, but consistent trend in protection from QA excitotoxicity. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that partial striatal protection found in animals receiving peripheral tissue grafts is due to the transplantation procedure eliciting a host response which attenuates excitotoxicity. Adult female Long-Evans rats received either cellular (fetal striatum) or acellular (gelfoam) implants followed 1 week later by a unilateral injection of 240 nmol QA into the grafted striatum. Animals were tested for rotational asymmetries before grafting, post-implantation, and after lesioning. Compared to baseline rotational behavior, rats which received implants did not show changes in ipsilateral turning after QA lesions. This protective effect was not limited to rotational behavior since improvements in spontaneous locomotor activity were evident. In addition, the adipsia and aphagia often associated with striatal lesions were ameliorated in both groups of grafted animals. Morphometric analysis demonstrated that endogenous dopaminergic, cholinergic and enkephalinergic systems in the two transplanted groups sustained less excitotoxic damage than in the QA lesioned, non-grafted animals. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that a host generated response activated by the implantation procedure provides a protective effect against QA excitotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Transplants of purified astrocytes promote behavioral recovery after frontal cortex ablation.

Ablation of the medial frontal cortex produces a learning deficit on a reinforced alternation task. Recovery from this deficit was significantly accelerated in rats by transplantation of either cultured purified astrocytes or Gelfoam that had remained the previous 5 days in a brain wound in another animal (wound-Gelfoam). Cell-free extracts of wound-Gelfoam did not enhance behavioral recovery. Embryonic frontal cortex was effective only if transplanted with a delay after ablation. It appears from these results that transplants can facilitate functional recovery by more than one mechanism, including promotion of survival and reactive synaptogenesis of host neurons, stabilization of the damaged environment and replacement of lost neurons. In this study, glial cells were capable of facilitating recovery from central nervous system damage to the same extent as neuronal transplants.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A new method for radiolabeling of Gelfoam particles with 99mTc.

Embolization of the spleen and other organs using Gelfoam has recently gained acceptance as a therapeutic procedure. A simple non-invasive determination of the placement of Gelfoam particles is needed and this requires labeling Gelfoam with radionuclides. We have developed a simple, reliable reproducible, and inexpensive method of labeling Gelfoam with 99mTc using commercial sulfur colloid kits. Optimal reaction conditions include room temperature incubation for 60 min at 12 rpm rotation. In vitro stability indicated no loss of 99mTc activity up to 3 h post labeling. Imaging of intra-arterially placed 99mTc Gelfoam at 1 h and 24 h in animals and humans has consistently produced well-defined images of the radioemboli.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cultivation of murine bone marrow macrophages in sponges: a method that permits recovery of viable cultured cells.

Various investigators have cultured murine bone marrow or peritoneal cells in vitro on glass or plastic surfaces with the ultimate aim of retrieving adherent macrophages for morphologic and functional evaluation. The removal of these adherent macrophages by conventional techniques has been consistently accompanied by low yield and significant cell damage. We report here a simple technique for culturing murine bone marrow cells in gelatin sponges (Spongostan and Gelfoam) in growth medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 10% L-cell conditioned medium. Viable cells were retrieved from the sponges in 10 min by digestion with collagenase. The in situ growth kinetics were similar to those found for cells cultured on plastic dishes. The recovered cells were adherent, phagocytic, positive for Fc gamma receptors, and had esterase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Management of major hemoptysis in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Although bronchoscopy remains the best definitive method for localization of the site of hemorrhage in patients who have massive hemopytsis, angiography remains an important adjunct to this localization. When combined with embolization of the bleeding bronchial artery, it is an effective method of therapy for the management of massive hemoptysis in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparative evaluation of local hemostatic agents in experimental liver trauma: a study in the rat.

The efficacy of gelatin foam, oxidized regenerated cellulose, collagen fleece, and microcrystalline collagen as hemostatic agents was tested after standardized liver trauma in the rat. Experiments were divided into two series. In the first series all the above local hemostatic agents were tested on normal animals. Animals in which surgical gauze was applied to the traumatized surface served as controls. Nontreated animals bled profusely. Microcrystalline collagen and collagen fleece were more effective than gauze. In the second series collagen preparations were tested on animals with hemostatic disorders caused by administration of acetylsalicylic acid, ethanol intoxication, or infusion of bensylpenicillin. Collagen preparations were as effective as gauze in diminishing bleeding time and blood loss after liver trauma.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A reproducible rat liver cancer model for experimental therapy: introducing a technique of intrahepatic tumor implantation.

To investigate therapeutic strategies for hepatoma, it is necessary to have a reproducible animal model with a tumor growth pattern allowing accurate assessment of results. Many techniques of intrahepatic tumor implantation (IHTI) have been devised for intrahepatic tumor models. Most of them, however, have the disadvantage of high rates of artificial tumor dissemination during tumor implantation, which interferes with the evaluation of therapy. To overcome this problem, we have developed a technique of IHTI in which a piece of Gelfoam is placed into a small incision in the liver for the purpose of both hemostasis and formation of a tension-free pocket to accept the tumor implant. In 583 ACI rats receiving IHTI with Morris hepatoma 3924A, the tumor take rate was 100%. Resembling the natural course of human hepatoma, the implanted tumor grows locally early in the course of disease and eventually invades the surrounding organs causing ascites and also metastasizes to the lung. Liver microangiography demonstrated that the tumor received blood supply mainly from the hepatic artery. This IHTI technique was also compared to two other methods of IHTI: insertion of fragments without using Gelfoam and implantation with a tumor cell suspension. A significantly lower rate of early lung metastases was achieved with our technique (0%) in comparison with other two techniques (41 and 80%). We conclude that this rat liver cancer model is reproducible and allows efficient evaluation of treatment modalities for liver cancer without interference from tumor at undesirable sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of polylactic acid, Gelfoam, and Surgicel in healing extraction sites.

The search for a biodegradable material which may be placed in a fresh extraction socket to facilitate healing and prevent localized osteitis is a project which continues to hold much interest for oral surgeons. Polylactic acid is a biodegradable material which appears to have some promise in this area. The present study was devised to compare polylactic acid with two commonly used biodegradable substances and natural healing in order to determine the tissue response and suitability of polylactic acid as a treatment modality in fresh extraction sites. The over-all results were very satisfactory. The polylactic acid was well tolerated and did not interfere with the healing process.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1986

Myospherulosis of the alveolus secondary to the use of Terra-Cortril and Gelfoam. Report of a case.

Myospherulosis is a recently discovered disease apparently caused by the placement of mineral oil- or petrolatum-based products into various tissues. Terra-Cortril (a tetracycline/steroid ointment in a petrolatum base) on Gelfoam has been placed in the sockets of surgically removed third molars in an attempt to eliminate the occurrence of dry sockets. The case report presented here documents the radiographic progress of the disease for 6 years, showing an attempt by the bone to repair itself. A surgical procedure was performed to remove the affected tissue, and photographs were taken to illustrate the clinical appearance of the disease. The specimen consisted of a black, tarlike material which was completely encased in bone. Histologic examination was consistent with a diagnosis of myospherulosis.

Administration, Topical↗