PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “LIVER DISEASES, PARASITIC”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Duodenal and hepatic toxoplasmosis in a patient with HIV infection: review of the literature.

We report a case of watery diarrhea due to duodenal toxoplasmosis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Treatment with pyrimethamine, clindamycin, and folinic acid decreased the diarrhea as well as the duodenal toxoplasma cyst load. Hepatic toxoplasmosis was also present, associated with an elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity and a minimally elevated lactate dehydrogenase level.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

Acetaminophen plasma level after oral administration in liver cirrhotic patients suffering from schistosomal infection.

Hepatosplenic schistosomal infection is a common parasitic liver disease in Egypt, resulting in the formation of granuloma followed by fibrosis which leads to the chronic liver disease. Plasma level of acetaminophen (AAP) and its glucuronide and sulfate metabolites after oral administration at a dose of 1 g was determined in liver-cirrhotic younger (9 - 25 years old) and elderly patients (45 - 65 years old) suffering from schistosomal infection. These levels of AAP and its metabolites in patient groups were compared with those in corresponding healthy subject groups. Examinations for participants in the present study by physicians indicated the more severe cirrhosis in elderly patients compared to younger patients and the formation of collateral circulation and the renal insufficiency in elderly patients. The elimination of AAP from plasma was significantly prolonged in both younger and elderly patient groups. In elderly patients plasma concentration of AAP in early stage (before the time to reach Cmax) was significantly higher, indicating the partial avoidance of first-pass metabolism due to the formation of hepatic shunt pathway. Plasma concentration of AAP-glucuronide was greatly decreased in both patient groups, whereas no significant difference in the plasma concentration of AAP-sulfate compared to those in corresponding healthy subject groups. These results will suggest that with repeated dosing of AAP special care must be taken in schistosomal patients since the elimination of AAP from plasma is remarkably reduced.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1997

[Pseudotumor form of hepatic distomatosis: successful treatment with praziquantel].

Human Fasciola hepatica infection is usually discovered either early, during the acute (invasive) phase, or in the advanced phase, which is characterized by biliary complications. We report a case of liver distomatosis with nodular intra-hepatic lesions in a 58-year-old woman. Radiological investigations showed 3 nodular lesions in the VII segment, which were difficult to distinguish from liver metastases or liver abscesses. Distomatosis serology was positive with passive hemagglutination. After a 5-day treatment with praziquantel, clinical symptoms resolved quickly while serological tests became negative. Radiological images slowly decreased to a calcified scar at 13 months. No side-effects were noted. Praziquantel, whose efficacy in the common presentations of liver distomatosis has recently been demonstrated, also seems effective and well tolerated in case of nodular intra-hepatic lesions.

Antiplatyhelmintic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of hepatitis C virus infection on schistosomal liver disease.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was conducted to determine whether Hepatitis C virus infection has a role in patients with schistosomal liver disease. METHODOLOGY: Sixty patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and evidence of portal hypertension were seen at the Armed Forces Hospital Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over 5 years. The impact of Hepatitis C virus infection on chronic schistosomal liver disease was studied in 30 of these patients (group one) who were Hepatitis C virus positive and compared with the other 30 patients (group two) who were Hepatitis C virus negative (control group). RESULTS: Hepatitis C virus may be an important factor contributing to deterioration of liver function for patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Liver functions showed elevated ALT in 83.3% in group one compared to 23.4% in group two. Liver biopsy in 19 patients (group one) and 16 patients (group two) showed evidence of schistosomiasis and in patients of group one, liver biopsy also showed chronic active hepatitis together with Schistosoma in 57.9%, and cirrhosis in 31.6%. None of group two patients had cirrhosis. Alpha-fetoprotein levels were elevated in 16 patients (group one) and 3 of these patients had hepatocellular carcinoma. None of the control group had radiological or histological evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSION: The mean age of HCV positive patients was less than the HCV negative patients, which may indicate that Hepatitis C virus infection leads to decompensation of liver function earlier in patients with Schistosoma and severe liver disease may be promoted at a younger age in Schistosoma patients with hepatitis C.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Cell mediated immune response in chronic liver diseases: schistosomal, viral and neoplastic.

Cell mediated immune response (CMIR) was studies in 120 patients having chronic liver diseases. Patients were divided into 6 groups, (20 each). (1) Early hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis. (EHSS), (2) Late hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis. (LHSS), (3) Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis with hepatitis B and/or C infections, (4) Hepatitis B virus cases. (HBV), (5) Hepatitis C virus cases (HCV), (6) Hepatocellular carcinoma cases. (HCC). Twenty within normal subjects taken as controls. Laboratory investigations revealed significant esinophilia in patients of group (1), haemoglobin level was significantly reduced in patients of group (1, 2, 3, & 6), serum albumin was significantly reduced in group (2). The percentage of positivity of skin testing using purified protein derivative, ranged between 10% of patients with LHSS, HBV, HCC and HSS with HBV and/or HCV, 20% of patients with HCV and 25% of patients with EHSS. Percentage of positivity in control group was 100%. The mean diameter of delayed intradermal reaction (2.2 +/- 0.5-6.1 +/- 2.1 mms.) was significantly lower in patients than controls. The response of lymphocyte transformation test to phytohaemmagglutinin was significantly lower in patients when compared to controls. The association of HBV and/or HCV with hepatosplenomegaly was accompanied with a marked depression in cell mediated immune response. Anaemia, hypoalbuminemia and nutritional status of the patients with chronic liver diseases play a major role in the suppression of cell mediated immune response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Assessment of portal hemodynamics by Doppler ultrasound and of liver morphology in the hepatosplenic and hepatointestinal forms of schistosomiasis mansoni.

The aim of this study was to compare portal and splenic blood flows and the liver morphology in hepatosplenic (HS) and hepatointestinal (HI) schistosomiasis. Doppler ultrasound measurements were performed in 48 adult patients with schistosomiasis, according to the criteria of the World Health Organization, and compared with those performed in 20 healthy controls. Portal flow was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in both HS and HI (2481 +/- 1467 and 2159 +/- 1446 ml/min, respectively) than in normal individuals (842 +/- 322 ml/min). There was no difference in splenic blood flow (822 +/- 685 and 458 +/- 292 ml/min, respectively) between HS and HI, but these values were significantly higher than those of normal controls (243 +/- 94 ml/min). Portal and splenic overflow are found in both the HS and the HI forms of schistosomiasis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic Lin operation for the treatment of polycystic liver disease.

Non parasitic hepatic cysts are a clinical entity that is often associated with polycystic kidney disease. We report the case of a 75 year-old woman who presented with symptomatic but non complicated polycystic liver disease. The treatment consisted of laparoscopic fenestration of a large simple cyst located in the left hepatic lobe. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient remains free of symptoms at 18-months follow-up. Selected patients with symptomatic but uncomplicated polycystic liver disease and favourable anatomy benefit from laparoscopic fenestration of the cysts with low morbidity and hospital stay.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Hepatic coccidiosis associated with hepatic necrosis in a goat.

Hepatic coccidiosis, usually caused by a member of the genus Eimeria, is common in rabbits but rare in other mammals. We describe the first reported case of naturally occurring hepatic coccidiosis in a goat. An approximately 6-month-old crossbred goat was presented with a history of diarrhea for 1 week and death. The liver had grossly visible, coalescing foci of necrosis measuring up to 6 cm in greatest dimension. Microscopically, areas of coagulative necrosis also had ectatic and hyperplastic bile ducts that contained coccidial meronts, macrogamonts, and microgamonts within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. Bile duct lumina contained scattered oocysts. Fibrosis and aggregates of lymphocytes surrounded affected ducts. Microscopic and ultrastructural characteristics of coccidian stages were compatible with the genus Eimeria, but the species could not be determined. The small intestine also had coccidiosis; however, it was unclear whether or not the same coccidian species affected both the liver and the intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Experimental Schistosoma bovis infection in goats: the inflammatory response in the small intestine and liver in various phases of infection and reinfection.

In a histopathological study of goats experimentally infected with Schistosoma bovis, the characteristics of the inflammatory response in the small intestine and liver related to tissue egg counts and fecal egg excretion were compared between goats at different time periods of primary infection and of primary infection followed by challenge. At early patency, coinciding with increasing egg excretion, the intestinal lamina propria showed numerous intact schistosome eggs devoid of any inflammatory reaction, whereas egg-associated inflammatory foci in the intestine were significantly few. Later in primary infection and after challenge, intestinal changes were marked by a granulomatous anti-egg response, with only a minor component of eggs lacking inflammatory change, and were consistent with a reduction of egg transfer into the gut wall. Hepatocellular necrosis with eosinophil infiltration was pronounced only during the early patent stage. The results indicate that the early cascade of fecal egg excretion in caprine schistosomosis bovis is aided by a low degree of tissue reactivity to eggs in the intestine. They also lend support to previous findings indicating that an anti-fecundity effect is operative after exposure to challenge in this parasitic infection in goats.

Animals↗