PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Language”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Classroom assessment of the use of compact language drills: a technique borrowed from foreign language teaching.

Many deaf children have great difficulty learning how to use irregular English verbs. This research study seeks to exemplify how a single-case, ABA design can be used by classroom teachers in making a determination about the usefulness of classroom teaching strategies, and in the case of this study, to explore the use of compact language drills (CLDs) as a technique for helping a deaf child improve his ability to use 4 irregular verbs. The CLDs were conducted 5-10 minutes each day for five weeks at the close of school. The drills engaged the child in immediate recall of simple sentences loaded with semantic/syntactic clues which signalled the need for a past, present or future irregular verb within the target sentence. The results suggest that CLDs, when used systematically, can significantly improve a child's ability to use irregular verbs correctly, both immediately following treatment, and across time.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Language specificity in lexical organization: evidence from deaf signers' lexical organization of American Sign Language and English.

A sign decision task, in which deaf signers made a decision about the number of hands required to form a particular sign of American Sign Language (ASL), revealed significant facilitation by repetition among signs that share a base morpheme. A lexical decision task on English words revealed facilitation by repetition among words that share a base morpheme in both English and ASL, but not among those that share a base morpheme in ASL only. This outcome occurred for both deaf and hearing subjects. The results are interpreted as evidence that the morphological principles of lexical organization observed in ASL do not extend to the organization of English for skilled deaf readers.

Cues↗
PubMed1997

From natural language to formal language: when MultiTALE meets GALEN.

In the GALEN project, the syntactic-semantic tagger MultiTALE is upgraded to extract knowledge from natural language surgical procedure expressions. In this paper, we describe the methodology applied and show that out of a randomly selected sample of such expressions, 81% could be analysed correctly. The problems encountered are summarised and areas of further investigation identified.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Acceptability of Unified Medical Language System terms as substitute for natural language general medicine clinic diagnoses.

The acceptability of using the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concept phrases to substitute for physicians' diagnosis statements was investigated. Physician diagnosis statements recorded in the University of New Mexico's General Medicine Clinic were input into a computer program that automatically finds the best matching UMLS concept phrases. The computer program written in C++ integrates UMLS searching and browsing with a graphical user interface. Five attending physicians in the Department of Internal Medicine rated the acceptability of the UMLS concept phrase as a substitute for the original physician statement. One hundred and ninety-five patients' notes were examined with 447 diagnosis statements recorded of which 271 statements were unique. Attending physicians rated their satisfaction with the automated UMLS substitutes on a scale of 1 (extremely dissatisfied) to 5 (extremely satisfied). Intrarater (mean 0.94) and interrater correlations (mean 0.75) were high. The mean rating was 4.0 (quite satisfied). Most (73%) of the substitution were satisfactory (rating of 4 or 5), 16% were neutral (rating of 3), and 21% were unsatisfactory (rating of 1 or 2). A review of the substitutions showed a frequent lack of clinical modifier terms in UMLS as has been previously described. Comparison to a previous study shows the broader term coverage of UMLS to be a more acceptable source of diagnosis codes than using International Classification of Diseases revision 9 alone. These results suggest that UMLS can be an effective tool for coding unconstrained physician diagnoses.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[French language pharmaceutical publications in 1995. I. Assessment and analysis of French language pharmaceutical periodicals].

Periodicals constitute a vital source of information and an invaluable continuing education medium to pharmacists. The aim of the present study was to compile the list of the 83 pharmacy-related periodicals published in French as at 1995 with a view to establishing their main characteristics. The first part focuses on the definition of the concept of "French language pharmaceutical periodicals" selected for the survey needed a) to be in circulation in 1995 and published at least two times a year, b) published by pharmacists or non-pharmacists but must carry articles intended to help, inform, or retrain pharmacists irrespective of their specialties (community, hospital, biological or industrial pharmacy) as well as their closest collaborators (assistants, technicians, etc.) and c) published in French. The second section presents the methodology of the survey, which consisted essentially in consulting publisher and library catalogs and direct interviews with embassies and Pharmacy Associations in French-speaking countries. Questionnaires were also sent out to editors of periodicals and the information gathered was analysed by computer. The following section reproduces the results of the the survey: These were classified into three categories: scientific, professional, and continuing education periodicals. The last section concentrates on their readership (national, international), frequency, modalities of publication, date of creation, indexing in bibliographic databases.

Language↗
PubMed1985

Sex differences in the lateralization of language discrimination vs language production.

Two tachistoscopic studies employing normal males and females were done to investigate the inconsistency of obtained sex differences on visual laterality tasks to the extent that this inconsistency is task specific. Type of linguistic task (discrimination vs production) and control of attention were manipulated. Results showed that on language discrimination, the sexes were fairly equally lateralized, while on production tasks, females showed greater laterality differences. The attempt to control for attention resulted in higher field differences, but especially so for females. It is suggested that more consideration of task demands in laterality experiments should help clarify the nature of sex differences in laterality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Language deficits, localization, and grammar: evidence for a distributive model of language breakdown in aphasic patients and neurologically intact individuals.

Selective deficits in aphasic patients' grammatical production and comprehension are often cited as evidence that syntactic processing is modular and localizable in discrete areas of the brain (e.g., Y. Grodzinsky, 2000). The authors review a large body of experimental evidence suggesting that morpho-syntactic deficits can be observed in a number of aphasic and neurologically intact populations. They present new data showing that receptive agrammatism is found not only over a range of aphasic groups, but is also observed in neurologically intact individuals processing under stressful conditions. The authors suggest that these data are most compatible with a domain-general account of language, one that emphasizes the interaction of linguistic distributions with the properties of an associative processor working under normal or suboptimal conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

English-as-a-second language (ESL) nursing students: strategies for building verbal and written language skills.

With the growing number of foreign-born residents in the United States, nurse educators face the challenge of educating students who may have difficulty with the English language. There are an estimated 28.4 million foreign-born residents in the United States, which is the largest number in the history of this country (U.S. Census Bureau, 2001). The U.S. census report (2001) shows that the Hispanic/Latino population has increased by 57.9% since 1990 and now accounts for 12.5% of the total population. Another fast growing group is the Asian population that has increased by 48.3% since 1990 and now accounts for 3.6% of the total population. The Annual Report of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN, 2001) shows that the minority representation in baccalaureate programs has also increased with the Hispanic/Latino students at 4.8% and the Asian/Pacific Islander/Hawaiian students at 4.7% of the undergraduate nursing student population. Several authors (Abriam-Yago, Yoder, & Kataoka-Yahiro, 1999; Lester, 1998; Davidhizar, Dowd, & Geiger, 1998; Dowell, 1996; Andrews, 1992) have discussed the importance of increasing the number of ethnic minority nurses to insure the quality of healthcare to an increasingly diverse population. As the nursing shortage deepens, recruiting minorities into nursing is essential to meet the increasing demand. This change presents unique challenges and opportunities in nursing education. Colleges and universities will need to develop innovative programs to attract these nontraditional students, and support programs to help them complete the nursing curriculum.

Asian↗