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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

PCR based identification and discrimination of agents of mucormycosis and aspergillosis in paraffin wax embedded tissue.

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal infections are often diagnosed by histopathology without identification of the causative fungi, which show significantly different antifungal susceptibilities. AIMS: To establish and evaluate a system of two seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to identify and discriminate between agents of aspergillosis and mucormycosis in paraffin wax embedded tissue samples. METHODS: DNA of 52 blinded samples from five different centres was extracted and used as a template in two PCR assays targeting the mitochondrial aspergillosis DNA and the 18S ribosomal DNA of zygomycetes. RESULTS: Specific fungal DNA was identified in 27 of 44 samples in accordance with a histopathological diagnosis of zygomycosis or aspergillosis, respectively. Aspergillus fumigatus DNA was amplified from one specimen of zygomycosis (diagnosed by histopathology). In four of 16 PCR negative samples no human DNA was amplified, possibly as a result of the destruction of DNA before paraffin wax embedding. In addition, eight samples from clinically suspected fungal infections (without histopathological proof) were examined. The two PCR assays detected a concomitant infection with Absidia corymbifera and A fumigatus in one, and infections with Rhizopus arrhizus and A fumigatus in another two cases. CONCLUSIONS: The two seminested PCR assays described here can support a histopathological diagnosis of mucormycosis or aspergillosis, and can identify the infective agent, thereby optimising antifungal treatment.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1990

Multiple brain abscesses from isolated cerebral mucormycosis.

A report is presented of a patient with cerebral mucormycosis without rhinosinusal or systemic evidence of the disease. The predisposing condition was drug-induced immunosuppression. Computed tomography (CT) showed focal areas of abnormal enhancement which correlated with necropsy findings of localised parenchymal brain damage; this represented encapsulated brain abscesses, a rare form of presentation of cerebral mucormycosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Local application of antimycotics in mucormycosis cerebri: a case report.

A 65 year old man was found to have mucormycosis cerebri during immunosuppression after treatment of hairy cell leukaemia with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. Although mucormycosis cerebri has a poor prognosis, the patient survived after systemic administration of high dose amphotericin B, extensive excision of the abscess, and additional local application of amphotericin B with the help of an absorbable gelatin sponge.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis.

Nine cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis are reviewed. Eight patients had diabetes and 7 had symptoms related to the orbit. Roentgen analysis of focal bone destruction and uniform mucosal thickening will frequently suggest the diagnosis. Mucormycosis should be suspected in the diabetic patient with destruction of the walls of the bony sinuses, especially when multiple sinus involvement suggests an etiology other than neoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis in a renal transplant patient.

The clinical course and management of a rare case of gastrointestinal mucormycosis occurring in a renal transplant patient are presented. The diagnosis was made on pathological examination of surgically resected tissue from the colon, spleen and stomach. The patient did not survive the infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the 11th reported case of gastrointestinal mucormycosis in a solid organ transplant patient. The pathophysiology, incidence and prognosis of this disease are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Cure of mucormycosis in a renal transplant patient receiving ciclosporin with maintenance of immunosuppression.

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in renal transplant recipients is associated with high mortality and allograft rejection. We report the first case of successful treatment of mucormycosis in a renal transplant recipient receiving ciclosporin and corticosteroids with maintenance of renal function. It is postulated that the relatively specific immunosuppression caused by ciclosporin, together with aggressive medical and surgical intervention, may enable the cure of this life-threatening fungal infection without loss of donor kidney function.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Successful treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis with liposomal amphotericin B and surgery in two diabetic patients with renal dysfunction.

The zygomycetes are a class of fungi that can cause a variety of infections in humans. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a rare disease and usually affects diabetic or immunosuppressed patients. The disease progresses rapidly and is usually fatal despite aggressive surgical and medical therapy. We report the management of two cases of rhino-sinusal and orbital mucormycosis in diabetic patients on treatment with corticosteroids, and mild renal impairment, successfully treated with a combination of aggressive surgical debridement and liposomal amphotericin B.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1996

Disseminated mucormycosis presenting with lower extremity weakness.

Mucormycosis is an uncommon, but important opportunistic fungal infection. The most commonly reported areas of infection are pulmonary, rhinocerebral and cutaneous. It has only rarely been reported to cause peripheral neurological symptoms. This report presents the case of a patient who presented with ascending paralysis due to pulmonary mucormycosis. The presentation is believed to be due to a lesion which abutted the vertebral column and caused infarction of the spinal cord.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Mucormycosis mimicks sinusitis in a diabetic adult.

Fungal sinusitis caused by invasive fungal infections, such as Mucormycosis, occurs predominantly in an immunocompromised patient. However, invasive cranial bone mycoses are rare and are usually associated with host immunodeficiency. They are difficult to diagnose, and in many cases are fatal. Treatment consists of antifungal chemotherapy, radical surgical debridement, and control of the underlying immunological condition. We report a case of Mucormycosis in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The patient had a history of dental pathology and associated renal dysfunction. The patient was managed by extensive surgical debridement followed by amphotericin B lipid complex injection (Abelcet 5 mg/bw kg/day) as an antifungal agent. Our patient's ocular function was affected. The radical treatment and follow-up by a multidisciplinary team eliminated the mucor-related consequences, however, the patient died because of end-stage renal failure. In conclusion, type 1 diabetes may be associated with invasive fungal sinusitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Improving outcomes in rhinocerebral mucormycosis--early diagnostic pointers and prognostic factors.

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is an uncommon, rapidly progressive, highly fatal sinus infection, usually occurring in immunocompromised hosts. We describe our clinical experience with nine such consecutive cases managed at our centre, with emphasis on identifying early diagnostic and prognostic features. Perinasal cellulitis/paraesthesia was the most frequent early clinical sign of disease, being evident in at least six cases. Periorbital oedema, mucopurulent rhinorrhoea and nasal crusting were the other early manifestations. Concurrent computed tomography (CT) scan at this initial stage however revealed only minimal mucosal thickening of the sinuses in all four cases wherein it was done. Intracranial extension as evident on CT was the only adverse prognostic sign (p<0.05). The present report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt institution of antifungal chemotherapy in ensuring a favourable outcome in rhinocerebral mucormycosis. However, initial CT is frequently near-normal and biopsy time-consuming and often not feasible. To optimize early diagnosis therefore, the clinician should be highly alert to certain subtle clinical signs, in the appropriate setting of an immunocompromised patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Pott's puffy tumour caused by mucormycosis.

A case of Pott's puffy tumour in a diabetic patient with renal failure is reported. The patient did not respond to intravenous antibiotics and further investigation revealed that the patient had mucormycosis. As far as we are aware, this is the first case of Pott's puffy tumour due to mucormycosis to be reported in the literature.

Abscess↗
PubMed2006

Disseminated mucormycosis in haematological patients: CT and MRI findings with pathological correlation.

Disseminated mucormycosis is a rare, mostly fatal infectious complication in immunocompromised haematological patients. The purpose of our study was to describe the multiorgan manifestations of disseminated mucormycosis documented at CT and MRI in four patients and correlate these with the pathological findings and patient outcome. Irrespective of the site of infection, infarction or haemorrhage are the constant features of invasive mycosis. Identification of one or both of these two major imaging findings in immunocompromised patients should be regarded as an indicator of possible infection by angiotropic fungi, including the genre Mucorales.

Adult↗
PubMed2025

Hematological diseases-related mucormycosis: A retrospective single center study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening invasive fungal infection. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with hematologic malignancies complicated with mucormycosis. METHODS: This retrospective study investigated the clinical characteristics, epidemiological features, treatment, and prognosis of 46 patients with hematological diseases and Mucor infection as indicated by mNGS from August 28, 2020 to September 11, 2023. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) refers to the application of high-throughput sequencing technology for the comprehensive analysis of nucleic acid content in patient samples, facilitating the detection and characterization of microbial DNA and/or RNA, and then comparing and analyzing the results with an information database to determine the types of pathogenic microorganisms present in the sample. RESULTS: The median age of admission for the included patients was 49 years (9-78). Multivariate analysis identified age over 60 years (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.006&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05), high-dose corticosteroids (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.001&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05), neutropenia lasting more than 10 days (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.041&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05), and two or more Mucor infections (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.004&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05) were independent risk factors for OS in patients with hematological diseases. Moreover, differences between groups were analyzed using the Fisher exact probability method, and no significant difference was observed in the efficacy of various types of antifungal therapies. CONCLUSION: Patients with hematologic malignancies benefit greatly from early diagnosis and treatment when suspected of Mucor infection. mNGS is an important supplementary method for early diagnosis of Mucor infection. Moderated use of corticosteroids, reducing the duration of neutropenia, and enhancing autologous immune function are important measures to reduce patient mortality rate.

Retrospective Studies↗
PubMed1998

Cutaneous zygomycosis (mucormycosis) complicating endotracheal intubation: diagnosis and successful treatment.

Diagnosis and successful therapy for primary cutaneous zygomycosis (mucormycosis) that complicated the securing of an endotracheal tube with cloth tape. Primary cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection noted most often in immunosuppressed individuals. Cloth tape, of the type commonly used to secure endotracheal tubes, often is contaminated with fungal spores. In the case reported here, cloth tape securing the endotracheal tube was the probable vector for transmission of zygomycosis to a moderately imunocompromised host. Rapid diagnosis and combined medical and surgical therapy resulted in a favorable outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The role of BAL in the diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis.

Five patients with pulmonary mucormycosis diagnosed during life are described. All had underlying predisposing conditions: either posttransplant or hematologic malignancies. In all cases, the diagnosis was made using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. In three patients, BAL was diagnostic. In two of these patients, the diagnosis was made by identifying the typical hyphae of mucormycosis in the BAL fluid alone. Transbronchial biopsy was diagnostic in three patients. Treatment was based on IV antifungal chemotherapy together with surgical removal of involved lung tissue whenever feasible. The clinical outcome of these patients was dismal and was determined primarily by the underlying condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pulmonary mucormycosis with massive fatal hemoptysis.

Abrupt, massive, and fatal hemoptysis occurred in two patients with pulmonary mucormycosis. One patient had uucontrolled diabetes mellitus and the other acute leukemia in remission. Pulmonary artery erosion by mucormycotic hyphae caused the hemorrhage cases. Mucormycosis is an unusual cause of massive hemoptysis.

Adult↗