PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Object Attachment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Attachment in late adolescence: working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others.

The purpose of this study was to examine the coherence of attachment organization during late adolescence. In a sample of 53 first-year college students, 3 kinds of working models of attachment were assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview: Dismissing of Attachment, Secure, and Preoccupied with Attachment. Affect regulation was evaluated with peer Q-sort ratings of Ego-Resiliency, Ego-Undercontrol, Hostility, and Anxiety, and representations of self and others were assessed with self-report measures of distress, perceived competence, and social support. The Secure group was rated as more ego-resilient, less anxious, and less hostile by peers and reported little distress and high levels of social support. The Dismissing group was rated low on ego-resilience and higher on hostility by peers and reported more distant relationships in terms of more loneliness and low levels of social support from family. The Preoccupied group was viewed as less ego-resilient and more anxious by peers and reported high levels of personal distress, while viewing their family as more supportive than the Dismissing group. These findings are interpreted in terms of different styles of affect regulation and representational bias associated with particular working models of attachment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Attachment anxiety and reciprocity as moderators of interpersonal attraction.

In integrating the interpersonal domains of attraction, perceived reciprocity, and attachment security, the prediction was made that positive interpersonal feedback (reciprocity) would lead to a greater increase in attraction ratings for anxiously versus securely attached individuals and, correspondingly, negative interpersonal feedback would cause a greater diminution in attraction ratings for anxiously versus securely attached individuals, with neutral feedback having no differential effect. For a sample of 154 college students, these predictions as well as an unanticipated gender finding were supported. The findings and clinical implications concerning the susceptibility of anxiously attached individuals to positive interpersonal cues are discussed in terms of a compromised sense of the availability and responsiveness of attachment figures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attaching a new understanding to the patient-physician relationship in family practice.

BACKGROUND: As a result of continuity of care with patients and their families, family physicians are uniquely poised to form enduring clinical relationships with their patients. The degree of collaboration in and satisfaction with the patient-provider alliance has been shown to have important implications for treatment outcomes across a range of medical problems. Providing optimal care can require family physicians to appreciate the sequelae of having clinically relevant aspects of past relationships emerge in the health care relationship, both in their patients and in themselves. A conceptual model is essential to assist in recognizing these key aspects. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE. Key words entered were "illness" and "attachment theory." Thirty-five English-only articles appeared from which further relevant references were gathered. RESULTS: Attachment theory serves as a useful model for highlighting important features of physician-patient relationships, which can affect treatment outcome in the family practice setting. It posits that everyone has an innate need to form strong attachment bonds to their earliest caregivers. To ensure survival, the child adapts its bonding to the caregiver's attachment style. With time, the maturing person develops a style of relating in subsequent caregiving relationships based on these early, and to some extent later, close relationships. Insecure attachment styles that can develop--dismissing, preoccupied, and fearful--have been shown to affect the clinical relationship and medical treatment outcomes often in important and predictable ways. CONCLUSION: Family physicians can more easily adopt an understanding, compassionate, and flexible treatment stance by recognizing patients' unique attachment relationship patterns, thereby improving medical treatment outcome.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1991

Interactional synchrony and the origins of infant-mother attachment: a replication study.

This study sought to replicate previous work in testing the hypothesis that interactions of dyads developing secure attachment relationships would be characterized by disproportionately synchronous and those of dyads developing insecure relationships by disproportionately asynchronous exchanges. Additionally, a priori hypotheses were tested regarding expected differences in the interactional histories of dyads developing insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant attachments. Results supported the study's predictions in all cases. Dyads developing secure attachments were observed at 3 and 9 months to interact in a disproportionately well-timed, reciprocal, and mutually rewarding manner; dyads developing insecure relationships were disproportionately characterized by interactions in which mothers were minimally involved, unresponsive to infant signals, or intrusive. Within the insecure group, as predicted, 3- and 9-month interactions of avoidant dyads were characterized by maternal intrusiveness and overstimulation; resistant dyads were characterized at both ages by poorly coordinated interactions in which mothers were underinvolved and inconsistent. These findings are discussed as they lend to a growing body of evidence concerning associations between differential interactional histories and attachment quality.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Attachment and separateness. A dialectic model of the products and processes of development throughout the life cycle.

Various theories of psychological development can be characterized according to whether they are primarily separation or attachment theories and whether they emphasize primarily the processes or the products of development. A full understanding of psychological development requires an integration of theories of attachment and separation and of what is attained in the course of psychological development (the products), as well as the mechanisms (or processes) by which these products are attained. Discussion of a revised model of Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development illustrates the importance of formulating a dialectical developmental model that describes the interaction between attachment and separation and between product and process.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Dis-attachment.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Attachment to parents and peers in late adolescence and their relationship with self-image.

This paper examines older adolescents' (ages 16-18) perceived levels of attachment to parents and peers and explores their relationship with self-image. Four high school samples were the source of 167 questionnaires. Levels of attachment were measured using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, and self-image was assessed using the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire. An ANOVA identified significant gender differences, and a multiple regression was used to measure the relationship between attachment and self-image. It was found that attachment to parents continues to remain strong into late adolescence for males and females. Females had significantly stronger attachment to peers. Males had a significantly higher level of self-image in a variety of areas of functioning. Attachment to parents was found to have a significant relationship with coping aspects of self-image, while peer attachment had a strong effect with self-image particularly in areas that gain prominence during this developmental period, such as body-image, vocational goals, and sexuality attitudes. In examining how institutional groups can enhance attachment relationships, it was found that, especially among females, groups that stress self-expression and self-discovery may enhance attachment relationships and self-image.

Aspirations, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

Traumatic stress and attachment.

Traumatic stress in the normal individual results in activation of the sympatho-adrenal system causing a rise in noradrenaline and adrenaline, stimulation of the thyroid system causing increased secretion of thyroid hormones and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system resulting in elevated levels of cortisol. Studies in animals and in humans with posttraumatic stress disorder indicate that chronic traumatic stress can result in dissociation of the sympatho-adrenal medullary and the HPA system resulting in sustained elevations of the former system but suppressed or altered ACTH-corticoid responsivity. As reviewed by Henry, self preservative behavior with its emphasis on power and control, is associated with catecholamines, thyroid hormones and left hemispheric functioning while species preservative behavior, with its emphasis on attachment, familiarity, reverence and synchronicity, is associated with cortisol, oxytocin and right hemispheric functioning. Traumatic stress seems to disturb this hemispheric balance which is reflected in the suppression of cortisol and loss of attachment behavior and other species preservative right hemispheric functions.

Animals↗