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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The malaria vaccine development program in Papua New Guinea.

Through a collaborative project led by the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research (PNGIMR), Papua New Guinea has a significant role in the global effort to develop a malaria vaccine, ensuring that the malaria patterns in Asia and the Pacific region are considered in vaccine development strategies. Some of the major perspectives and achievements of the program are discussed here, one of the most successful being the trial of Combination B, a vaccine comprising three asexual blood-stage proteins [merozoite surface protein (MSP)1, MSP2 and ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA)], which led to a considerable reduction of parasite density in the immunized children.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Switching of chemoattractant receptors programs development and morphogenesis in Dictyostelium: receptor subtypes activate common responses at different agonist concentrations.

One of the common functional features among G-protein coupled receptors is the occurrence of multiple subtypes involved in similar signal transduction events. The cAMP chemoattractant receptor family of Dictyostelium discoideum is composed of four receptors (cAR1-cAR4), which are expressed sequentially throughout the developmental transition from a unicellular to a multicellular organism. The receptors differ in affinity for cAMP and in the sequences of their C-terminal domains. In this study, we constitutively expressed cAR1, cAR2, and cAR3 as well as a series of chimeric and mutant receptors and assessed the capacity of each to mediate chemotaxis, activation of adenylyl cyclase and actin polymerization, and rescue the developmental defect of car1-/car3- cells. We found that various receptors and mutants sense different concentration ranges of cAMP but all can mediate identical responses during the aggregation stage of development. The responses displayed very similar kinetics, suggesting no major differences in regulatory properties attributable to the C-terminal domains. We speculate that switching of receptor subtypes during development enables the organism to respond to the changing concentrations of the chemoattractant and thereby program morphogenesis appropriately.

Actins↗
PubMed1986

United States National Cancer Institute Radiotherapy Development Program.

The United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) has long supported research in radiotherapy since its establishment by an act of Congress in 1937. One of the first grants for research awarded in 1938 was to support work in developing a cyclotron for conducting clinical research on therapeutic uses of neutrons and radioactive isotopes. Support for training cancer specialists was given high priority in the early days of NCI. In 1961, the Cancer Centers Program was instituted which included a radiation research program that became the primary source of grant support for radiotherapy clinical research centers in the US. There is a need for radiotherapy research because approximately 50-60% of people with newly diagnosed cancers will receive radiotherapy at some time during their disease. In 1979, the Radiotherapy Development Branch (RDP) assumed responsibility for all radiation program grants including radiation physics, radiobiology, and radiotherapy. The RDB manages a portfolio of grants and contracts with an annual budget of over $45 million. In fiscal year (FY) 1984, research support for individual investigator grants, program project grants, and contracts amounted to $22, 15, and 6 million, respectively. The accomplishments of NCI research grantees and contractors in radiotherapy-related areas have been considerable over the past 45 years. It is essential that NCI continue its commitment to radiotherapy research and development.

National Institutes of Health (U.S.)↗
PubMed1986

Hospice program development: the nurse as a change agent.

A theory is an explanation of the interrelation among facts, concepts, or propositions. A number of theories are used in the process of hospice program assessment, including nursing process, change systems, and role theory. Collaboration between systems is crucial to the development of a smooth-running, effective hospital-community network. As a result of the theories utilized, the tools and skills needed to effect change, the driving and restraining forces that need to be identified, and the need to focus on a specific goal have been described. Although the theories utilized in this hospice study will not predict the outcome of the project, they have provided us with structure that enables us to guide our action and organize our approach to program analysis.

Hospices↗
PubMed1986

Integrating knowledge and behavior: development of a management and career development program for graduate health administration education.

How best to integrate cognitive learning and behavioral skills in health administration education has been a concern of both academics and practitioners for many years. Charged with the education of health care administrators, graduate programs are expected to produce persons who are both knowledgeable about the field in which they plan to be employed and skilled in carrying out the many tasks associated with successful performance in their future roles. This article describes the theoretical basis and design of the management and career development offering (MCDO) of Widener University's Graduate Program in Health and Medical Services Administration, the key objectives of which are to integrate cognitive learning with practical experience and to provide a mechanism for the development of needed professional skills in a low-risk academic atmosphere. It was clear that these objectives could not be achieved entirely within a traditional academic curriculum, nor were they always appropriately treated there. However, the complexity of the health care field, the growing demands placed on administrators, and conflicts arising within and between roles increase the necessity to integrate these theoretical and behavioral skills.

Behavior↗
PubMed2001

The Social Behavior Inventory for children in a child abuse treatment program: development of a tool to measure interpersonal behavior.

This article presents information about a tool that can be completed in a few minutes to measure the interpersonal behavior of childen particpating in a child abuse treatment program. One sample of children came from the community and had no reported history of abuse or mental health services. A second sample was children obtaining therapy services through a child abuse treatment program. Factor analysis of scores provided by parents for their children obtaining therapy services led to the development of three scales to assess aversive interpersonal behavior, two to measure prosocial interpersonal behavior, and one to measure total interpersonal competence. Numerous indices of liability and validity are presented. Data delineated the potential value of the scales for assessing the impact of therapy. The current results suggested that the Social Behavior Inventory may have value as a measure of interpersonal behavior when providing therapy to children in a child abuse treatment program if used prudently.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The Commission on Ophthalmic standards--the American Optometric Association's standards development program.

The American Optometric Association has been concerned with ophthalmic standards for over fifty years. This paper describes this involvement and how it has led to the creation of the Commission on Ophthalmic Standards. The commission's scope and function and the responsibilities of the Director of Standards Development are given. The progress of the commission's program has been temporarily delayed due to a proposed FTC rule on voluntary standards setting organizations.

Eyeglasses↗
PubMed1976

Toward program development.

An era of disciplined thinking may result not only in acknowledging but also in addressing those questions that may lead to a consistent examination of existing programs within a profession. This paper is one attemp at encouraging the professional membership to continue to address: 1. the nature and focus of the content and practice environments of the field of Occupational Therapy; 2. two approaches to investigating the distinctive character of the field of Occupational Therapy-the Separate Domain Approach and the Retroductive Approach; 3. and the basic documents developed and/or sponsored by the professional organization-in this case-The Ohio State Study (1), the NIH Study (2), and the Curriculum Guide (3).

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1993

A case study of a coordinated care program: development and implementation of Fort Sill's Catchment Area Management Project.

One of the Department of Defense's initiatives to contain costs of the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services is the Catchment Area Management (CAM) Demonstration Project. CAM's fundamental coordinated care concept is to contain the military's health care costs by granting the military treatment facility (MTF) commander full clinical and fiscal responsibility for the health care of all beneficiaries within the MTF's catchment area. This article describes the CAM Demonstration Project at Fort Sill during its developmental and implementation phase from June 1989 to April 1991. The six operational goals of the CAM Project are identified and discussed. Additionally, nine essential lessons learned are briefly reviewed.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed2002

[Sepsis. The fundamentals of the therapeutic program development].

The more than ten-year experience of treatment of 287 patients with sepsis, caused by severe surgical disease of the soft tissues, was summarized. Algorithm of therapeutic program was proposed. Necessity of specialized hospitals organization was substantiated. Was paid attention on importance of early diagnosis of sepsis, full value treatment of primary focus of infection and conduction of therapy, based on principles of evidence-based medicine.

Anti-Infective Agents↗