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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Treatment of stripping perforations.

Strippings are problems that are frequent on thin and concave roots. Treatment and prognosis differ from that of a lateral root perforation because of the size, oval shape, and thin edges of the striping. We propose a two-step technique: an endodontic phase in which the root canal system is sealed with gutta-percha overflowing through the stripping perforation and a surgical second step that will allow elimination of this excess.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Apical sealing using two thermoplasticized gutta-percha techniques compared with lateral condensation.

This study was conducted to compare the apical sealing capacity of three filling techniques, a multiphase gutta-percha obturation technique, JS Quickfill, and lateral gutta-percha condensation. A four-stage stepback preparation was executed with circumferential filing in a total of 70 recently extracted permanent maxillary incisors and canines. Three experimental groups (20 teeth in each group) and two control groups (5 teeth in each group) were formed at random. Each experimental group was obturated with a different technique. The positive control group was not obturated. In the negative control group, the whole root was covered with two full nail varnish layers. Teeth were immersed in India ink for 48 h, demineralized, cleared with methyl salicylate, and examined with a stereomicroscope. None of the specimens obturated with the multiphase gutta-percha obturation system showed any penetration of India ink beyond the end of the preparation. In the groups of teeth obturated by JS Quickfill or lateral gutta-percha condensation, leakage was detected in one specimen from each group. No statistically significant differences were seen among groups. We conclude that the newer thermoplasticized filling techniques can be used successfully to obturate root canals in large, straight roots.

Carbon↗
PubMed1999

A survey of filling methods, intracanal medications, and instrument breakage.

The present survey was conducted to obtain answers to some basic questions regarding the use of intracanal medications, root canal filling methods, and the intracanal breakage of instruments. A letter was sent to 300 endodontists listed in the 1995-1996 membership roster of the American Association of Endodontists. Eighty-five replies were received. Calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication was used by 91.7% of the responding endodontists. With regard to the root canal filling technique, 52.9% used the lateral condensation method. When intracanal breakage occurred, 95.3% of the respondents informed the patient. The results of this survey provide useful information for the education of undergraduate dental students.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of pigmented intraorifice barriers in endodontically treated teeth.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three pigmented glass ionomer cements used as intraorifice barriers to prevent coronal microleakage. One hundred ten extracted mandibular human premolars were divided into four experimental groups of 25 teeth each and two control groups of 5 teeth each. The experimental teeth were instrumented and obturated using thermoplasticized gutta-percha and AH26 sealer. Group 1 teeth received no further treatment. Teeth in groups 2 through 4 had 1 of 3 pigmented glass ionomers (Vitrebond, GC America, and Ketac-Bond) placed as an intraorifice barrier. Positive control teeth were instrumented but not obturated. The negative control teeth were instrumented, obturated, and externally sealed with epoxy resin. The coronal 3 mm of each root was sealed into the lumen of an 18-mm segment of latex surgical tubing. After the apparatus was sterilized, 2.0 ml of a 24 h growth of Proteus vulgaris in trypticase soy broth (TSB) was placed in the coronal reservoir of the tooth. The inoculated apparatus was placed into a presterilized test tube containing 1.5 ml of TSB and incubated for 90 days at 37 degrees C. The TSB in the lower reservoir was observed daily for turbidity, which would indicate leakage along the full length of the obturated root canal. To determine if differences in microbial leakage occurred among the four experimental groups, Pearson's chi 2 and Fisher's exact tests were performed. The confidence level was set at 95%. The positive and negative controls validated the microbial testing method. The teeth without an intraorifice barrier leaked significantly more than teeth with Vitrebond intraorifice barriers (p < 0.05). The difference in leakage among the experimental glass ionomer barriers was not significant (p > 0.05).

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1997

Periapical repair and apical closure of a pulpless tooth using calcium hydroxide.

A case with a wide-open apex and a large cystlike periapical lesion in an adult is presented. The lesion formed as a result of necrosis from trauma to a maxillary central incisor 12 years ago. After nonsurgical endodontic treatment with calcium hydroxide paste and a calcium hydroxide-containing root canal sealer, apical closure and significant healing of the periapical lesion within 15 months were observed. This report suggests that even large periapical lesions (likely cystic) could respond favorably to nonsurgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Factors associated with root canal ledging during instrumentation.

The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of a ledge in 141 cases treated in an undergraduate clinic and in 103 cases treated by endodontists, and to identify the clinical factors associated with ledging. A total of 626 root canals were examined and the factors analyzed were canal location, tooth number and canal curvature. The results indicated that 51.5% of the canals treated by students had been ledged, whereas the percentage was 33.2% for intact pulp cavities treated by endodontists and 40.6% in cases of endodontic retreatment. Canal location was found to have an effect on the incidence of ledging as the mesiobuccal, mesiolingual and distal buccal root canals exhibited a significantly higher ledge incidence rate than the distal and palatal root canals. Canal curvature was the most significant variable affecting the incidence of ledging.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1998

Periapical cemental dysplasia: a case of misdiagnosis.

The correct diagnosis of pathological lesions of endodontic origin should allow for differentiation from those arising from other sources. A case of periapical cemental dysplasia (cementoma) is presented, whereby incorrect diagnosis resulted in not only inappropriate treatment, but an endodontic mishap and the superimposition of acute apical periodontitis in a previously disease-free site. This case report highlights the need for appropriate examination, simple special tests and diagnosis prior to management of lesions of questionable aetiology.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Endodontics: Part 1. The modern concept of root canal treatment.

Root canal treatment has changed considerably since the hollow tube theory was first postulated in 1930. Research continues into the elaborate anatomy of root canal systems, and also into the microbial causes of endodontically related diseases. Only by understanding these aspects in detail can the practitioner quickly and effectively shape the main root canals to facilitate thorough cleaning of the entire system, and easy and effective filling.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed2005

Endodontic problems.

If modern clinical techniques were carefully followed, many common endodontic problems would never occur. Incorrectly designed access cavities may make root canals both difficult to identify and to instrument. Careful study of the pre-operative radiograph is essential. Various aids are available to remove fractured instruments and failed root fillings, but the problem must first be correctly diagnosed. As more patients seek cosmetic procedures, the practitioner should be familiar with the 'walking bleach' procedure, again after careful diagnosis of the cause of the discolouration. The practitioner should also be fully aware of the prognosis for this and other endodontic procedures.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed2005

Tooth preparation for post-retained restorations.

Failure of root canal treatment and/or post crowns can be avoided in many cases if appropriate tooth preparation is carried out. This paper discusses the rationale for the timing of post placement following root canal treatment and appropriate methods for removal of gutta-percha prior to post space preparation. The basic principles of post space preparation are described, which should reduce the risk of weakening the root unnecessarily, causing damage to the periodontium and post perforation.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2003

A preliminary analysis of the morphology of lateral canals after root canal filling using a tooth-clearing technique.

AIM: This study used a modified tooth-clearing technique to allow observation of accessory canals following filling with a warm gutta-percha technique and one of two endodontic cements. METHODOLOGY: Ten extracted human maxillary molars with three roots were selected and divided into two equal groups of five teeth. Each group had 15 canals. Root canal preparation was performed with a modified double flared technique; irrigation with 5% NaOCl and lubrication with RC-Prep were used. The canals were then filled with gutta-percha and cement utilizing a warm vertical condensation technique in the apical third followed by thermo-mechanical compaction in the middle and coronal thirds. Pulp Canal Sealer or AH-Plus were used in the experimental groups. The teeth were demineralized with a modified buffered acid solution, cleared in methylsalicylate and examined under a stereomicroscope. Accessory canals were evaluated in the apical, middle and coronal thirds of each root canal and categorized as narrow or wide, following observation on four surfaces. The depth of penetration of gutta-percha and cement into lateral canals was scored using a 5-point system. RESULTS: Complete transparency of the roots was achieved. Accessory canals were detected in all specimens. In coronal ramifications, gutta-percha filled the empty spaces (coronal thirds, grades 3 and 4: 70.9% in AH-Plus group and 68.8% in Pulp Canal Sealer group). In the apical accessory canals, gutta-percha entered less frequently (apical thirds, grades 3 and 4: 17.9% in the AH-Plus group and 3.2% in the Pulp Canal Sealer group); cement without gutta-percha (grades 1 and 2) was present in 55.5% in the AH-Plus group and 38.7% of the Pulp Canal Sealer group. Analysis showed that AH-Plus cement resulted in significantly greater filling of the apical accessory canals compared to Pulp Canal Sealer. CONCLUSIONS: The modified tooth-clearing technique allowed observation of fine morphological details in all specimens. Effective gutta-percha filling was evident in most of the wide coronal lateral canals whilst the apical narrow ramifications were often incompletely filled by cement. Overall AH-Plus demonstrated better diffusion into lateral accessory canals compared to Pulp Canal Sealer.

Citrates↗
PubMed1997

Sealing properties of a new epoxy resin-based root-canal sealer.

In this study a new epoxy-resin-based endodontic sealer, AH Plus, was tested in vitro for apical leakage. The conventional sealer AH26, for which information is already available, was used as the control. The root canals of 72 single-rooted teeth were prepared biomechanically using a stepback technique before lateral condensation of gutta-percha with one of the two sealers. Teeth were immersed in 5% methylene blue dye for 2, 4 or 10 days. The roots were split longitudinally so that the extent of dye penetration could be measured with a stereomicroscope. The mean extent at 2 days was 0.4 mm for AH26 and 1.4 mm for AH Plus. Neither material produced a complete apical seal and leakage increased with the duration of immersion in dye. The differences between observation periods as well as between materials with respect to dye penetration were statistically significant ANOVA, (P < 0.005).

Analysis of Variance↗