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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancement of immune responses to neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica) correlates with antineoplastic activity in BALB/c-mice.

An aqueous plant extract from Azadirachta indica and its chromatographic fraction F1 (neem extract) exerted immunomodulating and antimetastatic activities in BALB/ c-mice. Regular subcutaneous administration of neem extract yielded significantly increased spleen weight and significant enhancement of peritoneal macrophage activity in the chemiluminescence assay, and activation marker CD-44 expression. The thymus weight and thymocyte counts did not show significant differences in the control and neem extract-treated groups, however, determination of peripheral blood cells revealed significant up-regulations of leukocyte subsets, the lymphocytes and monocytes. Flow cytometric analaysis of lymphocyte supopulations documented increased counts of CD-4 and CD-8 cells and an inreased activation marker expression on lymphocytes (CD-25) and monocytes (MAC-3) in neem-treated mice compared to the control animals. To evaluate the antimetastatic activity of neem extract, sarcoma L-1 cells and lymphosarcoma RAW cells were intravenously inoculated into BALB/c-mice. In these model systems the number of experimental lung and liver metastases decreased relevantly, however, biometrically non-significantly in neem extract-treated animals, as compared to the control mice which received injections of saline solutions. Neem extract can be regarded as an immunomodulating and antimetastatic substance which holds promise for further experimental and clinical investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Detection of the range of cytological changes in tumors induced in rats by nitrosoamines by means of passage in the anterior chamber of the eye].

12 rat liver tumors (high, purely and low differentiated hepatomas and adenocarcinomas), 3 kidney tumors, 1 lymphosarcoma and 1 round cell sarcoma of the uterus were transplanted and passed trough anterior chamber of the allogenic rat eyes. In 8 primary transplants of the liver tumors differentiation traits increased; three of them were morphologically undistinguishable from the normal liver tissue. In some transplants of embryonic liver and kidney displasia was detected. The results obtained give evidence in favor of a very high cytological variability of tumors at the early steps of progression, and indicate that the cultivation in the anterior chamber of the eye may be a proper model for investigation of cytological variability of both malignant and normal tissues.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1972

Bleomycin in the reticuloses.

Bleomycin alone was used in the treatment of 54 patients with Hodgkin's disease in its later stages, 17 with generalized lymphosarcoma, 22 with reticulum cell sarcoma, and 7 with mycosis fungoides. The patients had had radiotherapy and full courses of conventional chemotherapy. Bleomycin was given in doses of 30 mg weekly to an average total dosage of 200 mg, though up to 800 mg could be given because of its marrow-sparing properties. Sixteen (29%) of the patients with Hodgkin's disease remitted, most of them achieving only a partial remission, and similar results were obtained in the other three reticuloses. Bleomycin would seem to have some beneficial action in the late stages of Hodgkin's disease, though it is less effective than some drug regimens recently introduced. Nevertheless it may be useful when there is diminished bone marrow reserve. It would be a suitable drug to use in combination therapy of these four reticuloses.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1977

Collateral sensitivity between methylene dimethane sulfonate and halogenated methotrexate derivatives in the Yoshida sarcoma in vivo and in vitro.

A Yoshida lymphosarcoma line (YMDR8) resistant to methylene dimethane sulfonate (MDMS) showed collateral sensitivity against three halogenated methotrexates: 3'-bromomethotrexate (NSC-98580), 3'-bromo-5'-chloromethotrexate (NSC-98579), and 3',5'-dichloromethotrexate (NSC-29630); however, it was cross-resistant to methotrexate itself. Two other independently derived MDMS-resistant cell lines, YMDR7 and YMDR9, also demonstrated collateral sensitivity against 3'-bromomethotrexate, but with the latter, the origin of the "induced" sensitivity probably was not due to interference with antigenic or oncogenic properties of the cell line. When these agents were used in vivo (in Wistar rats) and in vitro, subpopulation changes within the tumor lines could be observed. The possible importance of this parameter in the development of such sensitivity is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Bleomycetin antitumor activity in relation to solid mouse tumors].

The antitumor activity of bleomycetin or bleomycin A5 was studied with respect to sarcoma 180, Garding-Passey melanoma, cervical carcinoma CC-5 and lymphosarcoma L10-1. Bleomycetin showed a high selective effect on the solid form of sarcoma 180. Its activity against Garding-Passeys melanoma and cervical carcinoma CC-5 was lower. Lymphosarcoma L10-1 was most resistant to bleomycetin. The intravenous route of bleomycin administration had no advantages over subcutaneous administration of the antibiotic.

Animals↗