PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Visual Field Tests”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Central and peripheral contrast sensitivity for static and dynamic sinusoidal gratings in glaucoma.

Contrast sensitivity testing in glaucoma patients was extended from central, static patterns to include peripheral areas and dynamic gratings. The results were compared with age-matched normals in visuograms, and sensitivity defects were correlated to the location of visual field defects. Tested spatial frequencies included 0.3, 0.5 1, 2 and 4 c/d. Definite sensitivity losses for all spatial frequencies were found for dynamic patterns in testing positions located 10 degrees eccentrically above and below fixation. For static patterns in the periphery sensitivity was reduced only for medium spatial frequencies. For central viewing, reduced sensitivity was found with dynamic medium spatial frequencies only. No centrally presented static gratings were of subnormal sensitivity. Dynamic patterns in the periphery were superior to other combinations regarding the capacity for indicating the presence of glaucomatous influence. Peripheral sensitivity losses also occurred when perimetric disturbances were located outside the area tested in the same hemi-field. Depressed sensitivity was observed even in hemifields with normal/near-normal perimetric fields. These findings might be indicative of an early glaucomatous impairment. It thus seems that testing peripheral dynamic contrast sensitivity might be a potentially valuable method for glaucoma screening.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Progression of defects in the central 10-degree visual field of patients with retinitis pigmentosa and choroideremia.

PURPOSE: To determine the progression of defects in the central 10-degree visual field in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and choroideremia by means of univariate linear regression with respect to the mean deviation. METHODS: In a retrospective study, results of automated static perimetry in the central 10-degree visual field were reviewed for patients with retinitis pigmentosa and choroideremia. Univariate linear regression of mean deviation was undertaken for each eye that had field data from at least five tests in addition to the prior static perimetric experience during a period of 3.5 years or more. Data from 30 eyes of 16 patients fulfilled eligibility requirements; the mean number of fields was 5.8 (range, five to 10) and the mean follow-up period was 64 months (range, 42 to 97 months). Eyes were classified as progressive if the regression coefficient was negative and significantly different from zero, with a P value of less than .05. RESULTS: Among 14 patients in whom both eyes were eligible for univariate linear regression analysis, a statistically significant progression was demonstrated in both eyes in four patients, only in one eye in five patients, and in neither eye in five patients. One of two patients, in whom only one eye was eligible for the study, showed significant progression in the eye. Overall, 14 (47%) of 30 eyes showed statistically significant progression with respect to the mean deviation. No eye showed significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Automated static perimetry of the central 10-degree visual field measured approximately once or twice a year demonstrated the progressive nature of the disease with the use of univariate linear regression of mean deviation in 47% of eyes with retinitis pigmentosa and choroideremia during the follow-up period of 3.5 years or more. These results may be useful in understanding the clinical course of the diseases and counseling patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Fellow eye prognosis in patients with severe visual field loss in 1 eye from chronic open-angle glaucoma.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the prognosis for the fellow eye of patients with severe visual field loss in 1 eye from chronic forms of open-angle glaucoma, and to identify risk factors for visual field progression in such eyes. METHODS: Review of 36 patients followed in an academic medical center with monocular severe visual field loss (Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study score > or =12) from open-angle glaucoma either at initial Humphrey visual field testing or during follow-up. Change in Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study visual field score and clinical evaluation were used to determine visual field progression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards survival regression were used to estimate visual field progression in fellow eyes and assess possible risk factors. RESULTS: During 67+/-32 months (mean +/- SD), 12 of 36 first-affected eyes (33%) and 6 fellow eyes (17%) had significant visual field progression. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of visual field progression in the fellow eye was 12.4% at 5 years after severe visual field loss in the first eye. Compared with stable fellow eyes, fellow eyes with visual field progression had significantly larger initial cupdisc ratio, smaller between-eyes difference in the initial Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study score, and lower calculated ocular perfusion pressure. Ocular perfusion pressure was the only variable significantly associated with visual field progression by Cox proportional hazards survival regression (P = .019). During an average of 10.2 years of disease, 2 patients (6%) became bilaterally blind from glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: In this predominantly white population, fellow eyes of patients with severe visual field loss in 1 eye from open-angle glaucoma were not at particularly high risk for further visual field progression, and few patients became bilaterally blind. Fellow eye visual field progression was associated with lower calculated ocular perfusion pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Visual field loss in patients with glaucoma who have asymmetric peripapillary focal arteriolar narrowing.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between peripapillary focal arteriolar narrowing and visual field defects. METHODS: From our institutional practice, we identified 31 patients with glaucoma who had peripapillary focal arteriolar narrowing in only one eye and compared visual field data between the two eyes. Mean deviation (MD) and corrected pattern standard deviation (CPSD) were recorded using Humphrey visual field testing at the time proximal narrowing was apparent on the fundus photograph. Visual field data from subsets of patients with mild and severe narrowing were also compared. RESULTS: The MD and CPSD were significantly worse in eyes with peripapillary focal arteriolar narrowing. The eyes with narrowing exhibited a mean MD of -8.77 +/- 8.27 dB and a mean CPSD of 5.01 +/- 3.42 dB. Eyes without narrowing displayed a mean MD of -4.52 +/- 6.64 dB and a mean CPSD of 3.01 +/- 2.68 dB (P =.003 for both). There was no significant difference in severity of the visual field defect between eyes with mild and severe arteriolar narrowing. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the presence of peripapillary focal arteriolar narrowing is related to the severity of visual field loss in patients with glaucoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Goldmann perimetry in acromegaly: a survey of 307 cases from 1951 through 1996.

OBJECTIVE: Because visual pathway lesions are a common complication of pituitary tumors, visual field examinations in patients with acromegaly were studied. Proportion and outcome of visual field defects in patients with acromegaly were evaluated. DESIGN: Large, retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: We reviewed 307 cases of acromegaly seen from 1951 through 1996 at a single referral center. METHODS: Kinetic visual field testing had been performed with the Goldmann perimeter, and the frequency of visual field defects and their correlation with other clinical manifestations and characteristics of the adenoma were examined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Repeat visual field examinations. RESULTS: Of the 307 patients included in the analysis, a visual field defect that could be attributed to the pituitary adenoma was observed in 62 (20.2%) during follow-up. Visual field defects were bilateral in 38 (61.3%) of these cases. Patients with visual field abnormalities were significantly younger (P = 0.04), had larger tumors (P < 0.001), had more suprasellar extensions (P < 0.001), and had higher levels of growth hormone in their serum (P = 0.04) than patients free of visual field defects. At the end of the follow-up period, visual field examination remained abnormal in 32 (10.4%). Return to a normal visual field examination after treatment was more frequently observed in patients who were less than 40 years of age at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.004). Secondary empty sella syndrome was the main cause of visual field defects after treatment. Abnormal visual field, either at the time of diagnosis or during follow-up, decreased from 27% of patients between 1951 and 1975 to 15.4% of patients between 1976 and 1996, when modern neuroimaging techniques became available. CONCLUSIONS: Endocrinologic and neuroimaging follow-up of patients with acromegaly should be accompanied by ophthalmic assessment. Factors predictive of visual field defects have been identified.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sprint car visual loss.

A 16-year-old boy developed bilateral visual loss 24 hours after a sprint car accident. Bilateral central scotomas were demonstrated but were unexplained by a thorough eye examination and neuro-imaging. A diagnosis of commotio retinae was established by multi-focal ERG testing. This relatively new technique is discussed, including comparison to full-field ERG and clinical applications.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1998

Automatic static threshold perimetry is useful for estimating the effects of laser photocoagulation on diabetic maculopathy.

Focal photocoagulation was performed on 18 eyes in 18 diabetes patients; a visual acuity test, fluorescein angiography and automated static threshold perimetry by Octopus automated static perimetry (program 31) were conducted before and 1, 3 and 6 months after krypton laser photocoagulation. Central field sensitivity and total loss were measured by automated static threshold perimetry. Group A (13 eyes) had a total loss of less than 150 dB. In these subjects, mild fluorescein leakage was detected within the area of the vascular arcade. In group B (5 eyes) with a total loss of greater than 150 dB, diffuse fluorescein leakage was also detected outside the vascular arcade. The central field sensitivity was reduced in 2 eyes of group B. The total loss worsened in 8 eyes of group A (61.5%) and 5 eyes of group B (100%). Inspection of photographs gave the impression that the degree of fluorescein leakage and the area of the avascular zone on fluorescein angiography accorded with total loss, thus suggesting that total loss reflects visual functions better than visual acuity or central field sensitivity. Therefore, automated static threshold perimetry appears to be a useful method for estimating visual functions after photocoagulation in diabetic maculopathy patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The qualitative comparative analysis of the visual field using computer assisted, semi-automated and manual instrumentation: III. Clinical analysis.

A comparative evaluation of the Octopus automated perimeter (Programmes 21 and 31), the Goldmann Bowl perimeter, the Bjerrum Screen and the Friedmann VFAs Mk I and Mk II was carried out on a heterogeneous sample of 75 patients. Field loss was categorized using a modification of the classifications proposed by Greve (1982). The results were analysed using the Level 4 analysis developed by Flanagan, Wild, Barnes, Gilmartin, Good and Crews (1984a). The performance of the various test logics was found to differ between the categories of field defect.

Computers↗
PubMed1998

The effects of cataract extraction on the visual field of eyes with chronic open-angle glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To investigate effects of cataract extraction and intraocular lens placement on the visual field of eyes with chronic open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of 41 eyes of 41 patients with visually significant cataract and chronic open-angle glaucoma who had undergone automated static perimetry within 6 months before and 6 months after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens placement. RESULTS: Comparison of preoperative and postoperative testing showed that the mean visual acuity, foveal threshold, and mean deviation improved significantly (P < .0001), while the mean pattern standard deviation and corrected pattern standard deviation worsened significantly (P < or = .03). Eyes not receiving miotics preoperatively did not have a significant postoperative change in the mean pattern and corrected pattern standard deviations. Increasing severity of glaucoma-related visual field loss was significantly associated with less improvement in the postoperative mean deviation (P = .0001). Only two (5%) of 41 eyes had worsening of the mean deviation of 1.0 dB or greater. The foveal threshold improved more than the mean deviation did but not significantly more, except in eyes with severe visual field loss. CONCLUSIONS: Cataract extraction resulted in statistically significant improvement in visual acuity and foveal threshold in most eyes with glaucoma. In eyes with mild or moderate glaucoma-related damage, the mean deviation often improved significantly after cataract extraction, but improvement was less predictable in eyes with severe or end-stage damage. The pattern and corrected pattern standard deviations may be reliable indicators of glaucoma-related damage in eyes with cataract but without constricted pupils.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Effect of trabeculectomy on visual field performance in central 30 degrees field in progressive normal-tension glaucoma.

PURPOSE: The authors studied the effects of trabeculectomy on the time course of central 30 degrees visual field performances in progressive normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS: Patients with NTG who had clear ocular media and were adequate performers on the 30-2 program of Humphrey Perimeter were prospectively followed with periodic field testing. Trabeculectomy using an antimetabolite was indicated when the slope of a line fitted to the time course of the mean deviation (MD), MD slope, was significantly negative. The time courses of MD and mean of total deviations (mean TD) in four subfields, superior and inferior arcuate and superior and inferior cecocentral fields, were analyzed using the mixed linear model. RESULTS: In progressive NTG, 21 eyes of 21 cases with postoperative follow-up of 2 years or more, intraocular pressure averaged 16 mmHg, MD averaged -13.5 dB, and MD slope averaged -1.48 dB/year preoperatively; 2 years after surgery, they averaged 9.2 mmHg, -13.6 dB, and +0.13 dB/year, respectively. Trabeculectomy had a significant beneficial effect on the time course of MD and mean TD in the superior and inferior arcuate and superior cecocentral fields, which showed significant preoperative deterioration. The mean TD in the inferior cecocentral field showed no significant time change during the period studied. CONCLUSION: For patients with NTG in whom the MD slope is significantly negative, trabeculectomy may have beneficial and diffuse effects on further deterioration of the visual field.

Antimetabolites↗
PubMed1980

[Glaucomatous visual fields: observation of development with the Octopus automatic perimeter (author's transl)].

The analytical program Delta was used to determine long-term fluctuations and accuracy of measurement of the program 31 of the Octopus when used with glaucoma patients. Program 31 examines the 30 degree field. The test locations are arranged in a square grid with 6 degree resolution. The program Delta determines and compares 1) the disturbed area in %; 2) the total loss, the total sensitivity being around 2000 dB; 3) the total loss in dB per mean number of disturbed points. 32 eyes of 22 patients with established glaucomatous field defects were examined twice within 2 to 6 days and 2 months later, twice again within this number of days. The size of the disturbed area served for classification of our sample into 3 groups: 1st group: disturbed area 1-33%; 2nd group: disturbed area 34-66%; 3rd group: disturbed area 67-100%. Long-term fluctuations and accuracy of measurement were determined as follows: 1) Disturbed area between 0.7 +/- 8% in group 3 and 1.7 +/- 13% in group 2. 2) The total loss increases proportionately to the disturbed area and was 4.9 +/- 29.2 dB in group 1 and 31.8 +/- 82.4 dB in group 3. 3) The total loss per mean number of disturbed points was 0.5 +/- 2 dB in group 1 and 0.3 +/- 1.2 dB in group 2. This means that, if the learning effect is over, changes of more than 2 dB, especially if several adjacent points are affected, are a significant loss, the learning effect, as determined in an earlier study, may go up as high as 2dB per point.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Visual fields at different stages of diabetic retinopathy.

Available studies on visual field disturbances in diabetic retinopathy have shown conflicting results, obtained with different and often non-comparable techniques. We have studied visual fields at different stages of diabetic retinopathy with modern sensitive computerized technique taking precautions to limit disturbing effects of random field variation and lack of perimetric experience. Sixty-three diabetic patients, insulin-dependent and non-insulin dependent, were each subject to three test sessions using the 30-2 full threshold program of the Humphrey perimeter. Retinopathy levels ranged from 10 to 65 in the ETDRS Final scale. In eyes without retinopathy or with very mild and mild disease (levels 10-35) mean deviation values exceeding the p < 5% level occurred in only 4% of eyes in trained sessions, and the number of test points with significantly reduced sensitivity did not exceed that expected in normal eyes. In moderate and moderately severe diabetic retinopathy (level 43-47) and in severe non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy (levels 53-65) there was clear evidence of field loss, however, with significantly reduced mean deviation values in 44% of the eyes and 6.5% of tested points showing reproducible loss of sensitivity. Thus, there was no evidence of field loss in eyes with mild disease, but clear field defects in eyes with more advanced disease. Significantly reduced sensitivity was often correlated with retinal non-perfusion and there was seen a tendency towards more correlation in the midperiphery than paracentrally.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Diffuse visual field loss and glaucoma.

It is often claimed that general reduction, or diffuse loss, of perimetric sensitivity is an early sign of glaucoma. Our clinical experience and the results of a few other studies led us to believe otherwise. To investigate factors associated with diffuse field loss we reviewed 4222 Humphrey 30-2 threshold tests from 1582 eyes of 862 patients followed at our department. Most of these patients had ocular hypertension or glaucoma. Each field test was evaluated with the Glaucoma Hemifield Test of the Statpac 2 program. The Glaucoma Hemifield Test classifies field test results as within or outside normal limits regarding localized field loss and general shifts in sensitivity. General reduction of sensitivity without concomitant localized loss was found in 117 tests from 81 eyes of 69 patients. Corresponding patient records were found for 60 eyes of 60 patients. Media opacities or miotic therapy were noted in 46 eyes (77%), 10 eyes (17%) had end-stage field loss, and in 2 eyes (3%) other non-glaucomatous ocular pathology explained the diffuse loss of sensitivity. Thus, general reduction of differential light sensitivity as an isolated finding was almost always associated with reasons other than early to moderate glaucoma in this material mainly consisting of patients with glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure. Since only 2 out of the 1582 eyes had general reduction of sensitivity that was not explained by non-glaucomatous reasons, we conclude that purely diffuse field loss was not a sign of glaucoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Blue-on-yellow perimetry in the complete type of congenital stationary night blindness.

PURPOSE: To resolve the discrepancy between nonrecordable full-field short wavelength cone electroretinograms (S-cone ERGs) and the presence of normal color vision in patients with the complete type of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB1). METHODS: Conventional white-on-white (W-W) perimetry, blue-on-yellow (B-Y) perimetry, and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test were performed in five patients with CSNB1. Diagnosis of CSNB1 was made by clinical and electrophysiological examinations. Twelve normal, age-matched control subjects and an additional 7 normal, highly myopic subjects were tested. RESULTS: Color vision was normal in all the CSNB1 patients by the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test. B-Y perimetry demonstrated that blue cone sensitivity in CSNB1 was normal in the fixation area, but the mean sensitivities of the entire 60 degrees field, the central 0 degrees-to-15 degrees, and 15 degrees-to-30 degrees ring were significantly decreased compared with the normal and myopic subjects. The sensitivity difference between 15 degrees-to-30 degrees and 0 degrees-to-15 degrees in B-Y perimetry increased significantly in CSNB1 compared with both normal and myopic control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our perimetric results demonstrated that the S-cone function in CSNB1 is preserved only in the fovea and becomes abnormal toward the peripheral retina. This accounts for the normal color vision that tests mainly foveal function and the nonrecordable S-cone ERGs that arise mainly from peripheral retina.

Adolescent↗