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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Do physical and chemical working conditions explain the association of social class with ischaemic heart disease?

The aim of this study was to examine whether physical and chemical working conditions explain the association of social class with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). We investigated the issue in a cohort of 2974 males aged 53-75 years (mean 63) free from overt cardiovascular disease. Potential confounders included were: alcohol consumption, physical activity, tobacco smoking, serum cotinine, serum lipids, serum selenium, body mass index, blood pressure, hypertension, social class, and retirement status. During the follow-up period (1985-1986 to 31 December 1991), 184 men (6.2%) had a first IHD event; 44 events were fatal. Compared to higher social classes (classes I, II and III), lower classes (classes IV and V) had a significantly increased risk of IHD (P < 0.05); the age-adjusted relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence limits was 1.44 (1.06-1.95), P = 0.02. Mean who had been occupationally long-term exposed (> or = 5 years) to either soldering fumes or organic solvents had a significantly higher risk of IHD than unexposed: RRs were 2.1 and 1.7, respectively. After adjustment for all the above potential confounders and including also these two occupational factors, the RR of low social classes was reduced to a non-significant 1.24 (0.87-1.76), P = 0.24, i.e. by 45%. Adjusting for non-occupational factors only reduced the RR from 1.44 to 1.38 (1.0-1.90), P = 0.05, i.e. by about 14%. Assuming that the association of soldering fumes and organic solvents with risk of IHD was causal, it was estimated that 16% of IHD cases in low social class could be ascribed to these exposures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Ways of improving working conditions and reducing morbidity at plastic-processing plants].

The characteristics of forming adequate labour conditions in plastic-working shops have been analyzed. Significant role is attributed to labour organization at workplaces and technology of working and assembly of plastic products. Disorders associated with the characteristics of labour conditions prevail in the disease pattern of those working in different shops. Recommendations on the improvement of labour conditions and reduction of disease rates are provided.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed2005

Working conditions and three types of well-being: a longitudinal study with self-report and rating data.

The mean of self-report and observer ratings of working conditions was used to predict 3 types of well-being in 52 young workers: general well-being, job-related well-being, and spillover from work to nonwork domains. Longitudinally, job control predicted spillover. There was no strong evidence for reverse causation. Synchronously, Time 2 job stressors predicted all types of well-being, and job control predicted general well-being. Because dependent variables at Time 1 are controlled for, this indicates short-term effects. Results for stressors are in line with a stress reaction model, indicating a rather quick symptom development but reversibility. The effect of control on spillover, however, suggests a sleeper effect model, with symptoms appearing with delay.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Work conditions in concentration of tungsten-molybdenum ore].

Manifold hygienic studies carried out at Tyrnaouz tungsten-molybdenum enterprise served as example to characterize work conditions, microclimate, chemical load, levels of dust, noise, vibration and radiation at modern concentration enterprises. The factors leading in intensity were dust load in air during preparation of ores processing (grinding, grist, etc.), noise, and microclimate especially during cool season. Hygienic importance of occupational factors is shown by data on morbidity with transitory disablement and outpatient medical examinations.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Working conditions and functional body stress of operators in the television video recording centers].

In order to determine the ways for prevention of operators' overstrain, the working conditions and functional body stress were dynamically studied during the 12-hour shift by means of TV video-recording. The majority of operators experienced some neurologic disorders, high rates of situational and personality anxiety and an elevated level of neurotism. Mean rate of potential systoles was 75 +/- 2 per min, systolic arterial pressure 114 +/- 2, diastolic AP 74 +/- 2 mm of mercury column. No renewable dynamics of the above indicators was noted. The Kerdau vegetative index experienced a decline from + 6.0 +/- 2.5 to -6.5 +/- 3.0 arbitrary units during the shift. The regulatory system strain index in the half of the examined workers reached 300AU. The speed of data processing remained stable during the shift. To its end the critical fusion frequency on the peripheric visual field and remote visual thresholds decreased and differentiated achromatic thresholds increased. The level of operators' functional body strain could be regarded as admissible. The above characteristics of load response of some physiologic systems were assumed to be variants of an adaptable norm. The proposed preventive measures assisted in decreasing operators' functional body strain.

Hemodynamics↗
PubMed2006

Work conditions, job preparation, and placement strategies for food-animal veterinarians.

This study examines the responses of 1,047 human-resources personnel who recruit veterinarians for positions in their organizations. Work conditions in the organization, lifestyle and time-management issues, job benefits, job expectations, supervisor relations, and the physical demands of veterinary work are studied. Comparisons are made between four different occupational areas: food animals, mixed animals, companion animals, and industry positions in veterinary medicine. The findings portray a career in food animal medicine as very positive. Recruiters also make recommendations to colleges of veterinary medicine for strategies to improve the preparation and placement of their graduates.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Occupational aspects of work conditions and assessment of several clinical-biochemical and chemiluminescence parameters in workers of oil processing industry].

The authors present materials concerning hygienic evaluation of work conditions and health state in individuals exposed to pyromellitic dianhydride and other aromatic substances detected in the air of workplace. Changes in lipid peroxidation were evaluated through serum and urine chemiluminescence levels, shift of energy metabolism parameters was assessed via dynamics of ATP, ADP, AMP and adenyl system enzymes in RBC. Examinees of groups 2 and 3 demonstrated significant changes in adenyl system parameters of RBC and in serum and urine chemiluminescence. Conclusion is that serum and urine studies using bioenergy and chemiluminescence methods help to evaluate compensatory and metabolic resources, to reveal premorbid condition and to correct it without transitory disablement of the subjects.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of health-related improvement in working conditions of postal services employees].

Basing on the physiological and hygienic research performed after a series of prophylactic measures, it was established that the introduction of rational working conditions in combination with physically active rest influences most postively the functional neuro-muscular state of upper extremities in telephone operators and mail sorters, and has a positive bearing on the hemodynamic indices, CNS and regulatory mechanisms status of operators and mail sorters.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Reliability of a questionnaire and an ergonomic checklist for assessing working conditions and health at call centres.

BACKGROUND: The purpose was to study the test-retest reliability and internal consistency of questions in a questionnaire concerning working conditions and health and the inter-rater reliability of observations and measurements according to an ergonomic checklist. METHOD: Fifty-seven operators participated in a retest questionnaire and 58 operators participated in an inter-observer test. RESULTS: The questions had fair to good or higher reliability in 142 of the total of 312. Twenty-seven of the total of 44 variables in the ergonomic checklist were classified as having fair to good or higher reliability. CONCLUSIONS: About half of the questions had fair to good or higher reliability and can be recommended for further analyses. The majority of variables in the ergonomic checklist were classified as having fair to good or higher reliability. Low reliability does not necessarily indicate that the reliability of the test, per se, is low but may signify that the conditions measured vary over time or that the answers are aggregated in one part of the scale.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗