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PubMedDate not supplied

Confidentiality. 14: Powers of the police and access to information.

Staff nurse Paula Rose was on duty in the accident and emergency (A&E) department early one Sunday morning when a police constable came in asking for details of any patient who had been brought in and for whom there was evidence of a fall from height. The constable explained that a girl had been assaulted and raped while in her bedroom by an assailant who came in through the window. Her screams brought help, but he made his escape from the window and she believed that he had fallen and may have suffered fractures or bruises.

Confidentiality↗

PubMed2002

Skiing, snowboarding, and sledding injuries in a northwestern state.

OBJECTIVE: Winter sports continue to be a popular form of recreation, but few studies have focused on serious injuries. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the major morbidity associated with downhill skiing, snowboarding, and sledding and to determine the incidence of serious injuries sustained while downhill skiing and snowboarding. METHODS: State trauma registry data from the 1992-93 through 1998-99 ski seasons on all snow sports participants transported to tertiary trauma hospitals in Oregon were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 132 patients, 80% were male and 20% were female, with a mean age of 30.4 +/- 15.6 for skiers, 24.1 +/- 10.5 for snowboarders, and 18.8 +/- 11.9 for sledders. The mean Injury Severity Score was 12.3 +/- 7.6 for skiers, 10.3 +/- 7.4 for snowboarders, and 12.8 +/- 8.5 for sledders. Head injuries accounted for 55% of sledding injuries and 39% of all injuries. Skiers and snowboarders were less likely to have head injuries than sledders (odds ratio [OR] = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.98). A higher proportion of injuries sustained by snowboarders were due to falls from heights (29%) compared with injuries sustained by skiers or sledders (OR = 4.8; 95% CI, 1.6 to 13.7). Sledders were more likely to be injured during collisions than were skiers or snowboarders (OR = 16.7; 95% CI, 5.8 to 47.6). The incidence of serious skiing and snowboarding injuries was 6.4 injuries per million visits. There were 4 deaths (3%), 1 each from snowboarding and skiing (head injuries) and 2 from sledding (1 from head and 1 from head and thoracic injuries). CONCLUSIONS: Serious snow sports injuries are rare but potentially debilitating. Head injuries account for the majority of deaths and functional impairment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Ankle and foot injuries: analysis of MDCT findings.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to assess MDCT findings and the advantages of MDCT compared with radiography in patients referred to a level 1 trauma center for diagnostic evaluation of acute ankle and foot trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a period of 37 months, 388 patients underwent MDCT of the ankle and foot due to an acute trauma. Imaging studies (MDCT and radiography) were retrospectively reevaluated with respect to fracture location, fracture type, and mechanism of injury, and findings from the primary radiographs of the ankle and foot were compared with MDCT findings. RESULTS: Of the 388 patients, 344 (89%) had one or more fractures in the ankle or foot. A total of 517 fractures were found in all anatomic regions: ankle, calcaneus, talus, midfoot, and forefoot. The three most common occult fractures in the ankle not detected on primary radiography were isolated fractures of the posterior and medial malleolus and Tillaux fractures. The calcaneus was the most commonly fractured bone, and the sensitivity of radiography in the detection of calcaneal fractures was 87%. The sensitivity of radiography in the detection of talar fractures was 78%, whereas it was only 25-33% in the detection of midfoot fractures. A Lisfranc fracture-dislocation was not detected on primary radiography in five (24%) of 21 cases. The three main injury mechanisms were falling from a height (164 patients [48%]), a simple fall (68 patients [20%]), and a traffic accident (47 patients [14%]). CONCLUSION: In patients with injuries from high-energy polytrauma and in those with complex ankle and foot fractures, the sensitivity of radiography is only moderate to poor; in these cases, MDCT is recommended as the primary imaging technique.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Principles of management of high-energy injuries of the leg].

INTRODUCTION: High-energy traumas are open or closed injuries caused by force (missile, traffic injuries, crush or blust injuries, falling from heights), affecting the body surface and transferring high amount of kinetic energy inducing great damage to the tissue. Management of such lower extremity injuries has evolved over past several decades, but still remains a difficult task for every surgical team. Specific anatomic and functional characteristics combined with extensive injuries demands specific treatment protocols. MULTIPLE INJURIES: In a multiple injured patient the first priority is management of life-threatening trauma. Despite other injuries, surgical treatment of limb-threatening injuries must start as soon as life-threatening condition has been managed. TREATMENT ALGORITHMS: Algorithms are especially beneficial in management of severely injured, but salvageable extremities and in making decision on amputation. Insight into mechanisms of injury, as well as systematic examination of the affected limb, should help us understand the extensiveness of trauma and make an adequate management plan. PREVENTION OF INFECTION AND SURGICAL APPROACH: Prevention of wound infection and surgical approach to high-energy limb trauma, which includes wound extension, wound excision, skeletal stabilization and if necessary muscle compartment release, should be done in the first 6 hours after injury. METHODS OF SOFT TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION: Commonly used methods for soft tissue defects must provide wound coverage in less than five days following injury. REHABILITATION: Early passive and active mobilization and verticalization of patients is very important for successful treatment. CONCLUSION: Good and timely evaluation of the injured and collaboration between plastic and orthopaedic surgeons from the beginning of treatment, are crucial for final outcome.

Amputation, Surgical↗

PubMed1993

Amputee population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

A 14 year retrospective study was conducted of 3210 amputees who attended during the period 1977-1990 at Riyadh Medical Rehabilitation Centre (RMRC), the first and the largest rehabilitation centre in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The mean age was 30.5 years, male slightly older than female. The mean age of the lower limb amputees was 32.6 and of the upper limb amputees 21.8 years. An overall predominance of male to female with a ratio of 6.1:1 was observed. Males outnumbered females by 5 to 1 in the upper limb and 6.3 to 1 in lower limb amputees. The ratio of lower limb to upper limb and multiple limb amputees was 15:3.7:1. Trauma was the leading cause of upper limb amputations (86.9%). In the lower limb, although trauma (52.9%) was the prominent cause, 35.9% was due to disease. Major specific causes of trauma were road traffic accidents, machine accidents, and falls from height. The most common site of unilateral amputations was trans-tibial (45.2%), followed by trans-femoral (21.6%), trans-radial (7.6%), partial hand (4.8%), and trans-humeral (4.7%). Comparison with other studies shows a higher mean age and fewer trans-tibial amputees than in Australia and other Western countries, while studies in Asia show greater similarities to the present investigation as regards trauma and disease incidence which occur in similar patterns. These patterns of amputee population indicate the demand for prosthetic service and provide guidelines for future development.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Fracture of the neck of the talus. A clinical study.

A clinical evaluation of 46 patients treated for fractures of the neck of the talus has been made after a mean follow-up period of 6 years. The cause of injury was most frequently motor vehicle accidents (26) and falls from heights (11). In non-displaced fractures plaster with immobilization was used and displaced fractures were treated by closed or open reduction. At follow-up most of the patients complained of symptoms hampering daily activities. Objectively, excellent to good results were obtained in 75 per cent of the non-displaced fractures and in 42 per cent of the displaced. Delayed union occurred in 15 per cent. Avascular necrosis was found in 15 per cent and degenerative changes in 97 per cent. A decreased density of bone under the articular cartilage, called subchondral atrophy, was seen in 50 per cent.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Domestic accidental deaths in the Niger Delta Region, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Domestic accidental deaths constitute a public health burden in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. This study is aimed at highlighting this public health burden. OBJECTIVE: This is study is aimed at highlighting this public health burden. DESIGN: A six year retrospective study using mortuary records. SETTING: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcout, Nigeria. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Coroner's forms data were used from University of Port Harcout Teaching Hospital, Anatomical Pathology Department, which is the foremost health institution in the region serving a core population of about six million people. RESULTS: Eighty three domestic accidental deaths seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria between January 1995 and December 2001 were analysed. The 83 deaths occurred in 63 males and 20 females, giving a ratio of 3:1, between the ages of six months and 86 years. There was a bimodal age distribution, with 20 cases (24.1%) occurring in preschool age children, and 22 cases (26.5%) occurring in the elderly over 70 years. Fifty one deaths (61.4%) occurred in the urban areas, while 32 cases (36.8%) occurred in the rural areas. Seventeen cases (20.5%) occurred from falls from height or same level, thereby, constituting the commonest mechanism of injuries that lead to death in the elderly. In children, the commonest mechanism of injuries leading to death was poisoning. The yearly incidence of these deaths is decreasing with the peak of 26.5% in 1995, and 6.0% in 1999. CONCLUSION: Enforceable legislation by government coupled with public education to reduce occurrence should be encouraged. Safety at home must be taken very seriously.

Accidents, Home↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: an Asir region (Saudi Arabia) experience.

Ten patients (nine males, one female), seen at the Asir Central Hospital of South-Western Saudi Arabia with proven traumatic diaphragmatic hernia between 1987 and 1997, were reviewed retrospectively. The mean age was 29.6 years, range 5 to 50 years. Chest pain and vomiting were the commonest symptoms. Blunt trauma (road traffic accident--5, fall from height--1, (accounted for 60% of the cases) while gunshot wound and stab wounds were the causes in two patients each. The chest radiograph suggested the diagnosis in all the cases. Barium meal (in two patients) and barium enema (in two patients) complemented the diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) scan was done in only one patient. Thoracotomy (in 2 patients), laparotomy (in 5 patients) and thoraco-laparotomy (in 3 patients) were the surgical approaches to management. Common herniated organs were liver, stomach, spleen and large bowel. The injuries were on the left side in seven patients and on the right side in three cases. Immediate surgical repair was done in four patients while it was done two days to four years later in others. Complications were minimal and there was only one death.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Fractures of thoracic and lumbar spine; treatment and follow up.

The number of posttraumatic spinal fractures is constantly growing. About 15-20% of patients injury need surgery after injury, as result of spinal instability or canal stenosis often leading to neurological complications. In 1987-97 56 patients (6 female and 50 male) were treated following serious spine trauma with fractures. The age of the patients was 19-61 years. Car accidents were the most common cause of trauma affecting 30 patients (53%), falls from heights affecting 26 patients (47%). Multiple injuries were diagnosed in 24 patients (43%). More than one vertebra was fractured in 15 patients (27%). In 9 cases (16%) surgery was performed within 24 hours of the accident, in 22 (39%) within 72 hours and in 25 patients (45%) after 72 hours, in some cases even several weeks after the trauma. 20 patients (36%) required spinal decompression after the accident. The fracture in one case was located in the thoracic section, in 17 patients in Th11-L2 and in 2 patients in L3-L5 section. In 4 cases reconstruction of the meninx was performed. 48 patients were treated by stabilisation using Harrington rods; in 5 patients Kluger stabilisers were used, in the remaining 3 patients stabilization was carried out by wire loop. In all cases frozen and radiation-sterilized bone allografts were applied. Results were evaluated 2-8 years after surgery using X-rays, CT-pictures and direct examination. In 25 patients (45%) results were found to be good, in 23 patients (41%) mediocre and in 8 patients (14%) results were unsatisfactory.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Short segment posterior instrumentation, reduction and fusion of unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures--a review of 26 cases.

From January 1994 to January 1998, 26 patients of unstable thoracolumbar burst fracture were treated by a short segment posterior instrumentation (pedicular screw plate/rod system), reduction and fusion in Kuala Lumpur and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Hospital. Majority of them were young and in a productive age group (mean age were 30 year-old). The mean duration of follow-up was 24.4 months. The injuries were caused by fall from height (69%) and motor vehicle accident (31%). Most of the fracture occurred at 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae (24/26). Twelve of the patients did not have neurological deficits. Out of 14 patients with neurological deficits, 64.4% of them showed an improvement of at least one Frankel's grade. There was no defect correlation between canal compromise and neurological deficit. Kyphotic angle improved from 20 degrees to 7 degrees immediately after surgery. In the last follow-up average kyphotic angle was 9 degrees with average lost of 2 degrees. The average length of hospitalization following surgery was 24 days. A posterolateral bony fusion was achieved in all cases at an average of 3 months. Complication included 2 loosening and 3 misplacement of pedicle screw fixation. We concluded that short-segment fixation with posterolateral decompression and fusion is effective in the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar burst fracture.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

How important is history of unconsciousness in head injury patients?

A total of 100 patients of head injury were studied. They all underwent thorough clinical and neurological examination, skull radiography and CT scan of head. And with the help of all these parameters an evaluation was done to find out the importance of history of unconsciousness on risk of intracranial complications. A lot of controversies exist about detection of factors that make a patient of head injury a high risk candidate for developing intracranial complications. Young active population was the most commonly affected group in head injury with male preponderance at all ages. Roadside accident found to be the main cause of head trauma in adults while fall from height in paediatric age group. Although Glassgow Coma Index (GCI) was found to be a good predictor for intracranial complications as well as final outcome in patients with total score of 12 or less but it was not equally good in patients of minor head injury (GCI = 13-15). Similarly history of unconsciousness was not found to be correlating well with risk of intracranial complications but longer duration of unconsciousness was found to be a poor prognostic index.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Treatment of thoracolumbar spinal fractures using internal fixators (evaluation of 120 cases)].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: A group of 120 patients was evaluated with acute injury of Th-L spine who were operated on from posterior approach with the use of Dick AO fixator or USS fixator in the period of 1991-1996. MATERIAL: In the period of 1991-1996, 128 patients were operated on with the acute injury of Th-L spine. Evaluated were 120 patients: 81 men (67.5%) of average age 40.1 years (age range, 16-74 years) and 39 women (32.5%) of average age 35.4 years (age range, 15-66 years). Posterior stabilization using the internal fixator was combined with posterolateral or posterior interarticular fusion. In comminuted fractures of the vertebral body transpedicular cancellous bone grafting was performed and starting for 1995 also intercorporal transpedicular fusion. METHODS: The evaluation covered location and type of fractures, injury of other levels of the spine, other associated injuries, neurological symptomatology prior to the surgery and 3 months after the surgery, duration of surgery and of image intensifier exposure, peroperative and early postoperative complications, radiograph evaluation of the degree of reduction, the loss of correction after 12 months and after the hardware removal. RESULTS: Evaluated were 120 patients. Average interval after the surgery at the time of the evaluation was 43.7 months (range, 24-93 months). The injury was caused in 82 cases (68.3%) by a fall from height, in 26 cases (21.7%) by a car accident and in 12 cases (10%) by another cause. Associated injuries included: calcaneus fracture 18 times, the fracture of ankle 4 times, pelvis fracture 4 times, other fractures 18 times. In 89 cases the injury involved only one vertebra, i.e. one level, 31 cases were multi-level injuries. The angle of the kyphosis of vertebral body was on average 21.8 degrees. Patients with neurological symptoms were on average operated on 2-12 hours after the admission, other patients were operated on in the interval between 5 hours and 7 days. Bilateral transpedicular cancellous bone grafting was performed in 106 affected vertebrae, the canal was revised in 27 injured vertebrae. The surgery took on average 172 minutes (range, 62-430 minutes). Image intensifier exposure lasted on average 2.4 minutes. Average blood loss was peroperatively estimated at 725 ml, postoperatively on average at 815 ml. Postoperative complications: healing of the wound per secundam 6 times, thromboembolic complication in 9 cases--never fatal, pneumonia 3 times, uroinfection 5 times. The total number of these complications was about 8%. Vertebral body was completely restored in 72 cases, incompletely in 34 cases (up to 5 degrees deficit). The correction of kyphosis achieved was on average 6.5 degrees. After 12 months the correction loss with the fixator in place was on average 2.5 degrees. After the removal of the fixator the average correction loss was 5.5 degrees. In 2 cases there occurred a significant re-dislocation which required revision surgery. Transpedicular screws broke 6 times in the total of 4 patients, fixator loosened in 2 cases. DISCUSSION: Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine is indicated in unstable injuries and all injuries with neurological lesion and a proved compression of spinal canal. Decompression of the spinal canal is often achieved by reduction, lordotization and distraction. In other cases revision of the canal is indicated. Stabilization is performed by means of a transpedicular internal fixator. Part of the surgery is posterior fusion. The defect in the reduced body is treated by transpedicular cancellous bone grafting. The affected inervertebral disc must be treated by intersomatic fusion. Anterior operation is indicated as a complementary one. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Absolute majority of injuries of thoracolumbar spine may be treated from the posterior approach. In this it is necessary to restore the stability of the anterior column. An indispensable part of the operation is a flawless posterior fusion. 2. Some types of injuries require a complementary anterior approach in the first or second step. This applies mainly to the injuries with a defect of anterior column evaluated on the basis of classification after Gaines. 3. A primary isolated anterior approach to the treatment of the injury of Th-L spine is not in our view suitable as a routine.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Patient absconding behaviour in a public general hospital: retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To identify characteristics of patients who abscond from general hospital wards, and to determine patient outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: In-patient wards of a public general hospital, Hong Kong. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Incident reports of 116 absconding episodes over a 20-month period from 1 November 1998 to 30 June 2000 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics, time and reason for absconding, destination of patient, outcomes, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: The majority of patients who absconded were middle-aged males admitted through the Accident and Emergency Department to the specialty of general medicine. Most incidences occurred within 24 hours of admission while in the emergency admission wards. Twelve percent of incidents were repeated episodes of absconding. The most common clinical diagnoses given to this patient group were drug overdose, intoxication, and soft tissue injury. Known drug addicts (29.3%) formed a substantial proportion of the patient group. Forty- seven patients returned to the ward within a few hours, while a further nine (7.8%) re-attended the Accident and Emergency Department of the hospital within 4 days. Several adverse outcomes were recorded: one patient died following a fall from height and two patients committed criminal offences. CONCLUSION: Patient absconding incidents are an important issue in hospital risk management. They can delay the delivery of appropriate medical treatment and may lead to other adverse patient outcomes, in addition to potential medicolegal consequences.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Toxicological findings in victims of traumatic deaths.

The toxicological findings from 6037 analyses of viscera obtained from victims of traumatic death are used to correlate the relative incidence of carbon monoxide, ethyl alcohol, narcotics, hypnotics, analgesics, and tranquilizers-antidepressants in deaths occurring under the following circumstances: fire related, asphyxia by hanging, by use of plastic bags, from physical obstruction of trachae, and by drowning; traumatic injury from impact of moving train, fall from height, and occupational accident; traumatic injury to pedestrian, driver, and passenger from vehicular accidents; and from violent death by shooting, stabbing, strangulation, and beating. The influence of alcohol, narcotic drugs, and tranquilizers on carbon monoxide can be seen in some of these traumatic deaths. Ethanol alone and in combination with other drugs was present in 42.3% and 19.5% of driver and pedestrian victims, respectively, of vehicular accidents in the year 1974. Comparative analysis is presented for the toxicological data obtained on victims of homicide (shooting, stabbing, strangulation, and beating) in New York City and similar data reported for victims of homicide in Detroit. In New York City 45.9% of such victims died while under the influence of alcohol or narcotic drugs, or both, with methadone predominating in the latter category. Tissue concentrations of drugs found in victims of traumatic death are presented. Diphenylhydantoin, diazepam, meperidine, and slow-acting barbiturates were found in normal therapeutic levels. Higher concentrations of amitriptyline, chlorpromazine, propoxyphene, short-acting barbiturates, and methadone were observed. The concentration of methadone in blood and brain (0.13 +/- 0.14 mg/100 ml) and in liver (0.53 +/- 0.42 mg/100 ml) in cases of traumatic death are not different from those observed in deaths classified as due to methadone overdose.

Accidents↗

PubMed2002

[Major respiratory tract traumas].

Between 1988 and 2000 a total of 33 patients with traumatic tracheobronchial lesions were diagnosed and treated. The trauma was penetrating in 7 (stab and gun-shot), blunt in 10 (car accidents, compression and falling from heights) and iatrogenic in 16 of them (postintubational--15, after foreign body extraction--1). The main clinical and radiological features were subcutaneous emphysema, hemoptysis, respiratory insufficiency, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. The diagnosis was confirmed in all patients by early fiberoptic bronchoscopy. "Watch and see" tactics with massive antibiotics therapy was followed in 4 (12%) patients. A surgical treatment was carried out in 29 (88%) patients as follows: simple repair--19 (58%), left pneumonectomy--2 (6%), tracheal resection and anastomosis "end to end"--2 (6%), tracheostomy--1 (3%), thoracocenthesis and drainage--3 (9%) and cervical mediastinotomy--2 (6%). The operative mortality was 9%. The cause of death in these 3 patients were associated brain and spinal cord injuries. In the rest of patients the early and long-term postoperative results were considered very good.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Results of treatment of isolated and combined trauma of urogenital system].

Retrospective analysis of treatment results of 608 patients with trauma of organs of urogenital system (UGS) was carried out. Beating was the cause of trauma in 55% cases, fall from height--in 17%, transport trauma--in 14.3%, knife wound--in 4.4%, gunshort wound--in 1.3%. Isolated trauma of UGS was in 481 (79.1%) patients. In other patients combined injury of UGS with injury of skeleton's bones (53), cranium and brain (25), abdominal organs (20) was diagnosed. In 29 patients severe combined trauma of UGS, abdominal organs, skeleton bones and cranium was seen. Surgeries were performed in 267 patients. Surgeries on kidney and urinary bladder due to their disruption predominated. In 44 patients these surgeries were combined with ones on abdominal organs. Surgery was performed in two stages in 25 patients with combined trauma of UGS and other organs. From 608 patients 552 (90.2%) cured. Lethal outcome was in 56 (9.2%) patients due to progressive traumatic shock.

Accidents↗

PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of dislocated transverse fractures of the sacrum].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Transverse fractures of sacrum are quite rare. Only about 70 cases have been reported in the relevant literature. Low frequency and rather difficult fracture imaging lead to therapeutical uncertainty and are a cause of a delay of urgent surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of three male patients aged 17.43 and 31 years was studied. Two patients sustained the injury at a paragliding accident, one by fall from height. One patient underwent only a simple spinal canal decompression 24 days after the injury. The second patient underwent surgery on the fourth day and in the third patient the procedure was carried out sixteen hours after the injury. Procedure on the second and third patient included decompression of neural structures, fracture stabilization as well as spinal-pelvic fixation using an internal fixation. RESULTS: The delayed simple spinal canal decompression didn't improve patient's condition. On the other hand, surgeries performed urgently in the other two patients provided a considerable improvement of the neural deficit. DISCUSSION: Transverse fractures of the upper part of sacrum without any concomitant pelvic fracture are rare and rather difficult to diagnose. Clinical symptoms are inconclusive. However, low back pain, numbness in lower extremities and in the genital, anal region anesthesia should induce the suspicion of this type of trauma even in cases of normal AP and lateral lumbar spine X-rays. In addition to neurological investigation, a lateral x-ray of sacrum and CT and NMR imaging are essential. Conservative treatment, even if complemented with halo-femoral traction does not provide satisfactory results. Also the simple spinal canal decompression gives no contribution to the patient's recovery. Authors suggest a staged surgical procedure providing decompression of neural structures, reduction and stable fixation of the fracture (using screws and plates) and spinal-pelvic stabilization (using the internal spine fixator). Urgent and comprehensive treatment of this type of injury facilitates patient's early mobilization, enables his early discharge and improves neurological recovery. CONCLUSION: Severely displaced fractures of sacrum associated with a neural deficit require the same urgent and comprehensive treatment as vertebral fractures succeeded by a spinal cord injury. Due to low incidence of such injuries patients should be treated at highly specialized centers experienced with this type of surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous pubic symphysial diastasis following vaginal delivery.

Public symphysis diastasis is an uncommon condition which is caused mostly by severe trauma like road traffic accidents and fall from heights. We present cases of pubic symphysis diastasis following spontaneous vaginal delivery. This is to reiterate the fact that this type of public symphysis diastasis is different from other types of traumatic pubic symphysis diastasis and can be managed successfully with absolute bed rest.

Adult↗