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The effect of electronic dental anesthesia on behavior during local anesthetic injection in the young, sedated dental patient.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3M Electronic Dental Anesthesia (EDA) finger electrode on reducing sedated patient responsiveness during local anesthesia administration. METHODS: Thirty patients between the ages of 24 to 48 months, ASA I, and in need of treatment of maxillary anterior teeth using local anesthesia were used in this study. Each of the patients received chloral hydrate (CH) and hydroxyzine (50 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, respectively). The patients were divided randomly in two groups. The experimental group received activated electronic dental anesthesia (AEDA) while the control group had a nonactive EDA (NAEDA). Physiological parameters were recorded and behavior was videotaped and rated using the Ohio State University Behavior Rating Scale. A repeated-measures ANOVA, Student's tests, and descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: The results indicated that the heart rate and diastolic blood pressure of both groups were significantly affected as a function of time and dental procedures. A significant effect in the percent change of heart rate between groups was noted during local anesthetic injection with the NAEDA group having an increased heart rate. There was a higher occurrence of movement in the NAEDA compared to the AEDA. CONCLUSION: The EDA appears to be beneficial in reducing the discomfort, as judged by behavioral and physiologic observations, associated with local anesthetic administration in young sedated dental patients.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of electronic dental anesthesia in children.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and acceptance of electronic dental anesthesia in comparison with local anesthesia in restorative procedures in children. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-eight children, aged 6 to 12 years, participated in the study. Each patient had symmetric teeth requiring class I cavity preparations. One tooth was treated with electronic dental anesthesia; the antimere tooth was treated with local anesthesia. The tooth and the method were selected at random, and the two restorations were performed at the same appointment. Pain was assessed by means of two pain scales, the color scale and the sound, eye, and motor scale. Behavior was assessed through use of the North Carolina Behavior Rating Scale. The ratings of pain and behavior were made at 4 separate intervals (after rubber dam clamp placement, with the handpiece operating adjacent to the tooth, during penetration of the dentin-enamel junction of the tooth, and 5 minutes postoperatively). The recorded values for the steps of the restorations completed with electronic dental anesthesia and local anesthesia were analyzed by means of chi(2) analysis to determine any statistically significant difference between the techniques at a level of P <.05. RESULTS: Although the success rate of electronic dental anesthesia was less than that of local anesthesia, there was no significant difference between the two methods. On the other hand, 53.6% of the patients preferred electronic dental anesthesia, whereas 35.7% preferred local anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: In restorative dental care in children, electronic dental anesthesia appears to be beneficial in reducing discomfort, as judged from behavioral observations and self-reports.

Anesthesia, Dental↗