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Tens of thousands of the nation's young people are placed in psychiatric and criminal justice programs annually. Within those settings, many confront an assortment of restraint and seclusionary measures. This paper discusses the population of young people exposed to such procedures and examines the implications within these settings and elsewhere.
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This study describes the social support networks on two adolescent units in two mental health centers. The purpose is to explore the possible existence and functions of informal peer support groups. A semi-structured interview schedule consisting of six questions was used. Participant observation was also used as a secondary method to substantiate the interview responses of 16 patients and 4 staff members (10 patients and 2 staff members on one ward and the remainder on the other ward). The results indicate that some form of peer support network exists on the wards as well as outside the institutions. Two emergent types of network, with some overlapping, are the action-oriented and the dialogue-oriented, with age and gender as the factors discriminating between them. Conclusions from the results are suggestive rather than conclusive. A much more extensive study would need to be undertaken to decisively refute or support the significance of peer groups among instiutionalized adolescents.
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Severely handicapped and institutionalized teenage girls have a variety of gynecologic problems that can be readily addressed by a physician with an interest in adolescent medicine who makes "home visits" to the institutions. Disabled teens are a unique group of adolescents whose needs intersect with those of normal teens. Educating and listening to the caretakers, who can then prepare the patients, is essential. Key topics include menses and menstrual calendars, adolescent development, the pelvic examination, and contraception. The clinical problems most frequently encountered are vaginal discharge, menstrual cycle dysfunction, and oligomenorrhea. Basic on-site management is described. In this population, severe chronic illness and subnormal weights for age are not necessarily associated with secondary amenorrhea. Patients, parents, and staff are satisfied when gynecologic needs are met in an empathetic and thorough fashion. A list of educational resources is appended.
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Institutionalized adolescents and nonretarded third-grade children were presented with sets of paired associates which differed in redundancy level and temporal grouping. Redundancy level (33 and 50 percent) was embedded in a list of paired associates by varying the number of repetitions in the response terms. The paired associates were presented temporally in blocks of twos (33 percent) or threes (50 percent). One-half of the subjects received the paired associates highly organized; i.e., all response terms of a temporal block were the same. During testing, all stimulus terms were presented simultaneously for the free-ordered recall of the response terms. For both groups, performance was superior following the more highly organized (congruent) presentation, with the performance of the nonretarded subjects exceeding that of the retarded adolescents. Comparisons were made with previous studies in this series.
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The literature concerning drug abuse in adolescence has indicated that various aspects of the home and family background of a boy or girl may be important correlates of drug usage. Such correlates show differences in terms of form of measurement, specificity, and reliability. The present study is focused on a particular facet of this problem, namely prior drug abuse among a group of institutionalized Training School boys. Within this context it was hoped to obtain not only a broad spectrum of home and family variables but also, if feasible, global dimensions of this aspect of an adolescent's environment. All data come from case records.
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A small group of psychiatrically institutionalized adolescents (16 boys, 11 girls) were assigned to a three-day-per-week running/aerobic exercise program or a regular physical activity class. The complete program continued over 9 weeks, with 11 subjects remaining throughout the program. Dependent measures of body-mass index, timed performance on a one-mile run, resting, exercise, and recovery heart rates, and measures of depression, mood-states, and self-efficacy were assessed pre-, mid-, and post-9-wk. treatment and at a 4-wk. follow-up. Improvements in depression, anxiety, hostility, confused thinking, and fatigue were shown in treated girls, with increases in vigor and self-efficacy for all treated subjects.