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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Comparison of two methods of antibiotic sensitivity tests: gel diffusion and automatic method using ABAC apparatus. I. Variation and dispersion of the two methods (author's transl)].

The authors studied comparatively the sensitivity of 3 bacterial strains (P. Aeruginosa and two E. coli) with regard to antibiotics using an automatic method (ABAC) compared with a gel diffusion technic with impregnated disks. Each strain was tested by both methods 50 to 55 times. The diffusion method was easily reproducible with an average standard deviation of 2.23 mm. Its results were in agreement compared with the average diameter of measurements in 93.3% of cases. The automatic method gave results which agreed together in 95.7% of cases. It is thus reproducible. If one compares it with the results of the diffusion method, considered here as the reference method, we obtained the same response in 86.3% of cases. In 13.7% there was disagreement in interpretation (in most cases, the strain found intermediate in gel diffusion was considered sensitive on autoanalysis).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Automated measurement of elastase activity and elastase inhibitory capacity of serum].

A technic of autoanalysis of the elastase activity and the capacity of elastase inhibition of the serum is described. This estimation depends on the hydrolysis by elastase of N-ter-butoxycarbonyl-L-nitrophenyl ester with liberates p.nitrophenol the colour of which is read at 405 nm. The means of this sample estimation are reported in a few cases of respiratory, dermatological and pancreatic disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Automated analysis of proteins in the presence of Triton X-100].

The authors propose a method of autoanalysis of protein in presence of Triton X-100. This method uses Lowry's method in presence of sodium dodecyl-sulphate which permits inhibition of the formation of precipitates between Triton X-100 and Folin's reagent.

Albumins↗
PubMed1990

Clinical usefulness of malate dehydrogenase and its mitochondrial isoenzyme in comparison with aspartate aminotransferase and its mitochondrial isoenzyme in sera of patients with liver disease.

The activities of serum malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and its mitochondrial isoenzyme (MDHm) were studied in sera of patients with liver disease. They proved to be more useful than those of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and its mitochondrial isoenzyme for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and acute circulatory failure, and for estimation of the severity of acute hepatitis. The N/T value measuring system, which is adaptable for autoanalysis and allows simultaneous determination of activities depending on NAD and thionicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (thio-NAD), yields both the total activity of MDH and the N/T value which was correlated significantly with MDHm/MDH (r = 0.748). Assay of MDH and its mitochondrial isoenzyme in association with the N/T value measuring system seems to be more useful and less time consuming for estimation of the severity of liver diseases than that of AST and its mitochondrial isoenzyme.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

National field evaluation of a defined substrate method for the simultaneous enumeration of total coliforms and Escherichia coli from drinking water: comparison with the standard multiple tube fermentation method.

A defined substrate method was developed to simultaneously enumerate total coliforms and Escherichia coli from drinking waters without the need for confirmatory or completed tests. It is a new method based on technology that uses a hydrolyzable substrate as a specific indicator-nutrient for the target microbes. No equipment other than a 35 degrees C incubator and long-wavelength (366-nm) light is necessary. To perform the test, one only has to add water to the powdered ingredients in a tube or flask. If total coliforms are present in the water sample, the solution will change from its normal colorless state (no target microbes present) to yellow. The specific presence of E. coli will cause the same tube to fluoresce under a longwave (366-nm) UV lamp. The test, called Autoanalysis Colilert (AC), was compared with Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 10-tube multiple tube fermentation (MTF) in a national evaluation. Five utilities, representing six U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regions, participated. All water samples came from distribution systems. Split samples from a wide variety of water sources were analyzed for the MPN-versus-MPN comparison. A total of 1,086 tubes were positive by MTF, and 1,279 were positive by AC. There was no statistical difference between MTF and AC. Species identifications from positive tubes confirmed the sensitivity of the AC. A national evaluation of the AC test showed that it: (i) was as sensitive as Standard Methods MTF, (ii) specifically enumerated 1 total coliform per 100 ml, in a maximum of 24 h, (iii) simultaneously enumerated 1 E. coli per 100 ml in the same analysis, (iv) was not subject to false-positive or false-negative results by heterotrophic bacteria, (v) did not require confirmatory tests, (vi) grew injured coliforms, (vii) was easy to inoculate, and (viii) was very easy to interpret.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1989

National field evaluation of a defined substrate method for the simultaneous detection of total coliforms and Escherichia coli from drinking water: comparison with presence-absence techniques.

A defined substrate method was applied to drinking water to simultaneously enumerate total coliforms and total Escherichia coli directly from samples. After incubation at 35 degrees C for 24 h, the development of yellow in an initially colorless solution was specific for total coliforms; fluorescence at 366 nm in the same tube(s) or vessel demonstrated the presence of E. coli. No confirmatory or completed steps were necessary. Known as autoanalysis colilert (AC), this method was constituted as a presence-absence test and compared with the methods described in Standard Methods (SM) in the P-A format. Seven water utilities representing a wide geological and hydrological spectrum participated in the evaluation. A total of 702 split drinking water samples were analyzed. Of these, 358 were negative in both tests (SM- and AC-); 302 were positive (SM+ and AC+); and 42 were mixed (SM+ and AC-, 20; AC+ and SM-, 22). The overall agreement rate was 94%. Comparison of the SM and AC results by nonparametric statistics demonstrated no differences. Heterotrophic plate count bacteria exerted no discernible effect on the AC test. By subculture, each time the AC test was yellow, a total coliform was present; when the test was fluorescent, E. coli was isolated.

Colony Count, Microbial↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of beta-glucuronidase assay for the detection of Escherichia coli from environmental waters.

The new United States Drinking Water Regulations state that water systems must analyze for Escherichia coli or fecal coliforms on any routine or repeat sample that is positive for total coliforms. The proposed methods for the detection of E. coli are based on beta-glucuronidase activity, using the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucuronide (MUG). This study was conducted to determine whether beta-glucuronidase negative E. coli were present in significant numbers in environmental waters. Two hundred and forty E. coli cultures were isolated from 12 water samples collected from different environmental sources. beta-glucuronidase activity was determined using lauryl tryptose broth with MUG, EC broth with MUG, and the Autoanalysis Colilert (AC) procedure. The isolates were also evaluated by the standard EC broth gas fermentation method for fecal coliforms. The results confirm that assaying for the enzyme beta-glucuronidase utilizing the MUG substrate is an accurate method for the detection of E. coli in environmental waters.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1991

[Phosphorus-calcium metabolism in children under long-term anticonvulsant therapy].

The effects of prolonged administration of anticonvulsants were analyzed on different biochemical parameters related to phosphocalcium metabolism in 98 children aged 1 to 14, not affected by other chronic pathology, and to whom no Vitamin D nor other vitamin-mineral complexes had been administered. We take as reference a group of normal children studied during the same period. Determinations were accomplished with the usual chemical controls in our laboratory (autoanalysis of continuous flow, radioimmunoassay and colorimetric measurements) and the following mean levels were obtained for treated children: Calcium: 9.2 +/- 0.4 mg/dl, phosphorous: 3.5 +/- 1.9 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase: 252 +/- 72 U/L, 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol: 35.6 +/- 18 ng/ml, Osteocalcine: 5.4 +/- 3.6 ng/ml, and parathyroid hormone: 0.4 +/- 0.1 ng/ml. These values differed significantly from those found in the control group for phosphorous, lower in children under treatment (p = 0.000), and the 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol was likewise lower (p = 0.000). In other way the mean levels of alkaline phosphatase were higher in treated children (p = 0.000). No significant differences were obtained for mean levels of calcium, parathyroid hormone and osteocalcine. These differences are maintained when distributing patients among different age groups. Solar radiation received by treated children during the months preceding the extraction, did not produce significant differences on 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol, with mean values that were similar at the end of summer (34 +/- 9 ng/ml) and the end of winter (36.6 +/- 18 ng/ml).

Alkaline Phosphatase↗