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PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic methods used in breast neoplasms. Structure of the National Subprogram for Breast Cancer].

Different diagnostic methods used for the screening of breast cancer such as clinical examination of breasts, self-examination and mammography are reported. A detailed explanation is given regarding reasons for the indication of mammography which include latent symptoms in non-palpable lesions and asymptomatic cases, as well as the advantages of this diagnostic method. The structure and design of the Subprogram for Early and Preclinical Diagnosis of Breast Cancer are explained and data on the situation of breast cancer in the country are reported. The goal of the survey applied and the structure of the mobile car is briefly presented, as well as the management of the different classifications such as low, mid, high and very high risk. The purpose of this paper is to describe the developmental and supporting actions undertaken by the health staff, especially by the nursing and health promotion staff.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

[p16 gene deletion and point mutation in highly purified fresh breast neoplasm].

OBJECTIVE: To study the form and frequency of p16 gene deletion and point mutation in human breast neoplasm and the effective detection. METHODS: Cell culture was made using repeat-adhering method to purify human breast neoplasm cells and PCR-SSCP analysis in 14 highly purified fresh breast neoplasm, 14 fresh none-purified specimens, 27 paraffin-embedded specimens and corresponding normal tissues beside neoplasms. RESULTS: The rate of p16 gene deletion and point mutation was 42.9% (6/14) in the highly purified group, in which exon 1st - 3rd, showed homozygous deletion (5 cases) and exon 2nd showed mutation (1 case). The rate of p16 gene mutation in the other three groups was 7.1%, 7.4% and 4.9%. The detection rate of mutation was significantly higher in the highly purified group than in the other three groups (P < 0.01), but it was not significantly different in the other three groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: p16 gene deletion and point mutation exist in primary breast cancer. Homozygous deletion and small fragment deletion may be an important mechanism of inactivation in human breast neoplasm. Purified cancer cells will enhance the detection rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Breast neoplasms containing bone and cartilage.

A total of 307 breast neoplasms and tumour-like conditions were reviewed to assess the frequency with which bone and/or cartilage occurred. Of 90 fibroadenomas, 1 (1.1%) and 2 of 158 breast carcinomas (1.3%) contained bone, one benign mesenchymoma contained cartilage, and one benign "mixed" tumour (pleomorphic adenoma) displayed cartilage and bone. Twenty-two papillomas and 34 cases of gynaecomastia did not contain any cartilage or bone. This study confirms the impression that the occurrence of bone or cartilage in human breast neoplasms is rare. These lesions are briefly discussed with reference to the pertinent literature.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2001

The relationship of CyclinD1 and estrogen receptor expression in the process of proliferation and metastasis in breast neoplasm.

The role of CyclinD1 and estrogen receptor (ER) in the process of proliferation and metastasis of breast neoplasm and their relationship were studied. The expression levels of CyclinD1 and ER in the tissue samples were detected by using flow cytometry and L SAB immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. The results showed that CyclinD1 and ER expression levels in breast cancer were significantly higher than in benign breast neoplasm (P < 0.05). The CyclinD1 expression levels in stage I was much lower than in stages II, III, IV (P < 0.05). The positive rate of ER was not related with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P > 0.05), but the CyclinD1 expression level in ER (+) group was significantly higher than in ER (-) group (P < 0.05). It was concluded that CyclinD1 expression level might be obviously related with the proliferation and metastasis of breast neoplasm and ER.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

[The role of aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of breast neoplasms. An evaluation of clinical efficacy and the tolerability profile].

Constant acquisitions regarding endocrine pathogenesis and the biology of breast neoplasms have led to the evolution of hormone manipulation as a therapeutic option in patients suffering from this disease. There has been a shift from ablative surgical procedures to the use of drugs offering greater clinical efficacy and an improved tolerability profile. Since the late 1970s tamoxifen has been regarded as the gold standard for hormone treatment in hormone-responsive breast neoplasm, but promising new endocrine agents are now being compared in random trials. Of these, the latest generation of aromatase inhibitors appears to gather the widest consensus on the basis of the results published to date. This article aims to review this new category of drugs, illustrating their rationale of use, the results obtained in the treatment of breast neoplasm and the main studies in which they are currently being investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Significance of resistance index and pulsatility index in differential diagnosis of breast neoplasm].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) in differential diagnosis between the benign and malignant breast neoplasms. METHODS: Forty-seven cases of malignant breast tumors, sixty-nine cases of fibroadenomas, seven cases of inflammatory masses and twenty-two cases of mammiplasia were demonstrated on color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). The measurements of RI and PI of the four groups were recorded respectively and the comparison between benign and malignant neoplasms was made by applying Doppler quantitative analysis. RESULTS: The color flow was detected in 59.4% of benign breast neoplasms and in 89% of malignant ones respectively (chi 2-test, P < 0.001). There were significant difference between benign and malignant neoplasms on the RI and PI. The malignant neoplasms were characteristic of higher RI (> or = 0.70) and PI (> or = 1.30), which were of satisfactory value for differential diagnosis, amounting to 95.5% of accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Combination of both color Doppler analysis and 2D-US might remarkably increase the sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis of breast neoplasms. Our results confirmed the significance of color Doppler flow imaging and Doppler quantitative analysis on the differential diagnosis of breast neoplasms.

Adult↗