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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Trans-membrane difference of the vascular wall potentials and electrolyte content under the effect of nicotine and pentamine].

In experiments with anesthetized cats the effect of nicotine and pentamine with their intravenous administration into the organism on the transmembraneous difference on the carotid artery potentials and electrolytes exchange in the vascular wall was analyzed. Nicotine (60 and 120 gamma/kg) was found to increase the difference of potentials in the vascular wall of the carotid artery and pentamine (1 and 10 mg/kg)--to reduce it. Nicotine raised the level of potassium and downgraded the sodium concentration in the vascular wall, while changes in the proportion of calcium and magnesium ions proved to be insignificant and were demonstrable only in individual vessels. Pentamine increased the potassium and sodium content in the wall of blood vessels, excercising but little effect on the level of calcium and magnesium ions. A relation between changes in the transmembraneous difference of potentials and variations of the ionic composition in the vascular wall, mostly of potassium and sodium ions, is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Hemipelvectomy and its anesthesiological management].

Based on the study of an operative course, anesthesia and immediate postoperative period in 63 patients subjected to hemipelvectomy, it is demonstrated that the danger of early complications in these cases, at present, is not great relatively, and such operations can and must be performed, if indicated. Moreover, hemipelvectomy produces a number of specific changes in the organism that should be taken into consideration in conduction of anesthesia and corrective therapy postoperatively. Ganglionary blockade seems to be an obligatory constituent of anesthesiological provision in hemipelvectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Functional state of the liver in patients with malignant neoplasms, operated on with the use of ganglionic blockaders and moderate hypotension].

The functional state of the liver studied in 411 patients with malignant neoplasms undergoes the least variations under conditions of surgery with ganglionary blockade and moderate hypotension (not less than 90 mm Hg). These patients showed the best indices of protein metabolism and the status of the blood coagulation system, as well as activation of spontaneous anticoagulation. Complications in these patients were observed, but rather more rarely than in patients operated upon without using ganglionary blockade.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Induced hypotension for orthognathic surgery.

Achieving satisfactory hemostasis during orthognathic surgery may be difficult because of the extensive vascularity of facial structures. Hypotensive anesthetic techniques provide clear operative fields by altering regional tissue perfusion through the use of systemic vasodilators, ganglionic blocking agents, and positioning of the patient. Thorough monitoring during surgery, careful selection of patients, and close communication between the surgeon and anesthesiologist permit safe anesthesia, can decrease operating time, and usually obviate the need for transfusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical use of arfonad and hygronium aerosols in emergency hypotensive therapy].

During clinical testing of the administration of ganglion-blocking agents by inhalation (175 persons) it was established that drug aerosols of arfonad and hygronium possess high effectiveness, act rapidly, and are relatively safe. The inhalation method of the management of hypertensive crises may find wide use in out-patient practice, under conditions of the admission room, cardiological and resuscitation departments, as well as in obstetrics when controlled hypotension is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Transplantability and growth of sarcoma 37 under a ganglionic blockade].

The inoculation of sarcoma-37 against the background of the ganglionary blockade, provided by the intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml of pentamine, is not associated with its less take rate, but there is a manifest suppression of the tumor growth during the period up to 63 days. A preliminary ganglionary blockade completely eliminates the stimulating effect of a trauma on the tumor growth.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of skeletal muscle cholinoreceptors using alkylating agents].

The ability of decamethonium containing beta-clorethylamino groups to alkylate the nicotinic cholinoreceptors of the frog tonic muscles was studied. D-tubocurarine prevented the action of the alkylating decamethonium (AD). The latter equally inhibited the effects of carbacholine and tetramethylammonium. The degree of alkylation did not change with pH varying from 6 to 11. AD did not produce any parallel shifts, but inhibited at once the maximal response to carbacholine both of the frog intact muscle and of a single tonic fibre. It is suggested that decamethonium blocks the cholinoreceptors anionic sites, which are represented by the carboxylate, or phosphate anions. The frog tonic muscle probably fails to posses any spare receptors.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1979

Atropine versus glycopyrrolate. A study using repeated doses of suxamethonium in man.

Intermittent doses of suxamethonium have been known to result in bradycardia changes in cardiac rhythm. In order to assess the efficacy of a newer quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic, glycopyrrolate, on the cardia effects of intermittent suxamethonium, 28 patients received this drug intravenously just before induction of anesthesia. For comparison, 28 other patients were given atropine. In the atropine series, three patients developed bradycardia while none of those of the glycopyrrolate series did so. In addition, more patients had cardiac arrhythmias in the atropine group. Although no statistically significant differences were seen, clinically, glycopyrrolate seems to afford better protection against the cardiac changes resulting from intermittently administered suxamethonium.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Cardiac and vascular components of the systemic circulatory reaction to orthostasis].

The orthostatic test (OT) induced regular constrictor responses of the resistance vessels and less regular those of the capacitance vessels under conditions of extracorporeal circulation (by passing the left ventricle) in anesthetized cats. Responses of the resistance vessels were eliminated by ganglionic blockade, while blood pooling rised only in half of experiments under these conditions. In case of natural circulation, the ganglionic blockade entailed an obvious initial hypotension followed by lowering of compensatory elevation of arterial pressure (AP) while responses of the cardiac output to OT remained unchanged. By the method of extracorporeal circulation combined with the "working" heart significant lowering of the cardiac output to OT was achieved; this response was accompanied by constrictor responses of the resistance vessels. Compensatory responses of AP reveal themselves mainly by the vascular component of the systemic reaction.

Animals↗