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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The role of the digital computer in the pulmonary function laboratory.

Digital computers are becoming important diagnostic and research tools in the pulmonary function laboratory. Their applications include generating reports, file-keeping analyses of data from spirometry and stress testing procedures, graphically presenting data, and statistically reducing research data. The computer can be used to develop models of the respiratory system that can be practically applied to obtain more detailed information concerning the flow-limiting aspects of airway segments during forced exhalation. With the computer system's intended use in mind, the purchaser should consider a computer system's capacity, the expandability of the system, the manufacturer's reliability and service record, and the availability of necessary software.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analog gamma camera digitalization computer system].

OBJECTIVE: Digitalization of analogue gamma cameras systems, using special acquisition boards in microcomputers and appropriate software for acquisition and processing of nuclear medicine images is described in detail. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Microcomputer integrated systems interconnected by means of a Local Area Network (LAN) and connected to several gamma cameras have been implemented using specialized acquisition boards. The PIP software (Portable Image Processing) was installed on each microcomputer to acquire and preprocess the nuclear medicine images. A specialized image processing software has been designed and developed for these purposes. This software allows processing of each nuclear medicine exam, in a semiautomatic procedure, and recording of the results on radiological films. RESULTS: . A stable, flexible and inexpensive system which makes it possible to digitize, visualize, process, and print nuclear medicine images obtained from analogue gamma cameras was implemented in the Nuclear Medicine Division. Such a system yields higher quality images than those obtained with analogue cameras while keeping operating costs considerably lower (filming: 24.6%, fixing 48.2% and developing 26%.) CONCLUSIONS: Analogue gamma camera systems can be digitalized economically. This system makes it possible to obtain optimal clinical quality nuclear medicine images, to increase the acquisition and processing efficiency, and to reduce the steps involved in each exam.

Computers↗
PubMed1976

Digital computer analysis of the QRS complex of the dog, using the McFee axial system.

Digital computer analysis of the canine orthogonal electrocardiogram was performed on 30 clinically normal dogs, as recorded by the McFee axial system. The spatiogeometric properties calculated included: time duration of QRS, time integral of QRS, eigenvalues of the QRSsE loop, eigenvectors, spatial magnitude, and spatial velocity. Electrocardiograms were recorded by FM tape recorder, analogue-to-digital conversion performed, and the analytical procedure utilized the IBM 360/75 digital computer controlled by a FORTRAN G source program. The QRS complex and spatial values were qualitatively similar to those in other reports.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

Digital computer analysis of dermatoscopical images of 260 melanocytic skin lesions; perimeter/area ratio for the differentiation between malignant melanomas and melanocytic nevi.

BACKGROUND: Digital computer analysis of dermatoscopical images has been reported to facilitate the differential diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions in recent years. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to perform digital computer analysis of a set of different melanocytic lesions and compare the objective results. METHODS: The set of 260 melanocytic lesions (150 excised difficult cases (46 melanomas, 47 atypical nevi, 57 common nevi and 110 unexcised common nevi) was automatically analysed by the digital dermatoscopical system microDERM. We searched for differences in asymmetry, size, compactness and colour distribution. Perimeter/area ratio was calculated. RESULTS: The perimeter/area ratio was detected as the most important criterion for differentiation between malignant and benign melanocytic lesions (sensitivity 91.3% and specificity 90.7% for malignant melanomas vs. all benign nevi; sensitivity 91.3% and specificity 80.8% for melanomas vs. clinically atypical nevi). Differences in size of the lesion, shape and asymmetry of colour were found and statistically verified. Using step-wise logistic regression the formula for calculation of probability of malignant nature of every analysed lesion was constructed. CONCLUSION: The perimeter/area ratio is a simple parameter for the differential diagnosis of melanocytic skin lesions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Low-dose digital computed radiography in pediatric chest imaging.

A prototype digital computed radiographic imaging system that uses laser-stimulated luminescence was evaluated for its ability to achieve reproducible, high-detail, low-dose pediatric chest radiographs. Using this system, we performed a total of 401 examinations in infants and children, and achieved an 85% reduction in radiation dose, as compared with that delivered when film-screen techniques were used. We also achieved satisfactory image resolution, and the images obtained were of acceptable diagnostic quality. A direct comparison of analog and digital radiographs showed that comparable quality and clinical acceptability could be readily maintained between the two techniques. This study shows that high-quality images can be produced by this system at radiation doses reduced by 85% when compared with doses from standard radiographic techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1962

The routine fitting of kinetic data to models: a mathematical formalism for digital computers.

A mathematical formalism is presented for use with digital computers to permit the routine fitting of data to physical and mathematical models. Given a set of data, the mathematical equations describing a model, initial conditions for an experiment, and initial estimates for the values of model parameters, the computer program automatically proceeds to obtain a least squares fit of the data by an iterative adjustment of the values of the parameters. When the experimental measures are linear combinations of functions, the linear coefficients for a least squares fit may also be calculated. The values of both the parameters of the model and the coefficients for the sum of functions may be unknown independent variables, unknown dependent variables, or known constants. In the case of dependence, only linear dependencies are provided for in routine use. The computer program includes a number of subroutines, each one of which performs a special task. This permits flexibility in choosing various types of solutions and procedures. One subroutine, for example, handles linear differential equations, another, special non-linear functions, etc. The use of analytic or numerical solutions of equations is possible.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed1995

Integrating molecular and digital computing: an information systems design perspective.

Biological systems use a non-programmable, but evolvable and efficient mode of information processing that can be traced to its underlying macromolecular basis (Conrad, 1985, Commun. ACM 28, 464-480). Digital computers, on the other hand, are structurally programmable, but not evolvable, nor efficient. In this paper we explore ways to provide effective support of function in organizations by combining the molecular and digital modes of information processing in a synergistic manner. In particular, we look at the potential of molecular computing technology for extending the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities of humans in complex organizational systems. Synergies resulting from the integration of molecular computing (including both human and molecular computing devices) and digital computing, are analyzed from an information systems design perspective.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed1975

Algorithm for the multi-parameter analysis of nystagmus using a digital computer.

A computer program for analyzing nystagmus has been developed and can be used on a small laboratory digital computer. The algorithm accepts digitized data and looks for the minimum and maximum (minmax) points of the nystagmus waveform. These points in turn are used to define seven descriptive parameters of nystagmus, including the amplitude, duration, and velocity of the slow and fast phases, and the frequency. The algorithm uses three user-adjusted criteria for accepting or rejecting minmax points. The treatment of noisy or irregular data can be improved by adjusting the values of these criteria.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

A digital computer and a lung function test service: efficiency and costs.

An off-line digital computer used to calculate the results of routine lung function tests saved an average of 20% (9.8 min) of the time required per patient when compared with the use of a simple electronic calculator. This saving would permit an increase in the work-load of the laboratory from 1250 to 1500 patients per year if the same tests were used. The cost of suitable computer equipment, however, would exceed that of employing an additional lung function technician.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Digital computer analysis of the electromyogram: preliminary report (author's transl)].

This is a preliminary report of a method of digital computer analysis of the electromyogram recorded from twenty sites in biceps brachial during fixed voluntary effort. The method allows several EMG parameters to be studied. The results in a group of normal subjects have been compared with those in patients with neuromuscular disease. Three parameters have proved of value in differentiating normal subjects from those with neurogenic disease.

Adult↗