PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Campylobacter rectus”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Antigenic properties of Campylobacter rectus (Wolinella recta) major S-layer proteins.

The antigenic properties of the surface layer (S-layer) proteins of various Campylobacter rectus strains including 24 clinical isolates and the type strain ATCC 33238 were examined. S-layer proteins were extracted from whole cells by acid treatment according to the method of McCoy et al. (Infect. Immun. 11, 517-525, 1975). The acid extracts from 23 of the isolates and ATCC 33238 contained two major proteins with molecular masses of 130 kDa and 150 kDa, both of which were identified as subunits of the S-layer after comparison with the protein profiles of acid-treated (S-layer-deficient) cells. An S-layer protein from one isolate (CI-808) demonstrated a different molecular mass (160 kDa). Both the 150-kDa proteins of ATCC 33238 and isolate CI-306 and the 160-kDa protein of CI-808 were purified by ion-exchange chromatography in the presence of urea. In Ouchterlony immunodiffusion experiments with these purified proteins and rabbit antiserum raised to each purified protein, both common and strain-specific antigenic determinants were identified in the C. rectus S-layer proteins.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1998

The S-layer protein from Campylobacter rectus: sequence determination and function of the recombinant protein.

The gene encoding the crystalline surface layer (S-layer) protein from Campylobacter rectus, designated slp, was sequenced and the recombinant gene product was expressed in Escherichia coli. The gene consisted of 4086 nucleotides encoding a protein with 1361 amino acids. The N-terminal amino acid sequence revealed that Slp did not contain a signal sequence, but that the initial methionine residue was processed. The deduced amino acid sequence displayed some common characteristic features of S-layer proteins previously reported. A homology search showed a high similarity to the Campylobacter fetus S-layer proteins, especially in their N-terminus. The C-terminal third of Slp exhibited homology with the RTX toxins from Gram-negative bacteria via the region including the glycine-rich repeats. The Slp protein had the same N-terminal sequence as a 104-kDa cytotoxin isolated from the culture supernatants of C. rectus. However, neither native nor recombinant Slp showed cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells or human peripheral white blood cells. These data support the idea that the N-terminus acts as an anchor to the cell surface components and that the C-terminus is involved in the assembly and/or transport of the protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

The GroEL-like protein from Campylobacter rectus: immunological characterization and interleukin-6 and -8 induction in human gingival fibroblast.

The native GroEL-like protein was purified from Campylobacter rectus, a putative periodontal pathogen, by affinity chromatography on ATP-agarose followed by high performance liquid chromatography on Superose 6. The purified 64-kDa protein (denatured form of GroEL-like protein) was immunoreactive by SDS-PAGE and Western immunoblotting with the monoclonal antibody directed against heat shock protein 60 of human origin. The native GroEL-like protein stimulated both interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 secretion by a confluent monolayer of human gingival fibroblast in their culture supernatant. During the 22-h incubation, the amounts of IL-6 and IL-8 were increased by 5.4- and 3.5-fold, respectively. These data suggested that the GroEL-like protein might be considered to be a virulence factor of C. rectus in periodontal disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Subgingival distribution of Campylobacter rectus and Tannerella forsythensis in healthy children with primary dentition.

OBJECTIVE: It is important to know how many subgingival plaque samples should be assayed from a child to ascertain infection with a periodontal pathogen. Plaque samples from several sites may fail to detect some important bacteria if only a limited number of gingival sites are sampled. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detection of periodontal pathogens in a large number of subgingival sites in the same children in order to determine the number of samples necessary. METHODS: Ten children, aged 4-6 years, with complete primary dentition were enrolled in this study. Plaque samples from the mesio-buccal aspect of each erupted tooth were first collected by gently inserting a sterile paper point for 10s. Purified genomic DNA from all plaque samples was prepared for polymerase chain reaction. The primers for species-specific 16S ribosomal RNA sequence were selected as the target sequence. Standard strains of Campylobacter rectus and Tannerella forsythensis (formerly Bacteroides forsythus) were used as control strains. RESULTS: All subjects were found positive for C. rectus and T. forsythensis with the mean of positive sites at 17.6 +/- 2.4 (range: 12-20 sites) for C. rectus and 9.3 +/- 5.0 (range: 1-19) for T. forsythensis. The mean number of positive sites was 1.7 +/- 0.8 for C. rectus and 6.5 +/- 4.9 for T. forsythensis, with a confidence ratio of 95%. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that two or more random sites for C. rectus and seven or more random sites for T. forsythensis from children to detect those bacteria at 95% probability.

Aggressive Periodontitis↗
PubMed1997

Role for the S-layer of Campylobacter rectus ATCC33238 in complement mediated killing and phagocytic killing by leukocytes from guinea pig and human peripheral blood.

OBJECTIVE: The role of the S-layer of Campylobacter rectus ATCC 33238 in complement-mediated killing and interaction with leukocytes of the intraperitoneal cavity from guinea pigs and human peripheral blood was studied in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rabbit polyclonal anti-serum to whole C. rectus cells, a monoclonal antibody which recognizes 150 KDa S-layer protein antigen and a monoclonal antibody against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were prepared. Sensitivities of C. rectus cells against complement mediated killing and phagocytic killing by peritoneal leukocytes of guinea pig and human peripheral leukocytes were examined in the presence or absence of a specific antibody. RESULTS: C. rectus ATCC 33238 cells were moderately sensitive to complement mediated killing in the presence of rabbit polyclonal antibody against whole cells, and slightly sensitive in the presence of monoclonal antibody against S-layer. Ingestion and phagocytic killing of C. rectus cells by leukocytes were enhanced by the rabbit anti-serum and monoclonal antibody against S-layer, but not by the monoclonal antibody against LPS, pre-immune rabbit serum or control ascites. Viability of leukocytes was dependent on the number of ingested C. rectus cells. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that S-layer possessing C. rectus cells are resistant to complement mediated killing and phagocytic killing by leukocytes in the absence of specific antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter rectus share a common antigen.

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of antigens with immunological cross-reactivity in periodontopathogenic bacteria and Helicobacter pylori, the pathogen associated with gastritis and peptic ulcers in human. MATERIALS AND METHODS/RESULTS: Among the putative periodontopathogens tested (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Treponema denticola), cross-reactive bands were only detected in C. rectus by SDS-PAGE/Western immunoblotting analysis using a polyclonal antibody directed to H. pylori cells. One of these cross-reactive antigens, a 64-kDa band antigen, also reacted with a monoclonal antibody directed to the human heat shock protein (HSP) 60. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of this C. rectus protein revealed a high degree of homology with corresponding regions of other HSPs belonging to the HSP60 family, indicating that the 64-kDa antigen was a GroEL protein. The nucleotide sequence of the C. rectus GroEL protein coded for a 547 amino acid protein with a predicted size of 57.8 kDa. Comparison of the alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence of the GroEL protein of C. rectus with that of H. pylori showed a high degree of similarity throughout its length (76.8%). GroEL protein from C. rectus possessed the ability to stimulate production of IL-6 by a confluent monolayer of human gingival epithelial cells and was cytotoxic when used at a high concentration. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals an immunological relationship between H. pylori and C. rectus, and clearly indicates that one of the shared antigens is a GroEL protein possessing a biological activity that might play a role in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

Effect of Campylobacter rectus LPS on plasminogen activator-plasmin system in human gingival fibroblast cells.

The plasminogen activator (PA)-plasmin system is implicated in the degradation of the extracellular matrix in inflammation through activation of metalloproteases and prekallikrein. We examined the activation of the PA-plasmin system in human gingival fibroblast cells (Gin-1 cells) following treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Campylobacter rectus, which is frequently detected at sites of periodontal disease. The C. rectus LPS stimulated the plasmin activity in the conditioned medium of Gin-1 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and C. rectus LPS also stimulated the PA activity in the conditioned medium. The PA produced by Gin-1 cells was determined to be urokinase PA (uPA), as preincubation of Gin-1 conditioned medium with anti-uPA antiserum completely inhibited the PA activity while that with anti-tPA antiserum had no inhibitory effect. The concentration of PA inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the conditioned medium was decreased by the addition of C. rectus LPS. Therefore, the enhancement of plasmin activity in the conditioned medium was dependent on increased uPA activity via the decrease of the PAI-1 level of Gin-1 cells treated with C. rectus LPS. Furthermore, the conditioned medium of Gin-1 cells treated with C. rectus LPS showed significantly increased kallikrein activity, indicating the conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein, which converts kininogen into kinin. These findings suggest that C. rectus LPS is a potent stimulator of inflammation of gingival tissue which acts through stimulation of the PA-plasmin system.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed1994

Interdental supragingival plaque--a natural habitat of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Campylobacter rectus, and Prevotella nigrescens.

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that suspected periodontal pathogens form a minor component of the supragingival plaque of individuals without periodontal diseases. Twenty-one dental hygienist trainees with a mean age of 23.5 years were twice sampled for interdental plaque between 1st and 2nd molars in all quadrants. The samples were assessed for Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Campylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and the Prevotella intermedia/Prevotella nigrescens group of organisms. Bacteria of this group were predominantly P. nigrescens and showed both the highest prevalence (100%) and the highest colonization density of the investigated species. Seven of 21 samples harbored A. actinomycetemcomitans. Serotypes a, b, and c were found in three samples each, while serotype e was present in one sample. Three subjects had two different A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes. Bacteroides forsythus and C. rectus were detected in 10 (48%) and nine (43%) subjects, respectively. The detected cell numbers accounted for approximately 0.01% to 1% of the sampled flora. In contrast, P. gingivalis was found only in a single sample, which in addition harbored B. forsythus, C. rectus, A. actinomycetemcomitans (serotypes b and e), and P. intermedia. These results suggest that the investigated periodontal bacteria are not "exogenous pathogens", but amphibiotic, opportunistic microorganisms which may have a natural habitat in the supragingival plaque of the interproximal area of molars.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Suppression of proliferation of a human B-cell leukaemic cell line derived from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by soluble factor(s) from Campylobacter rectus.

Soluble sonic extracts of several strains were examined for their ability to alter proliferation of a cell line derived from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BALL-1). Extracts of all strains tested caused dose-dependent suppression of proliferation when assessed by DNA (tritiated thymidine incorporation), RNA (tritiated uridine incorporation) and protein (tritiated leucine incorporation) synthesis. There was no effect on the viability of BALL-1 as measured by either trypan-blue exclusion or extracellular release of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The suppressive factor(s) was separated in a well-defined peak by high-pressure liquid DEAE ion-exchange chromatography, which revealed a single active peak with a molecular mass of 48 kDa. Characterization of the peak indicated that the suppressive factor(s) was heat labile (activity destroyed at 80 degrees C) and sensitive to the proteolytic enzyme pronase P. The soluble suppressive factor(s) from Campylobacter rectus thus has protein-like properties and no cytotoxicity to a human B-cell leukaemic cell line.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2003

Campylobacter gracilis and Campylobacter rectus in primary endodontic infections.

AIM: A species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to investigate the occurrence of Campylobacter gracilis and C. rectus in primary root canal infections. METHODOLOGY: Samples were collected from 57 single-rooted teeth with carious lesions, necrotic pulps and radiographic evidence of periradicular disease. Twenty-eight cases were diagnosed as chronic asymptomatic periradicular lesions, 12 cases as acute apical periodontitis, and 17 cases as acute periradicular abscess. DNA was extracted from the samples and initially amplified using universal 16S rDNA primers. A second round of amplification using the first PCR products was performed to specifically detect C. gracilis or C. rectus in the samples. RESULTS: Campylobacter gracilis and C. rectus were, respectively, detected in 21.4 (6 of 28) and 30% (6 of 20) of the root canals associated with chronic asymptomatic periradicular lesions. Campylobacter gracilis was found in 16.7% (2 of 12) of the cases diagnosed as acute apical periodontitis, whilst C. rectus was found in 33.3% (two of six cases). In the abscessed cases, C. gracilis and C. rectus were detected in 23.5 (4 of 17) and 11.8% (2 of 17) of the cases, respectively. No association of these species with clinical symptoms was observed (P > 0.01) In general, species-specific nPCR allowed the detection of C. gracilis in 21.1% (12 of 57) and C. rectus in 23.3% (10 of 43)of the samples taken from primary endodontic infections. CONCLUSIONS: Findings confirmed the assertion that both C. gracilis and C. rectus participate in infections of endodontic origin and suggest a pathogenetic role with regard to periradicular diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Helicobacter acinonyx sp. nov., isolated from cheetahs with gastritis.

Four strains of a novel Helicobacter species were isolated from the stomachs of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubilatus) with gastritis. These isolates were phenotypically similar to Helicobacter pylori. The isolates were gram-negative, spiral bacteria which grew under microaerophilic conditions at 37 degrees C, but not at 25 or 42 degrees C, and produced urease, catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The isolates did not ferment glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, rhamnose, sucrose, melibiose, amygdalin, or arabinose; hydrolyze hippurate or indoxyl acetate; or reduce nitrate. They did not produce H2S from triple sugar iron agar, and they did not grow in the presence of 1.0% glycine or 1.5% NaCl. They were resistant to nalidixic acid and sensitive to cephalothin and metronidazole. Cells were typically 0.3 by 2.0 microns and possessed tufts of two to five sheathed, monopolar flagella. The G+C content of strain 90-119 was 30 mol%. Cluster analysis of densitometry scans of polyacrylamide protein gels revealed more than 70% similarity of the cheetah isolates to H. pylori, less than 60% similarity to Helicobacter felis, and less than 50% similarity to Helicobacter mustelae. Complete 16S rRNA sequences were determined for two of the cheetah isolates. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by comparing the cheetah sequences to those of 19 reference strains, including H. pylori, H. felis (two strains), H. mustelae, Helicobacter muridarum, "Flexispira rappini," Wolinella succinogenes, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter curvus, Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, Campylobacter rectus, Campylobacter sputorum subsp. bubulus, a Campylobacter sp. (pig isolate), [Bacteroides] gracilis, and [Bacteroides] ureolyticus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acinonyx↗
PubMed1996

Degradation of lactoferrin by periodontitis-associated bacteria.

The degradation of human lactoferrin by putative periodontopathogenic bacteria was examined. Fragments of lactoferrin were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and measured by densitometry. The degradation of lactoferrin was more extensive by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Capnocytophaga sputigena, slow by Capnocytophaga ochracea, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia, and very slow or absent by Prevotella nigrescens, Campylobacter rectus, Campylobacter sputorum, Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. nucleatum, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus and Peptostreptococcus micros. All strains of P. gingivalis tested degraded lactoferrin. The degradation was sensitive to protease inhibitors, cystatin C and albumin. The degradation by C. sputigena was not affected by the protease inhibitors and the detected lactoferrin fragments exhibited electrophoretic mobilities similar to those ascribed to deglycosylated forms of lactoferrin. Furthermore a weak or absent reactivity of these fragments with sialic acid-specific lectin suggested that they are desialylated. The present data indicate that certain bacteria colonizing the periodontal pocket can degrade lactoferrin. The presence of other human proteins as specific inhibitors and/or as substrate competitors may counteract this degradation process.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans↗
PubMed1998

Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque.

It has been recognized for some time that bacterial species exist in complexes in subgingival plaque. The purpose of the present investigation was to attempt to define such communities using data from large numbers of plaque samples and different clustering and ordination techniques. Subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth in 185 subjects (mean age 51 +/- 16 years) with (n = 160) or without (n = 25) periodontitis. The presence and levels of 40 subgingival taxa were determined in 13,261 plaque samples using whole genomic DNA probes and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Clinical assessments were made at 6 sites per tooth at each visit. Similarities between pairs of species were computed using phi coefficients and species clustered using an averaged unweighted linkage sort. Community ordination was performed using principal components analysis and correspondence analysis. 5 major complexes were consistently observed using any of the analytical methods. One complex consisted of the tightly related group: Bacteroides forsythus, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. The 2nd complex consisted of a tightly related core group including members of the Fusobacterium nucleatum/periodonticum subspecies, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Peptostreptococcus micros. Species associated with this group included: Eubacterium nodatum, Campylobacter rectus, Campylobacter showae, Streptococcus constellatus and Campylobacter gracilis. The 3rd complex consisted of Streptococcus sanguis, S. oralis, S. mitis, S. gordonii and S. intermedius. The 4th complex was comprised of 3 Capnocytophaga species, Campylobacter concisus, Eikenella corrodens and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype a. The 5th complex consisted of Veillonella parvula and Actinomyces odontolyticus. A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b, Selenomonas noxia and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 2 (A. viscosus) were outliers with little relation to each other and the 5 major complexes. The 1st complex related strikingly to clinical measures of periodontal disease particularly pocket depth and bleeding on probing.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Recently described clinically important anaerobic bacteria: taxonomic aspects and update.

A new method of identifying bacteria, phylogenetic 16S rRNA sequencing, has led to major reorganizations among most genera of anaerobic bacteria. The pigmented Prevotella species now comprise seven species including P. nigrescens and P. tannerae; P. intermedia/P. nigrescens-like organisms await inclusion. The former Mitsuokella dentalis and Hallella seregens were transferred to Prevotella as one species, P. dentalis. P. enoeca is a new nonpigmenting Prevotella. The genus Porphyromonas currently includes 11 pigmented species and one nonpigmented species, P. catoniae; P. levii-like and P. endodontalis-like organisms are candidates for the genus. Fusobacterium nucleatum currently has five subspecies, and F. varium includes the former F. pseudonecrophorum. Former Wolinella recta and Wolinella curva now are Campylobacter rectus and Campylobacter curvus; Campylobacter showae is a new species. Isolates included in the bile-sensitive former Bacteroides gracilis now are Campylobacter gracilis; the bile-resistant B. gracilis isolates were transferred to a new genus, Sutterella, as S. wadsworthensis. The new Actinomyces species include two subspecies of the A. neuii and the A. radingae-A. turicensis complex. The genus Eubacterium sensu stricto is represented by E. limosum, and the former E. alactolyticum was reclassified in a new genus, Pseudoramibacter, as P. alactolyticus. Recent entries include E. saphenum, E. minutum, E. exiguum, E. infirmum, and E. tardum. A new genus, Atopobium houses some former lactobacilli and streptococci. The genus Peptostreptococcus also have four new species; P. hydrogenalis, P. lacrimalis, P. lactolyticus, and P. vaginalis.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed2000

Campylobacter species in health, gingivitis, and periodontitis.

At least seven Campylobacter species have been identified from subgingival sites. Campylobacter rectus has been implicated as a periodontal pathogen; however, association with periodontal infections of other Campylobacter species, especially the newly described Campylobacter showae, is unclear. This study examined which Campylobacter species were associated with periodontal health and disease. Subgingival Campylobacter species from initial and established periodontitis were compared with species from periodontally healthy subjects, including subjects with gingivitis. Campylobacter species were isolated on selective media and identified by whole-cell protein profiles (SDS-PAGE). Except for C. rectus, Campylobacter levels were frequently below the detection limit (2-5% of the microbiota) of non-selective culture methods. C. rectus and C. showae, including Campylobacter X, were found more frequently and in higher levels from diseased than from healthy periodontal sites. C. gracilis was the dominant Campylobacter species found in relatively shallow pockets; however, its presence was unrelated to periodontal health or disease. C. concisus was isolated in higher proportions from relatively shallow and healthy sites, compared with deeper pockets. C. curvus was unrelated to periodontal health or disease. Analysis of the study data confirmed the relationship of C. rectus with diseased subgingival sites and indicated that C. showae may also be associated with periodontal disease.

Adult↗