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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Lipids in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in acute cerebrovascular disorders].

The cholesterol and lipoid phosphorus levels in the serum and liquor' cerebrospinalis were studied in 40 patients suffering from ischaemic cerebral lesions. A chromatographic determination was also performed for eight sub-fractions of polar and neutral fats (lysolecithin, sphingomyelin, lecithin, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, non-esterified fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride and cholesterol ester). Furthermore, five sub-fractions of cholesterol esters were prepared according to the degree of unsaturation in the individual fatty acids. The results were compared with a group of 25 control persons. No significant changes in the lipide sub-fractions were found in the serum. Total cholesterol was lower for cerebral haemorrhages, lipoid phosphorus was higher. In the liquor, no increase was found in total lipides but only a shift in some lipide fractions, the most pronounced being a lowering in triglyceride and an increase in free cholesterol and sphingomyelin. It would seem that a determination of lipides in the serum and liquor is not decisive for the diagnosis of acute vascular cerebral haemorrhages. These questions require thorough research and experimentation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Acute cerebrovascular disorders caused by ovulation inhibitors].

Cerebral circulatory disturbances occurred in 42 women between the ages of 17 and 52 who were taking oral contraceptives. The disturbances were primarily in the form of cerebral haemorrhages. The symptoms ranged from ephemeral neurological deficiencies to massive hemi-syndromes. Complete remission occurred in 16 patients, partial remission in 24 patients, two patients died. The patients were subdivided into two age groups, one comprising 31 persons between 17 and 39, and the other 11 persons between 41 and 52 years of age. The aim was to ascertain facts which were related to the possibility of haemorrhage in women taking ovulation inhibitors. The first finding, statistically significant, was that the possibility of a cerebro-vascular disturbance increases with the period during which the pill is taken and that this possibility is especially great in the presence of migraine which may also be existent in the family, and in the case of hypertension. The second finding, not significant however, was that the risk was higher in the presence of several factors in one person. These factors include familial factors with a predisposition to migraine and thrombosis, past illnesses of the peripheral vascular system, a predisposition to allergic reactions, obesity and kidney damage. Should one of these situations or both prevail, the patient will be advised to stop taking the pill, and the contraceptive will be discontinued if certain prodromes are observed in a general form, or if focal symptoms occur.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Cerebrovascular circulatory disorders: new aspects of pathophysiology and therapy.

After reviewing new aspects in the pathophysiology of the poststenotic cerebral ischemia as the cause of the various syndromes of cerebrovascular disorders, therapeutic approaches are discussed. The fatal vicious cycle of the disturbances of the nutritive blood flow within the cerebral microcirculation can be interrupted by means of pentoxifylline. By amelioration of the disturbed flow properties of blood in the microcirculation due to improvement of red cell deformability and inhibition of platelet aggregation, oxygen supply is enhanced and more glucose offered. Membrane permeability and functions of the cells are normalized by the inhibitory action on edematous changes in the brain tissue and by removal of the mechanical obstacles of microcirculation. The disturbed cerebral metabolism is stimulated by enhancement of the energy-rich phosphates in the brain cells. The combined rheological, antiedematous and metabolic effects of pentoxifylline offer a complex therapy of cerebrovascular insufficiency.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1979

Cerebrovascular disease.

Cerebrovascular disorders producing transient or permanent symptoms and signs are very common, but they are not the only causes of a sudden neurologic deficit. Careful examination of the cardiovascular system may indicate the likely cause of the lesion, while accurate neurologic localization is also useful in establishing a diagnosis and prognosis. The CT scan is very helpful in distinguishing infarction from haemorrhage. In the management of the acute lesion, treatable disorders such as systemic diseases, potentially fatal rostro-caudal herniation, haematomas and aneurysms always need to be positively exlcuded. Endarterectomy, platelet inhibitors and anticoagulants are advised in certain situations, although their place in the management of cerebrovascular disorders still remains somewhat controversial.

Auscultation↗
PubMed1975

Pharmacological analysis of the adrenergic control of the cerebral circulation.

The adrenergic control of the cerebral circulation was subjected to pharmacological analysis. The status of the cerebral circulation was assessed using radioisotope, electromagnetic and resistographic methods. EEG, ECG and arterial pressure were recorded. The acid-base equilibrium and oxygen tension were measured in the arterial blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The experiments showed that the sympathetic innervation plays an important role in controlling cerebral circulation and in the development of cerebrovascular disorders. This was indicated by the constriction of intracranial arteries induced by noradrenaline, stimulation of sympathetic nerves, reflex sympathetic activations and the effect of potassium chloride on the centrol nervous system. The pharmacological study demonstrated that constriction of the intracranial vessels is brought about by an activation of the sympatho-adrenal system which is mediated via alpha-adrenoreceptors of cerebral blood vessels.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

[Oxygen transport function of hemoglobin in several neurologic diseases].

Data on the oxygen transport function of hemoglobin in patients with craniocerebral injury, cerebrovascular disorders, and epilepsy are presented. The role of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate contained in the erythrocytes, and of changes of the hemoglobin affinity to oxygen in the oxygenation of tissues in such patients is discussed. It is concluded that determinations of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content in the erythrocytes be applied in clinical practice for diagnosing a number of nervous diseases accompanied by symptoms of cerebral hypoxia, so that the latter could be compensated in due time.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1977

[Rheoencephalographic method of of analyzing several risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (epidemiologic study)].

For the first time in mass studied of populations the author applied a REG method for the assessment of different risk factors in cerebrovascular disorders. REG changes were studied in 1446 individuals (males from 40-59 years and females from 50-59 years) living in 2 districts of Moscow in relation to the influence of age, sex, arterial hypertension, smoking, excessive weight and hypercholesterolemia. A certain specificity of changes depending upon the acting factors was established. The highest REG changes were connected with advent of age, arterial hypertension and smoking. The achieved results make it possible to recommend REG for use in epidemiological studies. This method may also facilitate a detection of pathological changes in the brain due to the action of unfavourable factors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relative role of factors associated with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. A matched pair case-control study.

Comprehensive ascertainment of all possible new cases of stroke appearing between January 1, 1970 and June 30, 1971, and admitted to three major hospitals in Winnipeg, Manitoba, has been achieved by reviewing the Manitoba Health Services Commission claim reports. The medical records of these cases were reviewed, pertinent data were abstracted, and rigid criteria for diagnosis were followed. Also, data were obtained from death certificates, autopsy reports and long-term hospital records. A total of 606 ascertained cases (410 infarction, 137 hemorrhage, and 59 undetermined type) were matched for age, sex, residence and year of admission with 606 controls from admissions for other than cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. The data were analyzed for elucidating the possible risk factors for infarction (INF) and hemorrhage (HGE). The findings suggested that hypertension was the main risk factor in hemorrhage, whereas in infarction, along with hypertension, other factors such as diabetes, heart enlargement in chest x-ray, ECG abnormalities, and smoking were suggested as risk factors. There was an association also between infarction, on one hand, and the history of receiving anticoagulants, diuretics, and medications for the heart, and the occurrence of myocardial infarction, on the other hand. These features indicate that infarction and ischemic heart disease have similar risk factors. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were higher in infarction cases than in their controls only when measured at stroke admission. No difference was revealed when they were measured prior to stroke. Their association with infraction therefore may be secondary to other factors and of no significance for its risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Assessment of the therapeutic effect of Trental 400. Double-blind study in geriatric patients with circulatory disorders].

A double blind trial was performed in a geriatric unit in order to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of Trental 400 (400 mg Pentoxifylline per tablet) against a comparative formulation (2,4 mg adenosine per tablet) in 36 patients displaying signs of peripheral vascular disease and in 16 patients with symptoms of cerebrovascular disorders. 3 tablets were administered daily over a period of three months. Trental 400 proved to be significantly more effective in either indication group. Based on the observed good tolerability and pronounced efficacy Trental 400 can be considered as an easy to handle therapeutic tool for the long term treatment of symptoms resulting from peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Doppler ultrasonic measurement for diagnosing carotid occlusions and stenoses (author's transl)].

Doppler ultrasonic measurements were performed in 74 patients suffering from cerebrovascular disorders. Flow direction was determined in the supratrochlear artery by using a directional Doppler sonographic instrument according to the method of Keller et al. 15 patients presented, unilateral or bilateral, with a flow reversal (i.e. direction of flow into the orbita via supratrochlear artery). In 8 of these patients carotis or aoitic arch angiographies were performed and in 4 cases necropsy reports were available. In all instances where flow reversal occurred severe carotid stenoses or occlusions were demonstrable. Thus 9 internal carotid occlusions, 1 common carotid occlusion, and 3 severe internal carotid stenoses were proved. One internal carotid occlusion and 3 internal carotid stenoses were operated on. Check-up sonograms after endarterectomy of carotid occlusions or stenoses showed a normal antegrade flow thus demonstrating patency of the carotid vessels. Obviously, supratrochlear flow reversal as measured by ultrasonic technique signals ipsilateral carotid vessel occlusion or stenoses. Furthermore, the method seems to be a reliable means for controlling carotid endarterectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

Mechanistic insights into Claudin-14 dysfunction implicated in veins of Galen malformation.

Claudin-14 (CLDN14) is a key component of tight junctions (TJs) critical for maintaining paracellular barrier function. Variants of CLDN14 have been linked to Vein of Galen malformations (VOGMs), a rare cerebrovascular disorder; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying their pathogenicity remain unknown. Here, we investigate the mechanistic effects of two VOGM-associated mutations, A113P and V143M, using reinforcement-learning driven enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations combined with DiffNets-based deep learning and independent trajectory-wide structural analyses. Our analysis reveals that A113P induces broader structural disruption of CLDN14, perturbing paracellular sealing, pore symmetry, and inter-protomer communication, whereas V143M induces structural rearrangements centred around TM3 and the TM3-ECL2 region. In both cases, mutation-specific alterations are observed in structural stability and interfacial organization across oligomeric assemblies. Notably, these effects are qualitatively consistent across different modelled architectures, despite variability in local responses. In the absence of experimentally resolved structures, the structural perturbations reported here provide a mechanistic understanding of how VOGM-associated variants may influence CLDN14 structure and dynamics.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed2026

Identification of Immune Response-Related Proteomic Biomarkers in Moyamoya Disease Using Serum Olink Proteomics.

Moyamoya disease, a rare chronic cerebrovascular disorder, requires invasive digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for diagnosis. This study employed high-throughput proteomics to identify plasma biomarkers for Moyamoya disease diagnosis. We conducted immunopanel analysis using the Olink platform to evaluate 92 immune-related proteins in plasma samples from 88 Moyamoya disease patients and 88 healthy controls. Key proteins were identified through differential expression analysis, GO, and KEGG enrichment analysis. A diagnostic model was constructed using LASSO regression, Boruta algorithm, and machine learning models including random forest and XGBoost. Validation of these proteins was performed using GEO external data sets, followed by prediction of potential therapeutic drugs and molecular docking validation through pharmacogenomic databases. A total of 44 differentially expressed proteins were identified through the Olink immunopanel, with 12 downregulated and 32 upregulated. GO and KEGG analyses revealed significant enrichment of these proteins in innate immune responses and signaling pathways such as NF-kB and MAPK. Through LASSO, random forest, and protein under-area analysis, four potential biomarkers for Moyamoya disease (MGMT, SIT1, PRDX1, TRAF2) were identified. A diagnostic model using these proteins showed the highest AUC value with the XGBoost model. Additionally, TRAF2 and PRDX1 exhibited significant expression differences in Moyamoya disease patients within the GEO data set. Our study revealed the immune landscape of Moyamoya disease, identified four biomarkers, and established a variety of diagnostic models.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Diagnosis and management of brain death.

Finland was the first country in which brain death was legally accepted. Since 1975, 37 cases of brain death had been recorded in a university hospital in Finland, and these were reviewed. The cause for brain death was intracranial bleeding in 32 cases, other cerebrovascular disorder in two, and intracranial neoplasm in three. In 21 brain death was diagnosed clinically. In 16 cases confirmatory investigations (electroencephalography, cerebral angiography) were needed. After brain death had been established artificial support was withdrawn in 15 patients and organ transplantation was carried out in 10. In 12 patients, however, diagnosis of brain death did not influence management, though the heart stopped beating on average 25 hours after diagnosis. The Finnish criteria for brain death seem to be reliable and suitable for routine use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2025

ABO exon polymorphisms are related to ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population.

BACKGROUND: Recent research have underscored the relation of ABO blood group system to cerebrovascular disorders predisposition. The present investigation endeavors to delve into the relationship between ABO polymorphisms and ischemic stroke (IS) risk. METHODS: A cohort of 646 IS patients and 649 matched healthy controls was recruited. Genotyping of five SNPs within ABO were conducted by Agena MassARRAY platform. Logistic regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additionally, SNP-SNP interaction was assessed by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. Furthermore, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was utilized to explore the association between genotypes and blood lipid profiles. RESULTS: The study identified an elevated IS risk associated with rs8176740 and rs8176720 in the overall population. Notably, ABO rs8176720 emerged as the most informative single-locus model for IS susceptibility. These variants were related to an elevated IS risk, specifically in female subjects, the subgroup aged > 64 years, non-smokers, drinkers or non-drinkers. Moreover, rs8176749 and rs8176745 were associated with red blood cell count levels and total bilirubin levels. CONCLUSION: This study firstly demonstrated the association of ABO rs8176740 and rs8176720 with IS incidence, which increased the understanding regarding the effect of ABO on IS pathogenesis.

Aged↗