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PubMed1975

Isolation and characterization of proteoglycans from the swarm rat chondrosarcoma.

Proteoglycan monomer (D1) and aggregate (A1) preparations were isolated from 4 M guanidinium chloride extracts of the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma. When EDTA, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and benzamidine were present in the solutions, the D1 preparation contained a single component (SO = 23 S), and the A1 preparation contained 30% monomer (SO = 23 S) and 70 percent aggregate (SO = 111 S). In the absence of EDTA, 6-aminohexanoic acid, and benzamidine, the A1 preparations contained only small proteoglycan fragments, indicating that extensive enzymatic degradation had occurred. The composition of the proteoglycan monomer was different from that of proteoglycan monomer preparations from normal hyaline cartilages in that it did not contain keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate; only chondroitin 4-sulfate was found. The A1 preparation from the chondrosarcoma contained only one link protein, which was like the smaller (molecular weight of 40,000) of the two link proteins present in A1 preparations from bovine nasal cartilage. When the A1 preparation from the chondrosarcoma was treated with chondroitinase ABC and trypsin and the digest was chromatographed on Sepharose 2B, a complex was isolated which contained the link protein and the segments of the protein core from the hyaluronic acid-binding region of the proteoglycan molecules.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1977

[Chondrosarcoma of the upper jaw. Apropos of a clinical case].

Initially it has been a tendency to place chondrosarcoma in the general category of osteogenic sarcoma. Jaffe et Lichtenstein claimed that the concept of chondrosarcoma as a separate entity has a firm clinical and histological basis. Chondrosarcomas may arise in peripheral long and flat bones. The maxillary location is very rare, it represents about 0,7% of the whole body. 40 well documented instances are yet counted in the literature. Reporting a personnal case, the author proceeds to a comparative study between the three varieties of maxillary sarcomas, evokes the special histogenesis in this location, he reminds the interest of bone electrocoagulation as curative treatment, and discusses the difficulty in making a prognosis 3 years after surgery without local recurrence or metastasis in this case.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Chondrosarcoma of the jaws and facial skeleton: a review of the Japanese literature.

From the 35 cases of chondrosarcoma, the maxilla was the most frequently affected site (35.5%) and the mandible was the next (29.4%). Painless swelling is the conspicuous symptom for chondrosarcoma of the lower jaw and nasal complications are often recorded with the lesions of the upper jaw. Several kinds of histologically malignant featurs coexisted which made diagnosis complicated. The three-year survival rate was about 50% for chondrosarcoma of the lower jaw and much lower for the upper jaw.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

The importance of initial presentation and treatment upon the survival of patients with chondrosarcoma.

The effect of initial presenting symptoms, degree of tumor differentiation and type of surgical procedure on survival was evaluated in a 20 year review of 42 patients with chondrosarcoma. Therapy of patients presenting initially with a painless mass resulted in a median survival period longer than 13 years versus less than three years of the initial symptom was pain. Median survival time of patients with well differentiated chondrosarcomas was more than ten years compared with 1.2 years if the tumor was less well differentiated. Even if the sarcoma was nonresectable, these factors influenced the survival time. Since chondrosarcomas tended to recur locally rather than to metastasize, a number of patients who had a recurrence after the initial surgical excision could be saved by a more radical secondary operation.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chondrosarcoma of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx.

Thirteen patients, six men and seven women, were seen at the Mayo Clinic with chondrosarcomas of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, or nasopharynx in a 25-year period. Nasal obstruction, discharge, and bleeding were the major symptoms and a nasal mass was the most common sign. The typical chondrosarcoma is low in grade but malignant and it arises in the nasal cavity as a large, pale, glistening mass. Local excision was employed initially in seven patients and five had local recurrence. Definitive block excision cured four of six patients and the two others had a protracted clinical course and ultimately died of the disease. Long-term follow-up shows that chondrosarcomas are insidious, locally progressive tumors. Radiotherapy, used for palliation after recurrence, failed to produce any cures. Lateral rhinotomy and block excision are advocated as the primary treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Chondrosarcoma: clear-cell variant. A report of sixteen cases.

Of sixteen adult patients with clear-cell chondrosarcoma, ten were men. The tumor usually involved the proximal part of the femur or humerus. Roentgenographically, the lesion was usually well defined and indistinguishable from chondroblastoma. Serial roentgenograms occasionally showed malignant progression of the lesion. Histologically, benign giant cells and cells with clear cytoplasm were always present, and areas of conventional chondrosarcoma were seen in about half the cases. Excision usually resulted in recurrence; resection seemed to be curative. Four of the sixteen patients died as a result of the tumor. Clear-cell chondrosarcoma should be distinguished from chondroblastoma and treated more aggressively.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Radiologic diagnosis of chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx.

The radiographic findings in chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx basically comprise a discreet soft tissue mass on plain lateral and anteroposterior film, a smooth mucosal outline to the lesion, calcification, with either peripheral or central stippling and ossification. Secondary signs are also noted. Definition of these criteria are illustrated in order to apply these findings to the radiographic diagnosis of chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx.

Aged↗

PubMed1978

Meningeal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: report of 8 cases with review of the literature.

This paper reviews 8 personally examined cases of primary meningeal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and 4 similar cases previously reported by others. The clinicopathologic features of these extraosseous intracranial and intraspinal examples are similar to those of other extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcomas. The tumor occurred most often in the second and third decades, showed a moderate tendency to local recurrence (5 of 12 cases) and occasionally metastasized to the lungs (1 case). Both intracranial and intraspinal tumors occurred with equal frequency, but the former, probably due to the later onset of symptoms, had the worse prognosis. Microscopically, they are composed of primitive undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and frequently well-defined islands of hyaline cartilage. There is an apparent correlation between the frequency of mitotic figures and the likelihood of recurrence and metastasis. Electron microscopic study of one example revealed morphologic features similar to those previously described by others and supports the conclusion that the neoplastic cells represent primitive precartilaginous mesenchyme displaying focal cartilaginous differentiation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Chondrosarcoma of the jaws in Ibadan, Nigeria--a report of four cases.

Four cases of chondrosarcoma of the jaws seen in our clinics within a period of 15 years are described. In all, the lesions were initially benign-looking making early diagnosis difficult. The histogenesis of chondrosarcoma of the jaws is briefly discussed. In our environment, the prognosis of this disease is very poor.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Chondrosarcoma of the uterus: report of a case and review of the literature.

The clinical and pathologic features of a case of primary chondrosarcoma of the uterus and 12 previously described similar cases are reviewed. Pathologically the tumors resemble chondrosarcoma of bone. The clinical features, including a high degree of malignancy, resemble those of other types of pure heterologous sarcomas and the typical müllerian mixed tumors of the uterus.

Cervix Uteri↗

PubMed1978

Chondrosarcoma of the thyroid cartilage.

A TUMOUR which had been present for nine years in the thyroid cartilage of a 45-year-old man, was shown on microscopy to be a chondrosarcoma. This tumour probably took its origin in a pre-existing benign tumour at this site. The literature on similar previously documented tumours is reviewed, and the classification, diagnosis and management of these rare tumours is briefly discussed. Primary cartilaginous laryngeal tumours are uncommon (Hyams and Rubuzzi, 1970; Zizmor et al., 1975). A tumour of the thyroid cartilage which had been present for about nine years was shown histologically to be a low-grade chondrosarcoma probably arising from a pre-existing chondroma at this site. The clinical and pathological features of this case are presented and discussed in the light of the available literature.

Chondrosarcoma↗

PubMed1979

Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas of the head and neck.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, in both osseous and extra-skeletal forms, has a decided predilection for the head and neck region. The two cases presented in this report affirm this tendency and also illustrate the capricious biologic behavior of the neoplasms as manifested by the 30 additional cases recorded in the literature. Histopathologic confusion with hemangiopericytoma is avoided by identification of the cartilage component in the mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and by the undifferentiated nature of the cellular (non-cartilaginous) component.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma with "chordoid" features (chordoid sarcoma).

The light and electron microscopic features of a so-called chordoid sarcoma arising in the area of the gastrocolic ligament are described and illustrated. Despite the tumor's histologic resemblance to chordoma, the ultrastructural markers are those of chondroid rather than chordoid neoplasms. These are well-developed, vesciular granular endoplasmic reticulum, intracytoplasmic glycogen, lipid bodies, and a collagen-poor extracellular matrix with electron-dense granules, presumably representing chondroitin sulfate. Similar submicroscopic alterations have been observed in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas. Because of the distinctive morphologic appearance of this peculiar lesion, the term "myxoid chondrosarcoma with chordoid features" is suggested to reconcile histologic and ultrastructural features and histogenesis.

Aged↗

PubMed1977

[Chondrosarcoma of the orbit. Report of a case].

A case of chondrosarcoma of the orbit is reported. The patient complained of marked deterioration of her vision, pain and presented exophatalmus of the left eye. Chondrosarcoma of the orbit are rare and this is the first case reported in the Brazilian literature. Diagnostic and prognostic are discussed.

Carotid Arteries↗

PubMed1976

Chondrosarcoma of the esophagus.

A 46-year-old man had a large noncalcified tumor in the wall of the thoracic esophagus narrowing its lumen by projection of numerous firm nodular masses. The pathologic diagnosis was chondrosarcoma. Malignant degeneration of a tracheobronchial cartilaginous remnant is the main consideration in this first recorded case of esophageal chondrosarcoma.

Chondrosarcoma↗

PubMed1978

Dural mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Case report.

A dural mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is reported in a 19-year-old man. This tumor had features of angioblastic meningioma (meningeal hemangiopericytoma), by light microscopy. However, ultrastructurally this tumor could be distinguished from angioblastic meningioma, and its similarity to extracranial mesenchymal chondrosarcoma was confirmed.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Hormone-dependent growth of a rat chondrosarcoma in vivo.

The importance of various hormonal factors in the growth of a transplantable chondrosarcoma has been studied in vivo. Tumor growth was reduced by 95% in adrenalectomized or hypophysectomized rats as compared to normal animals. The number of tumors developing in either adrenalectomized or hypophysectomized rats was reduced more in male than in female rats. However, ovariectomy or orchiectomy did not alter the growth of the tumor. The inhibition of tumor growth in adrenalectomized and hypophysectomized animals was only observed after the first 10 days following inoculation. Cortisone (4-pregnen-17 alpha,21-diol-3,11,20-trione) administration fully restored tumor growth in adrenalectomized animals while adrenocorticotropic hormone or growth hormone were only partially effective in supporting tumor growth in hypophysectomized animals. High-affinity glucocorticoid receptors (7 to 10S) were present in the cytosls prepared from the tumor cells and were found to be increased in tumors from adrenalectomized animals. These results indicate that the growth of this chondrosarcoma is strongly dependent upon endocrine factors of adrenal and pituitary origin.

Adrenal Glands↗

PubMed1978

Mandibular metastasis of an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma arising on the plantar surface of the foot: report of case.

This paper presented a discussion of the initial appearance and atypical clinical course, histopathology, treatment, and prognosis of a case of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma that originated on the plantar surface of the left foot and that metastasized to the mandible. The clinical behavior of this neoplasm, as reported, is distinctively less aggressive and therefore thought to have a better prognosis than chondrosarcoma of bone. Contrary to the biologic behavior reported in the literature, however, our patient had a less than six-year remission from the neoplasm.

Adult↗