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PubMed1983

Spouse behavior and coronary heart disease in men: prospective results from the Framingham heart study. I. Concordance of risk factors and the relationship of psychosocial status to coronary incidence.

The relationship of social status and behavior type to the incidence of coronary heart disease was examined among husbands and wives in the Framingham Heart Study. Between 1965 and 1967, 269 spouse pairs, in which the husbands were 45-64 years of age, were administered an extensive psychosocial questionnaire. These pairs were followed over a 10-year period for the development of heart disease. Men married to women with 13 or more years of education were 2.6 times more likely to develop coronary disease than men married to women with a grammar school education (95% CI = 1.0-6.9). Incidence rates among husbands married to women employed outside the home were similar to rates among men married to housewives (15.1 vs. 16.1%, respectively). However, men married to women employed in white-collar jobs were over three times more likely to develop heart disease than those married to clerical workers, blue-collar workers, or to housewives (RR = 4.0, 5.4, and 2.9, respectively; p less than or equal to 0.004). The increased risk in husbands married to women educated beyond the high school level was observed only among men married to women employed outside the home. These effects were apparent regardless of the husband's social status or standard coronary risk factors. Further exploration of these associations revealed that higher-educated working wives whose husbands developed coronary heart disease were significantly more likely to have had a nonsupportive boss and fewer job promotions than wives of noncases.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2026

Spatial concordance metrics and related risk factors of brain-peripheral barrier axes: unveiling distinct concordance patterns for mental and neurological axes.

Numerous studies have documented bidirectional interactions between the central nervous system and barrier organs (skin, gut, and lung). While genome-wide association studies have revealed shared genetic factors across brain-peripheral barrier axes, investigating these connections from an environmental perspective in large populations remains difficult. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023, I extracted annual incidence rates for 56 diseases related to brain-peripheral barrier axes and exposure rates for the 70 most detailed risk factors across 204 countries and territories. By categorizing regional incidence rates into four quartiles for each disease, I pinpointed regions with concordance of these axes and constructed a spatial atlas of disease concordance within the brain-peripheral barrier axis from a macro-epidemiologic view. Subsequently, I calculated global spatial concordance percentages for each axis, which allowed the comparatively assessment of concordance patterns across different axes, specific diseases, and their variations over time, across the lifespan, and by gender. Finally, I applied machine learning models and Shapley additive explanations to identify risk factors related to the spatial concordance of each axis. From 1990 to 2023, the overall trend for most brain-peripheral barrier axis pairs remained stable. Spatial concordance patterns showed dynamic fluctuations across the lifespan, followed by a convergence toward stability in older age. Several risk factors are related to most brain-peripheral barrier axes. Notably, the mental and neurological axes exhibited distinct concordance patterns. Compared with neurological axes, concordance within mental axes showed a broader and more dispersed geographic distribution, with greater variation across sexes and over time. Furthermore, concordance percentages of mental and neurological axes exhibited opposing age-related trends, contrasting disease spectra for peripheral conditions, and inverse relationships with alcohol and sodium consumption. Those divergences suggest distinct mechanisms underlying the brain-peripheral barrier axes in mental and neurological diseases. Related risk factors offer population-based hypotheses for further investigation in individual-level studies.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

BmCbZ, an insect-specific factor featuring a composite DNA-binding domain, interacts with BmC/EBPgamma.

A novel factor featuring a composite AT hook/basic region-leucine zipper DNA-binding domain was isolated from Bombyx mori follicular cells. Screening of EST databases derived from a variety of metazoans revealed the exclusive presence of BmCbZ homologues in insect species. BmCbZ characteristic features and gene organization are discussed, in comparison to other known bZIP factors. We concordantly propose that this factor establishes a new insect-specific bZIP family. We further present the isolation of the silkmoth homologue of mammalian C/EBPgamma, BmC/EBPgamma, and in vitro evidence for its interaction with BmCbZ. The formation of a BmCbZ-BmC/EBPgamma heterodimer is a prerequisite for binding to specific C/EBP recognition sites on chorion gene promoters, most probably via both major and minor groove interactions.

AT-Hook Motifs↗
PubMed1992

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of human factor VII based upon a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the native conformation of the protein.

An enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was developed for measuring human factor VII antigen using two monoclonal antibodies, one of them reacting only with fully carboxylated factor VII. This assay permits to measure factor VII antigen in concentrations ranging from 0.78 to 100 ng/ml, with within- and between-assay coefficients of variation of less than 7%. In 53 normal subjects, 32 patients with liver cirrhosis, 21 pregnant women and 53 patients on oral anticoagulant therapy the plasma levels of FVII antigen were very similar to those of factor VII coagulant activity measured with a bioassay. The ELISA also gave very similar values of factor VII antigen in plasma and in serum, and in plasma before and after exposure to cold, indicating that the assay is not affected by factor VII activation. In five of 8 patients with severe congenital deficiency of factor VII values of factor VII antigen were higher than those of factor VII activity. The close concordance of factor VII values obtained by ELISA and bioassay in the majority of plasmas, including those from patients on oral anticoagulant therapy, indicates that the assay measures native factor VII and can perhaps replace the bioassay systems in clinical conditions associated with normal or high levels of factor VII.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Patient-physician concordance: preferences, perceptions, and factors influencing the breast cancer surgical decision.

PURPOSE: This study explored patient preferences for involvement in the breast cancer treatment decision and concordance between patients' and physicians' views on decisional role. The impact of demographic and psychosocial characteristics on patients' decisional role was also examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Women with stage I or II breast cancer who were candidates for either mastectomy or lumpectomy were recruited from a university breast cancer treatment center. Patient interviews were obtained before meeting the surgical oncologist and again after the treatment decision was made but before surgical intervention. Clinician responses were obtained after the consultation. RESULTS: The 101 participants were generally white (97%), married (80%), and well-educated. They reported moderate levels of depression and anxiety but good social support and self-efficacy in communicating with their physician. Before the consultation, 47% of women reported a preference for shared decision making; afterwards, 61% felt they had primary responsibility for the decision. Only 38% of patients agreed with the physician's assessment of how the treatment decision was made. In regression analyses, higher education was significantly associated with patients' preferred level of control (P = .01). There was a trend toward women with greater self-efficacy desiring more active decisional roles (P = .08). Patient preference for decision making did not impact time in the patient-physician encounter, but more influence did increase satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Limited concordance between patient preference and patient perception and between patient and physician perception in how the treatment decision was made suggests the need for better communication between patient and clinician during a critical treatment encounter for breast cancer patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Factors involved in rejection of concordant xenografts in complement-deficient rats.

BACKGROUND: Factors that contribute to xenograft (Xg) rejection were investigated in complement C6-deficient (C-) PVG rats. METHODS: First and second hamster hearts were transplanted in C6-deficient and C6-sufficient PVG rats. Xenoantibody (XAb) formation, hemolytic C (CH50) activity and immunohistochemistry were studied. RESULTS: PVG C6-deficient rats rejected Xgs 3 days later than PVG C6-sufficient rats. Surprisingly, C activation participated in the rejection in PVG C- rats, as shown by partially recovered serum CH50 levels and deposition of C factors in the Xgs. As we found that cultured endothelial cells produced C6 in vitro, we hypothesized that Xg endothelial cells corrected the C6 defect in PVG C- rats. This was probably induced by IgM XAbs as: (1) it did not occur in immunosuppressed PVG C- rats in which XAb formation was prevented, and (2) transfer of IgM XAbs to naive, xenotransplanted PVG C- rats accelerated the recovery of CH50 and concomitantly Xg rejection. Thirty days after rejection of a first Xg, when no IgM XAbs or CH50 activity but high levels of IgG XAbs were detected in PVG C- rats, second Xgs underwent a hyperacute rejection. This time, complement was not involved, as no serum CH50 nor C deposition was found in the Xg. Instead, IgG antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was involved as: (1) IgG XAbs were deposited in the Xg and (2) hyperacute rejection was induced in naive PVG C- rats by transfer of IgG XAbs, and (3) this rejection was delayed to 5+/-3 days if the adoptive hosts were first irradiated. CONCLUSIONS: In the face of a defect of host C factors, IgM XAb may induce cells of the Xg to secrete C factors which may correct the C defect of the host. Even if activation of lytic C can be prevented, IgG XAb may still provoke an acute Xg rejection by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Reducing sickness absence from work due to low back pain: how well do intervention strategies match modifiable risk factors?

OBJECTIVE: To assess, from the review literature, the extent to which effective strategies for reducing work absence after acute low back pain (LBP) match empirical risk factors. METHODS: From 17 recent review articles (2000-2005), disability risk factors and interventions were cross-tabulated to assess levels of relative concordance. RESULTS: Potentially modifiable risk factors included 23 variables describing 3 workplace and 3 personal domains. Effective interventions included 25 strategies that were personal (physical or behavioral), engineering, or administrative in nature. There was a strong risk factor concordance for workplace technical and organizational interventions, graded activity exposure, and cognitive restructuring of pain beliefs. There was less risk factor concordance for exercise, back education, and RTW coordination. Few interventions focused on relieving emotional distress or improving job dissatisfaction, two well-supported risk factors. DISCUSSION: Gaps between the epidemiological and intervention research of back disability prevention could be reduced by testing mediators of intervention effects or by stratifying outcomes according to pre-intervention risk factors.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1975

Concordance for coronary risk factors among spouses.

Values for several coronary risk factors, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, uric acid, hemoglobin, weight, vitral capacity and cigarette smoking have been found to be similar among spouses in the Framingham Study. However, longitudinal analyses show that this spouse concordance does not increase over a twelve-year observation period, suggesting that it has arisen through the marriage of similar people rather than through the sharing of a common marital environment. Apparent conflicts between cross-sectional and longitudinal findings have been resolved by showing that spouses who were concordant at the begining of the study are more likely to survive to later exams, while discordant spouse pairs tend to be dissolved through the death of one of their members.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Spouse concordance of obesity, blood pressures and serum risk factors for atherosclerosis.

Familial aggregation of atherosclerotic risk factors is well known, however inter-spouse relation of the risk factors has remained controversial. As spouses are not blood-related, any risk factor relation probably does not reflect genetic factors, but the environmental factors to which the couple is exposed. Moreover, the effect of assortative marriage should be considered. The present study enrolled 97 married couples who attended a general health screening in 1993 in a mountain village of Japan. The screening was conducted between April and November at a single outpatient clinic in the village. Data on weight, height, blood pressure (BP), serum risk factors for atherosclerosis and marriage year were obtained as part of the screening programme. They were divided into three groups according to marital duration. The simple correlation coefficients for systolic/diastolic BP between the spouses were 0.22/0.19. The coefficients declined to 0.05/0.08 after controlling. The correlation coefficients for serum lipoproteins were low and between -0.06 and 0.11 after controlling. The correlation coefficients for blood sugar were -0.05 and -0.13 after controlling. In subgroup analyses stratified by marital duration, the correlation coefficients for BP, body mass index (BMI) and blood sugar were increased in both the short and long marital duration groups. The correlation coefficients for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides increased with longer marital duration. Although a larger population study will be needed to confirm these findings, these results suggest the presence of interspouse correlation and reflect the influence of assortative marriage and environmental factors on spouse concordance.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concordant expression of tissue factor and class II MHC antigens in human placental endothelium.

Villitis of unestablished etiology is a placental lesion frequently associated with high risk pregnancies: it is also found in placentae from normal term pregnancies. The etiology of the lesion is unknown. Vasculitis and thrombosis have been described in villitis areas of placentae from normal and high risk pregnancies. We asked if fetal stem vessel endothelium in villitis lesions expresses MHC class II antigens, and if this is associated with a thrombogenic activity of these vessels. We found that endothelium of fetal stem vessels in villitis areas was usually MHC class II (HLA-DR, DP and DQ) reactive. Reactivity of fetal stem vessel endothelium for MHC class II antigens was associated with the presence of tissue factor reactivity and the absence of thrombomodulin reactivity. These changes on endothelial plasma membranes can promote intravascular coagulation, ischemic necrosis, vasculitis and other histological changes characteristic of villitis.

Chorionic Villi↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors contributing to poor concordance in health care.

Nurses may expect patients to follow advice but they do not always do so. This is called non-concordance or non-compliance. Nurses are in a prime position to support and develop a model of communication where patients are asked about the extent to which they want to play a part in decision-making about their health.

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed2003

Prognostic factors in chronic myeloid leukemia: allografting.

Risk assessment for allografting differs from that for conventional therapy mainly because the transplant intervenes far from initial diagnosis and generates a new source of morbidity and mortality, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Major well-defined pre-, peri- and post-transplant risk factors influence two endpoints: transplant-related mortality (TRM) and relapse incidence (RI), which in turn determine the principal outcomes-leukemia-free survival (LFS) and survival. Some factors have concordant effects on both endpoints, like disease stage. Other risk factors have divergent effects: histocompatibility, intensity of conditioning, or GvHD prevention. The impact of risk factors with divergent effects differs in various time periods post-transplant. The main pretransplant factors are disease stage, patient age and sex, donor-recipient sex combination, histocompatibility, and time from diagnosis to transplant. The primary peritransplant factors are the intensity of conditioning and of GvHD prevention. The main post-transplant factor is severity of acute and chronic GvHD. Determination of the risk profile for an individual patient is reliable and should form an integral part of pretransplant counseling. The management strategies for patients with high-risk disease and low TRM risk profiles and for patients with low-risk disease and high TRM risk profiles should be different.

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation↗
PubMed2000

Analytical evaluation of primer engineered multiplex polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for detection of factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A.

Factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A are clinically relevant genetic risk factors for venous thrombosis. Analysis for both mutations is increasingly being performed on patients exhibiting hypercoagulability. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the performance of primer-engineered multiplex polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for the simultaneous detection of factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A. Primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP methods for the detection of factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A from the medical literature were reviewed. A modified method was optimized in which both mutations generate HindIII RFLPs and the prothrombin amplicon contains an invariant HindIII recognition site to assess the completeness of endonuclease digestion. Digested amplification products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis in a single gel lane and visualized by ethidium bromide. Primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP was used to analyze 205 human genomic DNA samples whose factor V Leiden genotypes had been previously determined by MnlI PCR-RFLP. Complete concordance for factor V Leiden genotypes was observed between the two methods in the 205-sample cohort comprising 139 wild-type, 62 heterozygous mutant, and four homozygous mutant individuals. For prothrombin G20210A, primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP identified 196 wild-type and nine heterozygous mutant individuals in the 205-sample cohort. To independently verify prothrombin genotypes, the nine heterozygous mutants and an additional 11 wild-type patient samples (representing 10% of patient samples) were subjected to DNA sequencing. Complete concordance was observed between DNA sequencing and primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP results. In further validation, 123 of the DNA samples consisting of four heterozygous mutant and 119 wild type individuals were genotyped with the Invader Assay for Factor II (prothrombin G20210A). Results showed 100% concordance between the Invader Assay and primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP. A primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP based on single restriction endonuclease digestion has been evaluated and shown to simultaneously and accurately detect factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutations. The method is robust and readily adaptable to the clinical molecular diagnostic laboratory.

Amino Acid Substitution↗
PubMed1989

Insulin-like growth factor I receptor gene is concordant with c-Fes protooncogene and mouse chromosome 7 in somatic cell hybrids.

The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) mediates the actions of pituitary growth hormone in a variety of tissues. Its receptor (IGF1R) displays considerable structural similarity to the insulin receptor. In humans, the IGF1R gene has been mapped near FES, the cellular counterpart of the feline sarcoma virus transforming gene v-fes, at the q25-q26 region of human chromosome 15 (HSA15). Here, we report the mapping of mouse Igf1r to mouse chromosome 7 (MMU7) by somatic cell hybrid analysis. This result, along with the prior assignment of the loci for mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase and FES to human chromosome 15 and mouse chromosome 7, suggest a conserved autosomal synteny group on the distal long arm of HSA15 and in the center of MMU7.

Animals↗