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Results for “Contraception Continuation--statistics”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Breast cancer risk and oral contraceptive use: results from a large case-control study.

The association between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk was examined using data from a case-control study of breast cancer in Long Island, New York. Cases were defined as female residents of Nassau and Suffolk Counties between the ages of 20 and 79, diagnosed with breast cancer between January 1, 1984 and December 31, 1986. Age- and county-matched controls were selected from driver's license files. Among all women under age 70 at diagnosis, there was no association between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer; there was, however, a positive association in the subgroup ages 20-49 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.16-2.42). Risk increased with increasing duration of use, but did not differ between women who first used oral contraceptives before the first pregnancy and those who first used them later, or between women who first used oral contraceptives before age 25 and those who first used them at a later age. Risk also appeared to increase with number of years of use before the first pregnancy or before age 25, although numbers were small. History of benign breast disease did not influence risk. The association of breast cancer risk with oral contraceptive use appeared stronger in women from Suffolk County than Nassau County.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Vaginal bleeding disturbances associated with the discontinuation of long-acting injectable contraceptives. From the World Health Organization Special Programme for Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction; Task Force on Long-acting Systemic Agents for the Regulation of Fertility.

A randomized comparative trial of 832 women receiving norethisterone oenanthate (NET-OEN) and 846 women receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injections at 12 week intervals was conducted in 10 centers. The pregnancy rate with NET-OEN was significantly higher than with DMPA. The termination rate for amenorrhoea was substantially lowe with NET-OEN than DMPA, whereas the discontinuation rates for bleeding problems were similar with the two drugs. Analysis of bleeding patterns among continuing and discontinuing users suggests that women tolerated frequent bleeding episodes, but found prolonged bleeding or prolonged bleeding-free intervals unacceptable. Bleeding for more than 30 days during an injection interval and complete amenorrhoea for a whole injection interval were jointly associated with 43.7% of all terminations among NET-OEN users and 64.5% of all terminations among DMPA users. In future efforts to improve the acceptability of long-acting injectable contraceptives, more attention should be given to the control of prolonged amenorrhoea and prolonged bleeding.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1977

Contraceptive use effectiveness in Indonesia.

A brief review of recently tabulated contraceptive continuation and pregnancy rates for Java-Bali and their constituent provinces. It was found that IUD continuation rates are higher than those for either pill or condom although considerable variation occurs between provinces. East Java and Bali seem to be recording the most success in use-continuation, while the urban areas of Jakarta and Yogyakarta are having the least success. With respect to age and parity, the older, higher parity acceptors tend to use for longer periods of time irrespective of method used. Similarly, age and parity do not seem to affect the relationship between pill, IUD, and condom continuation rates. Examining reasons for termination, we find pill acceptors more likely to terminate for physical, emotional, or health reasons than either IUD or condom acceptors. When broken down by age and parity, the low age and parity groups show a much greater likelihood of termination in order to have an additional child.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

A multicenter randomized comparative investigation of ML Cu250, TCu-220C and Cu7 IUDs.

The final analysis of 1725 interval insertions of the 3 IUDs is presented. The earlier observations were confirmed at: at 24 months, no significant differences were found between the TCu-220C and ML Cu250 IUDs though the TCu-220C had a lower gross pregnancy rate (2.0 versus 2.9) and the ML Cu250 had a lower expulsion rate (2.3 versus 4.1). Expulsions were more common with the Cu7 when compared to the ML Cu250 (p 0.001) and T-220C (p 0.01); pregnancy rates were also higher with p values of 0.05 and 0.01 respectively. Other use-related terminations were not significantly different among the 3 IUDs and continuation rates at 24 months were: Cu7, 69, TCu-220C, 73, and ML Cu250, 74.

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1985

Barrier contraception in the teenager: a comparison of four methods in adolescent girls.

The use-effectiveness and continuation rates of 4 methods of contraception were studied during a 2 year follow-up period in a group of 405 teenage girls. Results were compared in 2 groups of adolescents, 1 of highly motivated, high socioeconomic status girls (A) and 1 of poorly motivated, low socioeconomic status adolescent clinic patients (B). The method of contraception was selected by the girls, who were instructed in their proper use. Results showed good rates of continuation among girls of the 1st group as compared to those of the 2nd group. Pregnancy rates after 24 months of use, as calculated by Pearl's formula, was 3.6 and 5.4 respectively with the use of a condom, and 5.8 and 10.8 when the diaphragm was used. When using vaginal foam alone, the rates were 4.2 and 12.3 and with the rhythm method, 8.5 and 13.1. The foam-alone method was unpopular in both groups. No serious side effects or complications were recorded. The study demostrated a reasonable acceptability and use-effectiveness for barrier contraceptives. It is suggested that these harmless and complication-free methods, especially the condom and diaphragm, may be reasonable alternatives for the more modern methods in teens of all socioeconomic strata; an effort must be made to educate and instruct the poorly motivated and encourage them to present themselves for regular follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Observations on family planning acceptors in Papua New Guinea.

The continuation contraceptive practise of 3,293 I.U.D., 1985 pill and 749 depo-provera acceptors was analysed by a survey of family planning records. The proportions of grand multiporae were 40.3%, 24.2% and 40.4% in the three groups. Pap smears were taken in from 12 to 38.5% of acceptors and the proportions of pathological smears varied from 8.9 to 13.3%. The percentages of acceptors who attended only once more were 11% (I.U.D.), 18.1% (pill) and 25.1% (d-p.), Pregnancy rates were for the I.U.D., 1.7 per Hundred Woman Years, for the 2.1 per H.W.Y. and for d-p, 0.4, per H.W.Y. Temporary interruptions of the contraceptive methods were common with the pill and d-p. In the long run the I.U.D. is superior to the other temporary methods of contraceptives. Continuation rates with the I.U.D. were 89.9% after one year and 70.9% after five years (similar rates for the pill were 55% and 16.5% and for d-p 50.5% and 10.3%). The importance of a proper pelvic examination and the need to have all methods available for any individual receiving contraceptives are emphasized in the discussion. Tubal ligations should always be considered as an alternative to the temporary methods of contraceptives in ground multiporae and others at special risk from further pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

International experience with NORPLANT and NORPLANT-2 contraceptives.

Experience encompassing more than 20,000 woman-years of use of NORPLANT capsules and 6,000 woman-years of trials of NORPLANT-2 rods is reviewed. Implant contraception repeatedly has been associated with low pregnancy rates and high continuation rates through five full years of use. Weight has proved to be a factor related to effectiveness. Women weighing less than 50 kg experienced cumulative five-year pregnancy rates well below 1 per 100, whereas the overall cumulative rate has been 3.5 per 100. Medical events reported during use that have led to discontinuation are analyzed from four large data sets.

Body Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Noncompliance among oral contraceptive acceptors in rural Bangladesh.

The levels of noncompliance among 175 oral contraceptive acceptors in a rural area of Bangladesh were monitored for three to four months. Unexpectedly high levels of noncompliance were observed, including both overconsumption and underconsumption of oral contraceptive pills. Although the study was designed to investigate only the levels of noncompliance and not the causes and consequences of noncompliance, some useful indications of the factors associated with noncompliance were obtained. The results indicate that noncompliance is a significant factor in family planning programs and, as such, warrants further in-depth investigation.

Bangladesh↗