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PubMed1981

Clinical experience with Progestasert beyond one year of use.

A total of 254 women were enrolled in the study of the intrauterine progesterone system, Progestasert, and some of the subjects have been followed into the 8th year of use of the device. Clinical experience on 192 women in their 1st year of use of the device was reported in 1977. This follow-up study reports on 110 patients who had at least 2 insertions of the Progestasert for continuous use of 13 months, to a maximum of 8 insertions for continuous use of up to 86 months, for a total of 3808 months. 60% of subjects were nulliparous women who tolerated the device as well as the multiparous. The expulsion rate was low (3.5/100 women-years) noting that 82% of expulsions occurred within 2 months postinsertion or exchange of the device. A total of 7 pregnancies were observed; the pregnancy rate was 2.2/100 women-years. 2 of these 7 pregnancies were ectopic. No uterine or cervical perforations and no serious infections were observed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Fincoid--a new copper IUD: a preliminary report.

Fincoid, a new copper IUD, was tested on a single clinic basis in a preliminary series of 956 1st insertions and 10,015 woman-months of use with an individual follow-up of 12 months. 458 (48%) of the women were nulliparous and 498 (52%) were parous. About 1/3 of the women had previously discontinued the use of other types of IUDs (mostly copper) because of side effects. The 1st segment of net cumulative rates for the whole series were: pregnancy 1.1, expulsion 4.7, removal for bleeding and/or pain 7.6 and removal for infection 0.8. The continuation rate was 78.9 and the percentage lost to follow-up was 2.8%. The parous group had a higher continuation rate (81) than the nulliparous group (76). Rates for pregnancy, expulsion, and infection in the nulliparous group were about 2-fold the corresponding rates of the parous group. There was no difference in the removal rate for bleeding and/or pain between the 2 parity groups. The results of the study show that the Fincoid is a valid method of intrauterine contraception.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contraceptive choice in Lagos, Nigeria.

Among 1266 contraceptive acceptors (median age 30 years, median parity 4.5) attending a family planning clinic, mostly after referral from the post-natal clinic, two thirds chose the intrauterine device, almost all the remainder choosing oral contraception. Oral contraception was, however, the main choice among women parity 0 or 1. A definite intention to have no more children was given by none of the women of parity 3 or under, and only by 15% of those of parity 8 or more, so that child spacing was the main reason for accepting contraception. By 12 months, the discontinuation rate among oral contraceptive users was 17% (IUD 11%) of which 11% (IUD 6%) was for personal reasons or to plan pregnancy, 4% (IUD 5%) through adverse effects and 0.6% (IUD 0.8%) through accidental pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

WHO special programme of research, development and research training in human reproduction. Task force on long-acting agents for the regulation of fertility.

A multicentre phase III clinical trial has been undertaken to compare norethisterone enantate (NET-EN) given by two different treatment regimens and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). After 18 months of observation, preliminary findings are reported for 1,589 women who received DMPA 150mg every 90 days; 790 women who received NET-EN 200mg every 60 days; and 796 women who received NET-EN, 200mg every 60 days for 6 months, then 200mg every 84 days. The overall discontinuation rates per 100 women were similar for all three treatment groups over the 18 months observation (61.8 - 63.5 per 100 women). The discontinuation rates for bleeding problems and for personal reasons were also similar for all three treatment groups. However, terminations due to amenorrhoea were significantly higher among DMPA users (12.1 and 17.4 per 100 women at 12 and 18 months) as compared with both NET-EN groups (6.8 - 8.2 per 100 women at 12 months and 10.4 - 10.9 per 100 women at 18 months). The only significant difference in pregnancy rates observed between the three groups was a higher rate at 18 months among NET-EN (84 days) users (1.6 per 100 women), as compared with DMPA users (0.2 per 100 women). There was no overall significant difference between the two NET-EN groups, although between the 6 and 18 month's follow-up when the two NET-EN regimens diverged, the NET-EN (84 days) users' pregnancy rate rose significantly, whereas in the NET-EN (60 days) group the pregnancy rate did not change. There was a significantly higher weight gain in those subjects using NET-EN at 60-day intervals compared with those using it at 84-day intervals.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The availability and accessibility of the contraceptive implant from family planning agencies in the United States, 1991-1992.

During the first year and a half after the hormonal contraceptive implant became available in February 1991, an estimated 81,100 women obtained this method from family planning agencies in the United States. Nevertheless, according to a recent survey of family planning providers, implant availability through the family planning clinic system is still far from universal. By September 30, 1992, only 40% of all family planning agencies were offering implant services to their clients: That proportion ranged from 30% of health department family planning providers to 80% of Planned Parenthood affiliates. Some of the key reasons cited by agencies that do not yet provide implants include the special clinician training required to learn insertion and removal procedures, and the cost of the method. Furthermore, full accessibility of this method to low-income women attending family planning clinics has been limited primarily to those who receive Medicaid, which has paid for more than 60% of all hormonal implants inserted by family planning agencies.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗