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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Properties of chicken cardiac dystrophin.

We investigated the presence of dystrophin by immunoblot and immunofluorescence analyses, negative staining, rotatory shadowing and immunogold electron microscopy in chicken cardiac muscle. Saponin was found to be better than Triton X-100 for providing a new 'dystrophin-enriched' solution for use in biochemical studies of the molecule. By Western blot analysis, only a 400-kDa band was revealed with polyclonal antibodies directed against a central region (residues 1178-1723) of the dystrophin molecule and no cross-reactions with other proteins or degraded products were observed. Specific cleavage of the dystrophin molecule showed that the central rod-shaped domain corresponded to a resistant 'core'. This structure might rigidify the protein. By immunofluorescence, dystrophin was localized at the periphery of cardiac ventricular cells. The molecule was examined by electron microscopy and found to have variable lengths (140-160 nm for the monomeric from and about 260 +/- 10 nm or more for oligomeric forms). These oligomeric structures are considered to be associated molecules which are only partially overlapped lengthwise. The precise distribution of dystrophin within the cardiac muscle was determined by visualisation of gold particles in immuno-electron microscopy. Gold particles were found on the sarcolemma with no evidence of any association with cytoplasmic structures. The present data provide further details on the cardiac dystrophin molecule and suggest that its capacity of self-association may elasticize the dystrophin dimer.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Comparative study of introital sonography and the urethrocystogram in women before and after surgery for stress incontinence].

In a prospective study of sonographic and radiographic methodologies we compared morphologic bladder data in 30 patients before and after stress incontinence surgery. 18 women were subject to colposuspension according to Burch due to recurrent stress incontinence, 12 women underwent anterior colporrhaphy. Visualisation of bladder, urethra and beta-angle was adequate with both methods. The good visualisation of the anatomical and functional situation of the vesico-urethral area is a major benefit of introital sonography.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Super-paramagnetic iron oxide: an MRI contrast media for the reticuloendothelial system].

In this preliminary study, the authors studies MR imaging in four patients with malignant hepatic tumours before and after intravenous injection of 20 mumols/kg of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SIO). They obtained spin-echo sequences (SE 500/28/4, SE 2 000/28, 56/2) before and after injection and systematically compared the results with ultrasonography and computed tomography data. In every case, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SIO) resulted in a marked decrease in T2 and consequently in the signal of healthy hepatic and splenic tissue, considerably improving the visualisation of malignant lesions which remained unchanged. If the detectability of lesions is considered to depend on the contrast obtained between tumours and healthy tissue, these preliminary results are very promising.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

Biofeedback defaecation training for anismus.

Anismus, paradoxical external sphincter function, spastic pelvic floor syndrome, rectoanal dysnergia, abdomino-levator incoordination for abdominopelvic asychronism, are all due to paradoxical contraction of the striated sphincter apparatus during voiding and is characterised by prolonged and excessive straining at stool. Biofeedback is the treatment of choice and has to be introduced at an early stage. We present the results of an ambulatory approach based on the integration of simulated balloon defaecation with small (50 ml) as well as constant rectal sensation volume, defaecometry and anal manometry. The pathophysiology visualised by the patient's own anorectal pressure recordings on the screen of a personal computer is explained and corrected. Sixteen patients were treated and followed for at least 1 year. Manometric data were normal except for an increased minimum residual pressure and rectal compliance. Nine patients could not evacuate a 50 ml bolus initially. Simulated defaecation became possible in seven out of these nine patients when the bolus was increased up to the individual constant rectal sensation volume. Two patients could not evacuate this volume either, while defaecation was made much less laborious in the other seven patients. Paradoxical contraction was immediately corrected in 7/16 cases. Also, as an immediate, objective benefit of a single training session, improved defaecation of a 50 ml bolus was observed in 11 patients. This effect was preserved after 6 weeks in nine cases; symptomatic recurrence did not occur in these patients during follow-up. This method of defaecation training has many advantages as compared with sphincter training using EMG electrodes eventually performed in the absence of a desire to defaecate or in lying position.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[The detailed imaging of vessels in MR angiography via projections from irregularly restricted data sets].

A new method for postprocessing of three dimensional magnetic resonance angiography data sets is described. Two operations are performed with the data set prior to maximum intensity projection. First, an irregular part of interest is marked interactively within the data set. By restricting the projection algorithm to this region, a disturbing overlay by vessels of other regions is avoided. Secondly, a three dimensional interpolation of the original data set is performed. While the spatial resolution of vessel representation is unchanged, the quality of the maximum intensity projection is improved significantly. The diagnostic value of this method is demonstrated by visualisation of a carotid aneurysm and of the deep and superficial cerebral veins.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1989

[Prevention of radiation injuries of the small intestine with pelvic exclusion by polyglactin 910 mesh. Contribution to gynecologic and digestive cancer surgery].

Used in 13 cases of advanced gynecological and gastrointestinal carcinoma, pelvic exclusion using a suspension of the small intestine above the pelvis using absorbable material. The low-level of morbidity, value in dosimetric estimation, perfect feasibility and low cost of this technique should lead to its more widespread use whilst strictly respecting its indications. Nuclear magnetic resonance has been found to be a particularity novel and valuable method of post-operative investigation in visualisation and assessment of resorption of the polyglactine 910 trellis. Results in this series are analyzed at the end of a 5 to 14 month follow-up period and compared with data from experimental and clinical studies in the recent world literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Development of glycine receptor alpha subunit in cultivated rat spinal neurons: an immunocytochemical study.

Ontogenesis of the inhibitory glycine receptor was studied up to 12 days in vitro in spinal neurons placed previously in culture at embryonic day 14. The alpha subunit of the receptor was detected using standard and confocal immunofluorescence and a specific monoclonal antibody. The immunostaining was compared to that of synaptophysin, a synaptic vesicle antigen, which was taken as an index of synaptic maturity. Glycine receptors could be detected intracellularly, and not at the cellular surface in some cells as early as 2-3 days in vitro (DIV) prior to any synaptic contact. At 4-5 DIV, the number of cells which expressed the immunoreactivity and the fluorescence intensity increased. At this stage, spherical fluorescent blobs started to migrate in the neurites. From 6 DIV, the glycine receptor alpha subunit was detected at the neuronal surface and was organized in clusters whose number increased progressively with time. From 7 DIV, the intrasomatic immunoreactivity decreased, and at day 12, the pattern of labelling was similar to that observed in the adult spinal cord. A diffuse presence of the receptor at the surface of neurons could never be visualised, and when detected, the glycine receptors were always clustered. Thus, the increasing expression of clusters of glycine receptors at the neuronal surface was paralleled by that of synaptophysin in neuritic varicosities. These data suggest that transport of glycine receptors to the plasmamembrane and the formation of aggregates occurs simultaneously to synaptogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Substraction in gastrointestinal angiography (author's transl)].

On the basis of a comparative study of 100 angiograms, the authors stress the value of photographic substraction in gastrointestinal angiography. From a technical viewpoint, after a brief review of the theoretical background, the authors emphasise the need to use reproductions of different tonality, and the problems of blurring due to movement, which may be overcome by the use of an effective premedication (diazepam) and by limiting the substraction to a very limited arca. From the standpoint of results, photographic substraction gives improved radiological data in the arterial phase in 60% of cases. This improvement concerns the prevertebral vessels. During the venous phase, in all cases there is an improvement in mesenterico-portal return and the visualisation of oesophageal varices. In all, photographic substraction, a simple technique, appears to be of value in gastrointestinal angiography essentially in the arteriographic study of the pancreas and of spleno-portal and mesenterico-portal venous return.

Angiography↗

PubMed1990

Autoradiographic localisation of NMDA, quisqualate and kainic acid receptors in human spinal cord.

The phencyclidine (PCP) binding site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, the kainic acid (KA) receptor and the quisqualate (QA) receptor were visualised, using autoradiography in the human spinal cord and the distributions compared with that of benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptors and substance P (SP). All of the receptor types, and SP, were concentrated in lamina II of the dorsal horn, consistent with physiological data indicating that glutamate is a neurotransmitter of primary afferent terminals in the spinal cord.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Radiological and statistical determination of the morphological type of the canine skull: dolichocephaly, mesocephaly and brachycephaly].

Cranio-encephalic morphology of three breeds of dogs (Greyhound, Pointer and Pekinese at the rate of 10 subjects, 5 males and 5 females, in each one) has been radiologically observed. Radiographic negatives in dorso-ventral and latero-lateral positions were taken and analyzed before and after the visualisation of the encephalic cavity using barium sulfate. 18 cranio-encephalic measurements were chosen and interpreted statistically. The results showed that certain variables were more closely correlated with morphologic types of the cranium than others. We discuss the validity of the data applied for clinical diagnostic or osteo-archeology determinations.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Sodium nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of acute cardiac rejection in heterotopic heart transplantation.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was used to measure tissue sodium-23 in the myocardium undergoing cardiac rejection. In six dogs, the donor heart was heterotopically transplanted into the recipient's chest cavity. The dogs were then killed and sodium-23 images of the excised hearts were obtained using a high field (1.5 Tesla) NMR imaging system. Proton NMR imaging of each excised heart was also performed and T1, T2 relaxation times were calculated. Subsequently, these data were correlated with pathological findings of mild, moderate and severe rejection. The correlation coefficients between the rejection score and the T1, T2 relaxation times and sodium NMR signal intensity were 0.79, 0.70 and 0.84, respectively. Severely rejected areas of the myocardium were visualised by increased sodium NMR signals. These findings suggest that an increase of sodium NMR intensity is mainly caused by an increase of intracellular sodium content due to irreversible myocardial necrosis. Sodium NMR allows evaluation of the location and extent of rejection of myocardium after heart transplantation.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

A computer program for topographic analysis of biomolecular systems.

This program essentially generates a picture of a space filling molecular model. By precise simulation of the intersections between atoms, leaving out the 'hidden line', a good perspective is produced. Additional three dimensional information is provided by simulating reflection spots on the surface. This program has been used to visualise three dimensional surface features of biologically important molecules (e.g., valinomycin). With slight modification the program can be used to visualise enzyme active sites and receptor surfaces. It can also be used to create animated motion pictures of molecular dynamics.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1991

Computer simulation of the heart magnetic field dynamics.

A personal-computer based model, which enables the investigation of the correlation between the temporal dynamics of the magnetic field distribution and electrophysiological processes during ventricular depolarisation, has been tested. The activation sequence following a stimulus to the atrioventricular node or directly to the ventricular myocardium can be simulated in isotropic conditions and visualised in a three-dimensional presentation. The corresponding behaviour of the distribution of the normal component of the magnetic field is calculated using a simple algorithm. Colour animation is used to observe the simulated magnetic field dynamics and to compare them with measured data.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMed1991

[The value of electronic axiography in clinical functional diagnosis].

Recent years have brought an increasing number of electronic jaw-tracking devices for instrumental analysis on the market. However sophisticated they may be, their diagnostic value for temporomandibular diseases is not well supported by scientific evidence. On the other hand, "manual examination"--a very refined diagnostic means acknowledged by orthopedians and adapted to the properties of the TMJ--yields a more reliable diagnosis which fits well to MRT data. We were hereby solicited to compare the information gained by jaw-tracking and manual examination. It was found that the recorded condylar movements gave no additional, diagnostically relevant insight that went beyond the manual examination. Nevertheless, the accuracy of jaw-tracking, with regard to the visualisation of internal derangements of the TMJ, was enhanced by the techniques of manual examination.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Should adrenalectomy be performed systematically as part of radical nephrectomy for renal cancer? Review of 119 cases].

Systematic histological examination of 119 operative specimens of radical nephrectomies performed for renal cell carcinoma revealed adrenal invasion in 6 cases (5.04%). Preoperative computed tomography visualised the adrenal lesions with a sensitivity of 100%. Adrenal involvement was due to either contiguous invasion (3 cases) or metastatic spread (3 cases). Other visceral or lymph node metastases were detected in every case. The mean survival of patients with an adrenal lesion was 16.5 months. These data and those reported in the literature suggest the value of systematic adrenalectomy as part of radical nephrectomy.

Adrenalectomy↗

PubMed1990

Improved subtraction technique in intravenous digital left ventriculography: comparison with radionuclide studies.

Adequate processing of left ventricular angiograms depends on the visualisation of all segments of the ventricular wall. At the same time, subtraction of different images can enhance different heart segments but commercially available methods do not allow simultaneous viewing of several images masked by different processes. Using our software, for each studied frame, a four quadrant display permits the simultaneous visualisation of a mask mode image, a diastolic-systolic difference image, an image obtained by subtraction of a frame at the same cycle time and a composite mask subtracted image. The composite mask image is obtained by weighting three images according to videodensitometric measurements by reference to previously acquired data. This method facilitates contour delineation and computation of the ejection fraction by area-length method. Correlation with radionuclide estimates of left ventricular ejection fraction is higher (n = 60, r = 0.90, SEE = 8%) than using the classical mask mode display (n = 60, r = 0.82, SEE = 11%). In a subgroup of 30 patients the contrast medium was injected in an antecubital vein and the correlation coefficient remained satisfactory (n = 30, r = 0.89, SEE = 7%) when compared with the classical subtraction technique (n = 30, r = 0.70, SEE = 12%). We therefore conclude that the composite mask method gives comparatively similar values for left ventricular ejection fraction to those acquired by radionuclide angiography.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗

PubMed1976

Electron microscope observations on the entry of avian infectious bronchitis virus into susceptible cells.

Infectious bronchitis virus was observed to enter cells of chicken chorioallantoic membrane by viropexis. There was no support for the suggestion that entry took place by fusion of viral and plasma membranes. The results of electron microscopy showed that virus attachment occurred both at 4 degrees and at 37 degrees C. Viropexis was not observed until the preparations were warmed. Similar results were obtained using chicken kidney cells. Quantitative data obtained from a plaque counting system employing chicken kidney cells indicated that attachment was the same at both temperatures and that some virus particles were taken up at 4 degrees C. Virus uptake was triggered by attachment of the virus to the cell membrane and the subsequent process of virus entry visualised by E. M. appeared to proceed without the involvement of lysosomal enzymes. No intracellular virus was located by electron microscopy in warmed preparations when virus was treated with specific antiserum, either before or after adsorption to the cells.

Adsorption↗

PubMed1989

Laparoscopic removal of translocated intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Data is presented regarding 20 translocated intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD). Successful laparoscopic removal was made in 13 (65%) cases though all these devices were Copper 'T' 200 model which tend to produce dense adhesions. Only when the IUCD was suspected to be partially or fully in the gut lumen or thick adhesions were present, or the device was not visualised, was laparotomy performed. Hence it is advocated that laparoscopy should be performed as a routine in patients with suspected translocated IUCD, as it obviates the need for laparotomy and thus decreases the duration of the hospital stay as well as preventing morbidity associated with laparotomy.

Adult↗