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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effect of ultrasonic instrumentation on the retention of simulated cast crowns.

The effect of ultrasonic instrumentation on the retention of cemented cast restorations was studied. Forces required to dislodge castings from specimen assemblies subjected to ultrasonic vibrations did not differ significantly from those required to cause failure of noninstrumented specimens. The results indicate that clinical application of the ultrasonic device would not affect adversely the retention of properly cemented and well fitting cast restorations.

Crowns↗
PubMed1979

Endocarditis involving a left ventricular apicoaortic valve-bearing conduit.

Fatal infectious endocarditis involving a left ventricular apicoaortic valve-bearing conduit occurred in a 20-year-old man. Risk factors included early postoperative wound infection, broad spectrum suppressive antibiotic administration, and inadequate dental prophylaxis against infectious indocarditis. Palliative therapy included intravenous antibiotic administration and removal of the conduit. Lessons learned are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Control of plaque by non-chemical means.

Bacterial plaque at the dento-gingival margin is always associated with gingivitis. Measures which keep the area free from plaque will maintain health or encourage healing of existing gingivitis. Scaling and polishing at 6-month intervals may be sufficient for those patients who practice near-perfect oral hygiene but it is not an effective way of promoting the resolution of established gingivitis. A change to effective oral hygiene measures by the patient is the major factor in resolving gingivitis, but the association with scaling and polishing provides the ideal combination. Toothbrushing may only clean the oral and facial aspects of the teeth so interdental cleaning is necessary where gingivitis is established. There is no clear evidence that any particular oral hygiene routine is better than any other for all patients. It is generally agreed that thoroughness is extremely important. There is a variety of ways of motivating patients to practice effective oral hygiene but all reports indicate that it is most likely to be effective on a person-to-person basis. Motivation itself is not enough and must be associated with education and instruction. Long-term failure is likely unless the message is reinforced at regular intervals.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1978

Effect of experimentally induced marginal periodontitis and periodontal scaling on the dental pulp.

Experimental breakdown of the periodontal attachment apparatus was produced in six young adult monkeys to study the effect on the tissue of the dental pulp by (1) periodontitis, (2) scaling and plaque accumulation on exposed root dentin. Periodontal tissue breakdown was induced by the placement of ligatures around the neck of 92 permanent teeth. Subsequent plaque formation caused marked loss of periodontal tissue support, which after a period of 5--7 months amounted to 30--40% of the root length. One group of teeth received no further treatment. Other teeth were subjected to scaling and root planing. Following treatment, plaque was allowed to accumulate for 2, 10, and 30 days on the freshly planed root dentin surfaces. Histologic examination revealed that in comparison to teeth with normal periodontal conditions, 57% of the teeth exposed to periodontitis exhibited pathologic pulp tissue alterations. Secondary dentin formation and/or inflammatory cell infiltrates were observed within localized areas of the pulp subjacent to root surfaces exposed to periodontal tissue destruction. The changes within the pulp were of "mild" nature and only one tooth displayed signs of total pulp necrosis. Lateral canals communicating with both the pulp cavity and the exposed root surface were never detected. Teeth subjected to scaling and subsequent plaque accumulation in comparison with teeth with periodontitis alone exhibited no obvious aggravation or increased incidence of pathologic pulp reactions. The findings show that in the monkey (1) periodontal destruction limited to the cervical half of the root and (2) plaque accumulation on exposed root dentin does not cause severe alteration in the pulp of the roots involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effect of tetracycline and/or scaling on human periodontal disease.

The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of scaling and root planing with or without adjunctive tetracycline therapy in the treatment of periodonitis in humans. The presence of plaque, gingival inflammation, probing depths and attachment levels was assessed for all teeth in 12 patients with chronic, advanced periodontitis. After an initial examination all patients were given detailed oral hygiene instructions. The teeth in one-half of each arch were then scaled and root planed. The teeth in the contralateral half were not treated. Six patients were given tetracycline (1 gm/day) during the first and second weeks and the seventh and eighth weeks of the trial. The study thus included four different treatment groups: 1) no treatment, 2) scaling and root planing alone, 3) tetracycline administration alone, and 4) scaling and root planing combined with tetracycline administration. All patients were reexamined at 8 and 25 weeks subsequent to the initiation of therapy. Both PlI and GI scores decreased significantly in all groups. The GI scores were significantly lower in the scaled and root planed areas as compared to the contralateral sides at both the 8- and 25-week examinations. The PlI score was lower in the scaled and root planed areas only at the 25-week interval. The gingival probing depths were reduced in all groups. A significantly greater decrease in probing depth, however, was noted in scaled and root planed areas. There was a trend to gain of attachment in the treated areas but the magnitude of the gain was very small. The findings of the trail also revealed that the administration of tetracycline had only a minor effect on the parameters examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Vascular morphology in noninflamed healed gingiva of dogs.

The objective of this study was to determine if the regular vascular network previously reported as occurring in noninflamed marginal gingiva would become re-established following plaque control and treatment of gingiva by gingivectomy and scaling. Gingivectomies were performed on dogs with and without pre-experimental gingivitis in order to obtain gingival specimens healed for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Plaque was controlled using toothbrushing and topical applications of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. After 12 weeks, the animals were perfused via the carotid arteries with glutaraldehyde and Microfil latex compound. Specimens were processed for either routine histology or examination of vascular morphology in methyl salicylate cleared tissues. The absence of inflammation in healed gingiva was evaluated clinically, using the Gingival and Plaque Indices, and histologically. Results showed that in healed clinically and histologically noninflamed gingiva, the vascular morphology was established as a series of looped vessels which could readily be distinguished from the regular network of vessels described by Hock (1975) in marginal gingiva that had neither been inflamed nor resected.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Bacterial endocarditis due to penicillin-resistant Streptococcus viridans.

Bacterial endocarditis remains a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic problem for clinicians. Streptococcus viridans still accounts for 45 to 50 per cent of all cases and between 5 to 10 per cent of all clinical isolates of Streptococcus viridans from patients with bacterial endocarditis may be relatively resistant to penicillin. The case of a 9-year-old child with Tetralogy of Fallot and a Waterston shunt who subsequently developed bacterial endocarditis due to penicillin-resistant Streptococcus viridans following failure of oral penicillin dental prophylaxis is presented. In the face of penicillin resistance, additional considerations for workup, including microbiological assays for antimicrobial synergism become necessary in the selection of a therapeutic regimen.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Sealant effectiveness for children receiving a combination of preventive methods in a fluoridated community: two-year results.

A series of preventive methods in combination have been used to reduce dental caries in children including dental health education, prophylaxes, pit and fissure sealants, topical application of fluoride and restorative care. Prophylaxes, sealant, and fluoride procedures are repeated every six months. Two-year results show reductions of occlusal caries increments of 74.3% for first graders and 77.1% for sixth graders. Sealant loss, as defined in this study, varied from 33% to 90% with the highest loss occurring in the newly erupted permanent molars during the first six months of the project. These high sealant loss rates are thought to be related to the age of the population which was designed to include children at the ages of peak eruption of permanent molar teeth (ages six and twelve). These teeth were often only minimally erupted and maintaining the dry field required for sealant retention was extremely difficult. However, in spite of these high rates of sealant loss, caries reduction on occlusal surfaces was highly significant in comparision to that of children who did not receive sealants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The sharpening of scaling instruments: I. An examination of principles.

The theory and practice of sharpening with particular emphasis upon dental scalers and periodontal curettes have been discussed in Part I of this series. Various cutting modes and edge characteristics are described together with the special requirements they present in sharpening. Different approaches to sharpening are examined. Stressed are the advantages of using powered rotary stones on the sides of the blade instead of the blade face in sharpening scalers and curettes. Part II will describe the sharpening procedure--materials and technique--used and preferred by the authors.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1977

The sharpening of scaling instruments: II. A preferred technique.

The authors' preferred procedure for sharpening scalers and curettes is described in detail; powered rotary stones are used in grinding the sides of the blade. Selected sharpening materials are discussed and evaluated and the control and removal of edge burrs are described. A regular sharpening schedule is recommended, both to simplify sharpening and to extend the useful life of the armamentarium.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1977

Subgingival scaling with root planing and curettage: effects upon gingival inflammation: a comparative study.

In a joint clinical and histological research, carried out in humans of both sexes, it was attempted to establish some of the differences between the effects of curettage and root planing as procedures to accomplish remission of gingival inflammation. In 10 patients, 210 teeth were treated (103 curetted and 98 root planed). Sixty useful samples and 2132 histological sections were obtained. Six different staining techniques were used to study the samples. Clinical and histological evaluations were made of the results obtained with both procedures.

Adult↗