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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Registration of drug-associated lesions of the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The problem of characterizing the health status of healthy subjects].

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Investigations with regard to toxic effects of drugs on the upper gastrointestinal tract depend on healthy volunteers with normal mucosal conditions. Because of the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection it is mandatory to exclude infected volunteers without abdominal history as early as possible. This study was to compare the power of non-invasive and invasive tests in the selection of volunteers without gastric disease. METHOD: 85 healthy volunteers (age 18-35 years) without abdominal history underwent both gastroduodenoscopy and specific tests for Helicobacter pylori infection (IgA- and IgG-antibodies, ureasetest, culture, HE-staining). In the case of pathological findings, the biopsies were performed without including the subjects into the study with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) (Diclofenac, CAS 15307-86-5). The invasive tests of volunteers, who were selected, were performed at the end of drug period, because biopsies would influence the outcome of a 7-day treatment with diclofenac RESULT: Initially 25/85 volunteers without any history of abdominal disease must be excluded. In 15 subjects there were abnormal concentrations of IgG- and/or IgA- antibodies against Helicobacter pylori. Endoscopically in 10 persons severe lesions were found (6 ulcer and/or erosions and/or reflux disease). In 18 subjects histologically the Helicobacter pylori infection was confirmed. At the end of the treatment period in 17/60 volunteers a positive Helicobacter pylori staining was found. Comparing five Helicobacter pylori tests there were no significant correlations between non-invasive and invasive procedures. CONCLUSION: The endoscopic investigation (gastroduodenoscopy) was the only valid method to differentiate between healthy volunteers and subjects with mucosal lesions. With regard to Helicobacter pylori infection neither the non-invasive nor the invasive tests were significantly correlated. Therefore, in investigations on the toxic effect of drugs the infection rate must be determined after treatment to prove the homogeneity of and between the groups. Most important is a subtile endoscopic technique which depends on high resolution video-endoscopes, chromoscopy as well as inter- and intra-observer variation procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Surgical policy in gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies].

66 patients (45 males and 21 females) who have swallowed 157 foreign bodies (fragments of wire, nails, needles, hafts of spoons, et were treated). If the objects were located in the stomach and the duodenum in the absence of complications endoscopic method of treatment was preferable, with the help of which 31 objects were successfully removed and the terms of treatment were significantly decreased. Conservative treatment (diet rich in fiber and protective substances, barium sulfate administration) resulted in elimination of 58 objects by vias naturals, 53 from which were not more that 8 cm long. Evacuation of the foreign bodies was carried out only during the first 3 weeks after the swallowing. Operative treatment was carried out in 21 patients, in whom 68 foreign bodies were extracted. An urgent operation in the first 6 hours in complications due to foreign bodies (perforation, incarceration, gastrointestinal bleeding) was carried out in 13 patients. An urgent operation in terms from 6 to 24 hours of hospitalization was carried out in 6 patients with large (more that 8 cm) swallowed objects, conglomerates and bunches of foreign bodies. Early removal of these objects prevented development of complications. Elective operation was carried out in failure of conservative treatment as was in 2 patients. No lethality was registered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Some indices of gastrointestinal tract status in children cured fro malignant neoplasms].

A total of 2255 individuals who cured from oncological diseases in childhood in Moscow in 1978 to 1997 have been studied. Most (60%) children undergone special treatment have serious visceral abnormalities. The authors examined the negative impact of a special treatment on the gastrointestinal mucosa and changes in its function after termination of special therapy in 79 cured patients. The most common diagnosed abnormalities included biliary dyskinesis (17-20%), dysbacterioris (16%), gastritis (7%). No abnormal gastrointestinal changes were detected in 37%.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of foreign body ingestion in children: experience with 42 cases.

Ingestion of foreign bodies occurs frequently in children, but there are no definite management guidelines. We reviewed 42 pediatric cases of accidental ingestion of foreign bodies with or without symptoms during the past 10 years. In decreasing order of frequency, the foreign bodies included: coins, sharp objects (needle, pin), bones (fish and chicken bone), metal object, food, seeds, plastic material, magnets, jewelry ring, and others. The majority of children were 5 years old or younger. At the time of presentation, the vast majority of objects were located in the esophagus. Sixty percent of the patients had symptoms, such as abdominal pain, vomiting and cough. Management included observation, esophagoscopy, panendoscopy, and laparotomy. Four patients (9.5%) had complications. One patient who ingested a magnet suffered from esophageal perforation with mediastinitis. Two had deep neck abscess due to esophageal penetration by bones. Another patient had hemorrhagic gastritis after swallowing a coin. All patients discharged after treatment, and none died.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The x-ray characteristics of the function of the upper digestive tract in nonspecific ulcerative colitis].

A roentgenological examination was carried out of the upper regions of the digestive canal in 52 patients with unspecific ulcerative colitis with a different extension of the pathological process in the colon. The obtained results were verified by means of fibrogastroduodenoscopy. Most of the examined patients revealed pathological changes in the stomach and duodenum that significantly deteriorate the course of the main disease. There was a direct dependence between the frequency of inflammatory lesions of the gastroduodenal zone and severity of the course of unspecific ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Foreign bodies, bezoars, and caustic ingestion.

Children, particularly infants, frequently put objects into their mouths, and occasionally these objects are swallowed. Fortunately, most foreign bodies are harmless and will pass spontaneously through the gastrointestinal tract. Some foreign bodies such as the rare bezoar or caustic substances, provide unique clinical challenges. This article provides guidelines for the management of such problems.

Bezoars↗
PubMed1999

Anticoagulant therapy, anti-platelet agents and gastrointestinal endoscopy.

BACKGROUND: The increasing use of anticoagulant therapy and anti-platelet agents in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and venous thromboembolic disease has increased the need for guidelines for managing these agents prior to gastrointestinal endoscopy, particularly if therapeutic manoeuvres are required. The continuation of anticoagulant therapy increases the risk of haemorrhagic complications of gastrointestinal endoscopy. Temporary suspension of anticoagulant therapy exposes the patient to the risk of thromboembolism associated with the underlying condition requiring anticoagulant treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This article reviews the literature and proposes guidelines for the management of patients taking anticoagulant and anti-platelet agents who require gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2005

Digestive endoscopy in neonates.

Since the introduction of flexible fiberoptic endoscopy in the early 1970s, esophagogastro-duodenoscopy and colonoscopy have become established procedures for the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of gastrointestinal tract disease in the pediatric population. The development of safe fiberoptic endoscopes specially designed for neonates has allowed visualization of lesions occurring in the first days of life. Despite an increased understanding of neonatal digestive disorders deriving from this new diagnostic modality, there is little consensus on the appropriate use of endoscopic procedures in routine care of neonates. It is the feeling of the authors that widening the indications of endoscopy in the neonatal period might lead to diagnosis of discrete clinical abnormalities, which might improve the care of neonates. The techniques for performing neonatal endoscopies, the appropriate indications, the common normal and pathologic findings and the complications of these procedures are reviewed.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1995

Prospective evaluation of gastrointestinal tract in patients with iron-deficiency anemia.

Gastrointestinal bleeding is believed to cause iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). The information concerning ideal evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract and exact findings in patients with IDA is scant. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate patients with IDA for gastrointestinal lesions potentially causing IDA at a US Army Teaching Medical Center with Gastroenterology Fellowship. Seventy patients with IDA had esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy, and if this evaluation was unremarkable, then small bowel biopsy was obtained at EGD to evaluate for celiac disease. Enteroclysis was done if endoscopic evaluation was negative. At endoscopy, at least one lesion potentially accounted for the IDA in 50 (71%) patients. At colonoscopy, 21 (30%) patients had 22 lesions (four colon cancer, seven adenoma > 1 cm, six vascular malformation, four severely bleeding hemorrhoids, one ileal Crohn's); at EGD, 39 (56%) patients had 43 lesions (11 gastric erosion, 10 esophagitis, four vascular malformation, four celiac disease, three gastric cancer, three gastric ulcer, three duodenal ulcer, two gastric polyp > 1 cm, one duodenal lymphoma, one esophageal cancer, and one duodenal Crohn's). Twelve (17%) patients had both upper and lower gastrointestinal tract lesions. Twenty-four of 32 (75%) patients with positive fecal occult blood test had potentially bleeding lesions compared to 24 of 38 (63%) patients with negative fecal occult blood test (P > 0.05). Six of nine patients with malignancy had positive fecal occult blood test. Twenty patients with normal endoscopy and small bowel biopsy had normal enteroclysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Use of spasmolytic agent otilonium bromide (spasmomen) in digestive endoscopy: a prospective study in 63 patients].

Otilonium bromide is a calcium antagonist with a direct myolytic effect, that is indicated in spastic conditions and functional dyskinesias of the gastroenteric apparatus (irritable bowel syndrome) and as a premedication for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. The present study assessed otilonium bromide 40 mg PO the night before and 40 mg PO the morning in 49 upper and 14 lower flexible endoscopies in 63 patients, to determine the presence or absence of peristalsis and relaxation of the pylorus. No side effects were observed due to the medication. In 46 (93.8%) upper endoscopies marked relaxation of the gastrointestinal tract and also pylorus relaxation were observed. In 13 (92.8%) lower endoscopies, marked relaxation of the colonic tract was also seen. All patients tolerated well the endoscopies. Otilonium bromide was useful as premedication in order to enable upper and lower endoscopic explorations, because of its spasmolytic effect.

Adolescent↗