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Results for “Epilepsy, Reflex”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Postoperative seizure outcome after corpus callosotomy in reflex epilepsy.

Flickering light and color patterns, reading, language, movement, decision making, eating, tapping and touching, hot water immersion and auditory stimulation can induce seizures in some epileptic patients. These are known as the "reflex epilepsies". The mechanism of reflex epilepsy is not clear. Recently, we performed anterior two-thirds corpus callosotomies in two reflex epilepsy patients (ages 12 and 14 years), with follow-up for more than three years. Patient 1 had Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with auditory-induced generalized atonic or tonic seizures (startle epilepsy), which decreased by 60% after callosotomy. Patient 2 had Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with somatosensory-induced generalized tonic seizures (tap epilepsy). He was seizure-free for one year immediately after callosotomy, but his seizures recurred with the same degree and frequency as before surgery. The nonsignificant postoperative seizure outcome suggests that the corpus callosum only plays a partial role in seizure generation. Our report also discusses the possible mechanisms of generation of reflex seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Reflex epilepsies: experience in Sri Lanka.

Reflex epilepsy (RE) is characterised by seizures that are regularly elicited by some specific stimulus or event mediated by neural pathways. In a prospective study of 1287 epileptic patients seen at Peradeniya, 223 (17.3%) were found to have RE, eating being the commonest stimulus (191 patients, 85.7%). Photosensitive epilepsy (PSE) was relatively rare. Intermittent photic stimulation on 874 unselected epileptic patients produced a positive photoconvulsive response in 60 (6.9%). None had photosensitive seizures, but 3 had a higher frequency of seizures while watching television. Eating epilepsy (EE) had the highest prevalence at Peradeniya (148/1000 epileptic patients). This group was male predominant, and the onset of epilepsy in most cases was in the second decade. The majority experienced partial complex seizures. Repetitive and chronic stimulation of the amygdala during eating is suggested as the mechanism underlying EE. Twenty-one patients had seizures evoked by calculation, problem solving or spatial tasks. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy was the commonest form of seizure disorder in them. Although PSE itself is rare, self-induced epilepsy (SIE) was common. There were 8 patients who self-induced seizures. The majority were photosensitive and they induced seizures by gazing at the sun and waving a hand in front of the eyes. In the management of REs, clobazam produced impressive results. As for possible seizure-inhibitory mechanisms, our studies on a "Sathi" mediator showed definite EEG changes during mediation. Can mediation increase the seizure-threshold and abort or prevent the propagation of the epileptic discharge? The answer, apart from its possible therapeutic applications, may provide insight into the mechanisms of seizure generation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Telephone-induced seizures: a new type of reflex epilepsy.

PURPOSE: To report a new form of reflex epilepsy in which the seizures are repeatedly and exclusively triggered by answering the telephone. METHODS: Three patients with a history of telephone-induced seizures were studied in detail by means of clinical, EEG, and neuroradiologic investigations. Intensive video-EEG monitoring to record the reflex seizures also was performed in all cases. RESULTS: The patients (two men, one woman, aged 21 to 30 years) had the onset during early adulthood of complex partial and secondarily generalized seizures exclusively triggered by answering the telephone. The seizures were stereotyped, with subjective auditory or vertiginous auras and inability to speak or understand the spoken voices. In one patient, a telephone-induced seizure arising from the dominant temporal lobe was recorded by means of video-EEG technique. In the interictal EEGs, temporal abnormalities were detected in all cases. The patients had a normal neurologic examination and normal magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that telephone epilepsy is a previously unrecognized form of reflex epilepsy induced by a complex auditory stimulus involving the lateral temporal areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Single case study. Contact epilepsy: a rare form of reflex epilepsy.

An 80-year-old male is presented who had violent myoclonic seizures with occasional brief loss of consciousness, triggered by tactile stimuli directed to the upper extremities and upper part of the trunk which evolved over a 10-year period. Physical examination revealed very few neurological abnormalities. His resting electroencephalograms were normal, but generalized spikes, polyspikes, and slow wave discharges were precipitated by tactile stimuli with the patient sitting up. He showed no significant response to standard anticonvulsant therapy. The relevant literature is reviewed briefly.

Aged↗