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30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effects of althesin anaesthesia and surgery on carbohydrate and fat metabolism in man.

The effects of Althesin anaesthesia alone, and associated with surgery, on carbohydrate and fet metabolism were studied in 36 patients by determining the plasma concentrations of cortisol, human growth hormone, insulin, free fatty acids, and blood sugar. The differences between the mean blood sugar and plasma cortisol concentrations before induction and during anaesthesia alone were not statistically significant. Blood sugar concentrations increased slightly during minor surgery and increased significantly during body surface and abdominal surgery. The plasma cortisol concentrations increased slightly during minor and body surface surgery but increased significantly during abdominal surgery. Plasma insulin and human growth hormone concentrations did not change appreciably during anesthesia and surgery. During Althesin anaesthesia alone and during minor surgery, a significant increase in plasma FFA concentration was observed at 15 min. The hyperglycaemia response in diabetic patients did not differ significantly from that in nondiabetic subjects. The clinical significance of the results is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Comprehensive evaluation of fatty acids in foods. II. Beef products.

An estensive survey of the literature on lipids of beef covering the past fouteen years revealed that a number of factors, such as sex, age, and diet of animal, and analytical method, can affect the lipid content and fatty acid composition of beef. The feeding regimen of the animal was a factor considered in evaluating data for the food table. Extraction method was important in assessing information on lean tissue lipids. Statistical analysis showed that fatty acid patterns for the separable fat and separable lean of various meat cuts were not significantly different at the 5 per cent level. Cooking by dry or moist heat has little effect on relative fatty acid composition. Methods for converting methyl ester data into per cent composition of fatty acids in the meat cut are presented. A comprehensive table of fatty acids per 100 gm. separable lean, separable fet, and total edible portions of Choice grade cuts of beef is given, as well as a table acids per 100 gm. fat for lean and adipose tissues.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Eelectrophysiological correlates of pecking.

Electrophysiological correlates of pecking were studied in 50 freely moving pigeons. With the backward averaging technique average motor potentials (AMPs) were found in all subdivisions of the striatum. The AMPs appeared significantly earlier (40 msec before pecking) in the Wulst than in the neostriatum, ectostriatum, and archistriatum (18 to 28 msec before pecking). Their amplitude could be reduced by monocular occlusion. Average visual responses (AVRs) in the optic tectum were decreased at brief peck-flash intervals, reached maximum with 100 to 200 msec peck-flash delays and then again decreased at intervals corresponding to the occurrence of the next peck (300 msec). A head-mounted microdive system and a miniature FET probe were employed to record unit activity with glass microelectrodes. Out of 280 examined neurones, 83% were activated and 6% inhibited by pecking. The pre- and post-pecking histograms indicated that hyperstriatal neurones are activated earlier and for a longer time than the neostriatal units. It is concluded that rostral parts of striatum play an important role in the functional organisation of pecking.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Electrophysiological analysis of retrieval of conditioned taste aversion. Physiological techniques and data processing.

New techniques suitable for electrophysiological investigation of retrieval of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) were developed. The gustatory discrimination apparatus consisted of two parallel drinking spouts (20 mm apart) equipped with photoelectric lick sensors. The spouts contained water or the aversive fluid (0.15 M LiCl), respectively, and their position could be rapidly (50 ms) interchanged with a reversive electromotor. Licking at either spout and the position of the fluids were recorded on one channel of a tape recorder. Unit activity was picked up with tungsten microelectrodes (40 micrometers) inserted into the brain of a freely moving rat with a head-mounted microdrive system (weight 2 g), fixed to an implanted guiding cannula. The electrode was connected through a head-carried FET signal follower to a wide band integrated circuit amplifier and the unit activity was recorded in the other channel of the tape recorder. The records were evaluated using an off-line computer program (LINC 8) consisting of a spike detection subroutine followed by amplitude histogram analysis. The mean (M) and SD values were computed for uni- or bimodal amplitude distributions of the principal spike components. Spike falling within the M+/-2 SD range of the selected parameter were identified as single units and used for construction of post stimulus histograms triggered by licking or by spout switching.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1975

An unusual case of feline leukemia and an associated syncytium-forming virus.

A 3-year-old female Siamese cat was admitted to a local animal hospital with a history of recent extreme lethargy and anorexia. A hemorrhagic tumor was removed from an area of oral buccal skin and diagnosed histopathologically as lymphosarcoma. Rapid physical deterioration occurred, and the cat became moribund 2 weeks after surgical operation. Necropsy revealed at least 200 spherical hemorrhagic neoplastic nodules attached to the omentum, mesentery, and peritoneum. Examination of histopathologic sections confirmed the striking characteristics of an extremely vascular and highly invasive malignant lymphoma, which was designated feline tumor No. 01 (FeT-01). There was no evidence of peripheral blood leukemia. Electron microscopic examination of tumor tissue revealed numerous viral particles having characteristics common to both feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline syncytium-forming virus (FeSFV). Primary cells and cultures propagated from tumor tissue were found to be negative or weakly positive for group-specific (gs) antigen by radioimmunoassay but strongly positive when assayed by indirect immunofluorescence. Co-cultivation of cells from tumor tissue, with normal prescreened feline embryo cells, revealed the presence of numerous FeSFV-like viral particles in the absence of C-type virus. A FeSFV was isolated from these passaged cells, with characteristics similar to FeSFV isolates previously described in the literature. The apparent presence of FeSFV in lymphosarcomatous tissue and the apparent absence of FeLV C-type particles in passaged cells indicate the need to make a more intensive study of the FeSFV group of viruses and the possible etiologic relationship to feline malignancies.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Fabrication of pH-sensitive implantable electrode by thick film hybrid technology.

We report preliminary results of our experiments directed at fabricating pH-sensitive electrodes suitable for in vivo use by means of thick film screening techniques. Our results show that glass membranes of suitable thickness and possessing nearly theoretical sensitivity to pH can be fabricated by this process. A hybrid electrode structure permits the incorporation of a source follower FET amplifier directly adjacent to the pH membrane, significantly reducing response time and noise pick-up. Extension of the basic electrode structure to accommodate membranes sensitive to other ions is discussed.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1976

[Transplantable sebaceous adenoma of the mouse with virus particles studied by electron microscopy (author's transl)].

Histology and ultrastructure of a sebaceous adenoma of the mouse -- derived from i.p.-injection of 0.1 ml DNA, isolated from cells of a transplantable mouse-leukemia -- were studied. The original tumour and all transplanted tumours display the same tissular differentiation. In all tumours virus particles were found. Structure and behaviour of the intracytoplasmic A-particles resemble those of the mouse mammary tumour virus while the C-particles found extracellular were identical with the leukemia viruses of the mouse. It might be suspected that mammary tumour virus and leukemia viruses are either non specific or that a new virus is present in the sebaceous adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

[Colonization of the mouse liver by transplanted virogenic leukemia cells. Electron microscopic investigations (author's transl)].

Cells of a virogenic, immature myelogenic leukemia were injected in i.p. in one week old mice, strain NMRI, each animal receiving 10(5), 10(6) or 13(7) cells respectively in 0.2 ml Hanks' BSS. Mice were sacrificed at different times between 10 hrs and 21 days p.i. and liver specimens were prepared for electronmicroscopic studies. 10 hrs p.i. the leukemic cells are found in the sinusoids of the liver and after 30 hrs in the periportal fields. The leukemia cells migrate into the Disse spaces from the sinusoids. The leukemic cells penetrate with cytoplasmic digitations between connected endothelial cells. There is no lytic disintegration of the endothelial cells. The leukemic cells multiply by mitotic division of the Disse spaces, thereby compressing the liver cells. The cell membranes of both cell-types remain intact. Electronmicroscopically no evidence is found of a secretion of enzymes from the leukemia cells that destroy liver cells. Destruction of the liver cells is the consequence of the growth-pressure exerted by the dividing leukemic cells. Within the liver of the recipients the leukemic cells produce RNA-viruses. In the cytoplasm - frequently in the area of the Golgi-field - groups of immature A-particles are formed. In the virus fields the ribosomes disappear. The immature A-particles consist of two concentric electron dense shells. On the surface of the liver cells budding particles and immature C-particles develop. Extracellular mature C-particles with a homogeneous nucleoid and an irregular outer shell may be seen. The formation of viruses is found to be independent of the stage of the leukemia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Protein factor from regenerating rat liver destabilizing secondary DNA structure].

In DNA preparations isolated from regenerating rat liver 22 hours after partial hepatectomy, i.e. at the period of the most intensive DNA synthesis a "Denaturating Protein Factor" (DPF) tightly bound to DNA was found. Isolated protein fraction with a molecular weight of 6500 dalton was found to be homogenous upon SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The degree of destabilisation of DNA was estimated by its reaction with water-soluble [14C]CME-carbodiimide which modifies selectively guanine and thymine residues only in the denatured DNA regions. Pronase treated DPF loses its DNA-denaturing capacity. Pronase treatment of DNA--DPF complex restores native DNA structure. DPF from rat liver was able to denature DNA from calf thymus and bacteriophage T7 DNA. A hypothesis is proposed that the DPF is responsible for the destabilization of DNA secondary structure in the process of replication.

Animals↗