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Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Detection of antithyroid residues in meat and some organs of slaughtered animals.

A simple method is described for the routine detection of antithyroid residues in thyroid, liver, kidney and meat contaminated at levels as low as 10 ppb (10 parts per 10(9)). Tissue samples (2 g) are homogenized in methanol, contaminating lipids and amino acids are removed and the antithyroid residues are subjected to reaction with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) in buffer. The NBD derivatives are extracted with diethyl ether and separated by thin-layer chromatography. After spraying with cysteine or mercaptoethylamine, the antithyroid residues appear as fluorescent spots. The detection limit of these compounds is of the order of 200 pg.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

International outbreak of Salmonella Eastbourne infection traced to contaminated chocolate.

Between Dec. 4, 1973, and Feb. 15, 1974, 80 cases of infection due to Salmonella eastbourne, previously a rare isolated serotype in the United States, were reported from twenty-three States. An additional 39 cases were reported from seven Provinces in Canada during a similar period. A telephone case-control study implicated Christmas-wrapped chocolate balls manufactured by a Canadian company as the vehicle of transmission. S. eastbourne was subsequently isolated from several samples of leftover chocolate balls obtained from homes where cases occurred. Investigation of the factory revealed that the contaminated Christmas and Easter chocolates, and a few chocolate items for year-round sale, had been produced between May and October, 1973. Bacteriological testing of samples taken at the plant implicated cocoa beans as the probable source of the salmonella organisms which, in the low-moisture chocolate, were able to survive heating during production. This outbreak and the finding of salmonella of other serotypes in chocolates produced by another manufacturer suggest that chocolate-related salmonellosis may be a significant public-health problem.

Cacao↗
PubMed1975

Thermal processing.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Food Microbiology↗
PubMed1979

Trace elements and health: an overview.

Trace element deficiencies, toxicities and imbalances in man are more difficult to relate to geochemical factors than they are in farm animals. The reasons for this are discussed and examples of such differences between man and grazing animals presented. The most convincing evidence of a geochemical causal link with human disease comes from the incidence and distribution of endemic goitre. The influence of technological developments upon this relation is discussed. Other associations between the physical environment, including the air and drinking water, and to health are given and critically examined in relation to the criteria necessary to distinguish between association and causation. The nature and extent of man-made modifications of the natural geochemical environment through technological change are discussed in relation to intakes of Fe, I, Zn, Pb and Se and their relation, in turn, to human health and disease. The currently proposed permissible limits or maximum tolerances of potentially toxic elements are presented, and the importance to these tolerances of the chemical and physical forms of the element and their metabolic interactions with other elements is emphasized.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1978

Effectiveness of community preventive programs on improving oral health.

Although sizable community efforts in the United States have been made to educate children and adults about periodontal disease and its control, valid inferences regarding their effectiveness cannot be made because, for the most part, invalid methods of evaluation have been used. Confusion about these methods may exist because there has been little conviction that the available methods of control will stop the progress of periodontal pathology. Many recommended oral hygiene practices are probably applicable only to certain motivated individuals. An effective, comprehensive community-program for the prevention of periodontal disease remains to be developed. It is unlikely that sufficient sums of money and personnel could be diverted from the budgets of lesser-developed countries to initiate mass oral hygiene programs. Therefore, it appears that, organized community efforts appear to be promising only for the control of dental caries. However, it must be remembered that community fluoridation may not be applicable in many countries. Therefore, new strategies and vehicles to bring fluorides to all segments of the world's population are needed.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1979

Respiratory function in coffee workers.

Respiratory function was studied in three groups of workers employed in processing coffee. The prevalence of almost all chronic respiratory symptoms was significantly higher in coffee processors than in control workers. In each group during the Monday work shift there was a significant mean acute decrease in the maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% vital capacity (VC), ranging from 4.0% to 8.7%, and at 25% VC, ranging from 6.0% to 18.5%. Acute reductions in FEV1.0 were considerably lower, ranging from 1.3% to 2.8%. On Thursdays the acute ventilatory function changes were somewhat lower than on Mondays. Acute decreases in flow rates at low lung volumes suggest that the bronchoconstrictor effect of the dust acts mostly on smaller airways. Administration of Intal (disodium cromoglycate) before the shift considerably diminished acute reductions in flow rates. A comparison of Monday pre-shift values of ventilatory capacity in coffee workers with those in controls indicates that exposure to dust in green or roasted coffee processing may lead to persistent loss of pulmonary function.

Adult↗