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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Drugs of Dependence Monitoring System: an effective check of the movements of certain drugs in Australia.

For the past 13 years the Commonwealth Department of Health has operated a computerized monitoring system which records the movements throughout Australia of selected legal drugs with abuse potential. The Drugs of Dependence Monitoring System is designed to prevent diversion to the illicit market. From the moment of import or manufacture, every movement of the selected drug is monitored until the drug reaches the final distributor, in most cases a pharmacy, a veterinarian or a hospital. Approximately 300,000 movements are checked each year. All drugs used in Australia, which are covered by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances are included in the system. Reports are generated on quantities imported, exported, locally produced, used in manufacture and distributed. The result is that the risk of diversion has been reduced to a minimum. Information obtained from the system has proved of considerable assistance in fulfilling Australia's international treaty obligations.

Australia↗
PubMed1984

Effect of a triplicate prescription law on prescribing of Schedule II drugs.

Prescribing of Schedule II drugs for outpatients before and after enactment of a triplicate prescription law (TPL) was examined at a 1200-bed teaching hospital in Texas. Four pharmacists reviewed all prescriptions for Schedule II drugs during 1981 (before TPL) and 1982 (after TPL). The name of the drug product, quantity, and prescriber's training classification were recorded. Prescribing of non-Schedule II analgesics was also analyzed. Finally, prescribing by 280 resident physicians was examined for six months before and six months after enactment of TPL. The total number of prescriptions received for Schedule II drugs decreased by 60.4% from 1981 to 1982 (total outpatient prescriptions increased by 12.7%). The number of Schedule II prescriptions received from first-year residents decreased by 44.5%, more than for any other category of prescribers. In each year, nine of the ten most frequently prescribed Schedule II medications were analgesics. The numbers of prescriptions for several non-Schedule II analgesics increased in 1982 at a rate greater than that for all outpatient drugs. The medical residents wrote 2958 Schedule II prescriptions in 1981 and 834 in 1982. At this hospital, a TPL discouraged prescribing of Schedule II drugs.

Drug Prescriptions↗
PubMed1993

Habitual pattern of food intake in patients with liver disease.

Patients with liver disease are frequently undernourished. We determined the habitual pattern of energy intake and intake of protein, fat, carbohydrate and alcohol in patients with liver disease. 20 Patients differing with respect to cause, duration and severity of liver disease reported their habitual food intake using a 7-day food record. Control subjects formed a representative sample of the Dutch population. The results showed that patients with liver disease, had a significantly decreased daily energy intake (both expressed in absolute values and per kg body mass), compared with control subjects. Total fat intake was reduced in patients, whereas total intake of protein, carbohydrate and alcohol was similar to the control group. In the first 4 hours after rising, energy and protein intake were significantly increased in the patient group. During the evening the consumption of protein was lower in patients with liver disease than in control subjects. These findings are probably functional in order to minimize episodes of catabolism.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

[Labile blood product traceability: definition, regulation, evaluation, and perspectives].

The traceability of blood products is an essential part of hemovigilance and transfusion safety. Law no 94-68 of 24 January 1994 is the legal foundation of the system of traceability. In this article, the structures of the system and the main actors are discussed. An evaluation of the system of traceability showed that it is both feasible and adaptable. An evaluation process is needed to assess the proper functioning of the system and to detect and prevent possible deficiencies.

Antibodies↗
PubMed2002

[Biovigilance, a vigilance exercised on the utilization of products obtained from the human body].

Organ transplantations and tissue/cells grafts are efficacious in many diseases. Nevertheless, beside the risk due to the technology which permits to carry out transplantations and grafts (surgery, tissue and cells collection, preservation, storage, cell expansion technics, immunosuppressive regimen,...), the microbiology risk must be controlled throughout the process leading to the transplantation or the graft. The structures, the organizations, the procedures, the information network and the controls assure the control of the risk. It is the main objective of human product vigilance. Future regulations will define the objectives of this sanitary vigilance more precisely.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2002

A data mining approach to characterizing medical code usage patterns.

This research describes a synthetic data mining approach to identifying diagnostic (ICD-9) and procedure (CPT) code usage patterns in two US. hospitals, with the goal of determining the adequacy and effectiveness of the current coding classification systems. We combine relative frequency measurements with measures of industry concentration borrowed from industrial economics in order to (1) ascertain the extent to which physicians utilize the available codes in classifying patients and (2) discover the factors that impinge on code usage. Our results partition the domain into areas for which the coding systems perform well and those areas for which the systems perform relatively poorly. The goal is to use this approach to understand how coding systems are used and to highlight areas for targeted improvement of the current coding

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1979

Paperwork and bureaucracy.

This study explores paperwork as an inherent characteristic of bureaucratic behavior. The magnitude and scope of the federal government paperwork burden on the private sector is given particular emphasis. A theoretical model of bureaucratic behavior is developed which shows that bureaucrats employ paperwork to shift the cost of agency functions to the private sector in order to increase their perquisites of office. The model indicates that, if the private sector were compensated for the federal paperwork burden, agency employment would be smaller, as would agency output and the volume of private-sector labor expended in preparing federal forms.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Measuring cost savings in the operating room: a matter of FOCUS (follow-through, obsolescence, control, utilization, standardization).

In summary, changes came slowly at first in the OR. The biggest inventory reduction came about a year after the effort had begun. It would seem that tackling obsolescence, standardizing products, etc. would give an initial "big chunk" savings, with small amounts coming later as inventories are lowered. What we expected did not occur, due to the inherent nature of practices and what was customarily being used. For example, previously, some equipment purchases were paid for by purchasing product, which resulted in long-term commitments and high supply costs. The OR at times seemed more like a process of managing change, not just supplies. FOCUS is a daily process. How many times can you afford to overlook this process? How often are the mistakes of the past repeated? In review, we suggest this simple outline: Follow-through (review each case from start to finish), Obsolescence (schedule inventories every six months), Control (achieve inventory management by adjusting PAR levels to needs), Utilization (utilize product/equipment with your control), and Standardization (standardize products and measure results).

Cost Control↗